(a) What is a balanced diet? (b) Name the classes of food stating the importance of any two to the human diet. (c) In a tabular form, state the source, subs...
Question 1 Report
(a) What is a balanced diet?
(b) Name the classes of food stating the importance of any two to the human diet.
(c) In a tabular form, state the source, substrate and end products of the following enzymes: (i) ptyalin: (ii) pepsin; (iii) lipase.
Answer Details
(a) What is a balanced diet?
A balanced diet is a diet that contains all the classes of food (carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, vitamins, mineral salts, water and roughage) in the correct proportions and in the right amounts needed by the body for good health.
(b) Classes of food, with the importance of two
The classes of food are: carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, vitamins, mineral salts, water and roughage (fibre).
- Carbohydrates: provide energy for body activities and warmth.
- Proteins: provide materials for growth and for the repair of worn-out body tissues.
(Fats and oils give a concentrated store of energy and insulation; vitamins and mineral salts protect the body and keep it working properly.)
(c) Source, substrate and end products of the enzymes
| Enzyme | Source | Substrate | End products |
|---|---|---|---|
| (i) Ptyalin (salivary amylase) | Salivary glands (in saliva) | Cooked starch | Maltose |
| (ii) Pepsin | Wall of the stomach (gastric glands) | Proteins | Peptones (polypeptides) |
| (iii) Lipase | Pancreas (and intestinal wall) | Fats and oils (lipids) | Fatty acids and glycerol |
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