The artificial supply of water to farm lands for crop production is called

Answer Details

Irrigation is the artificial or controlled application of water to agricultural land to supplement natural rainfall and support crop growth. It allows farmers to grow crops in regions with insufficient or unreliable rainfall and to maintain production during dry seasons.

Flooding refers to the uncontrolled overflow of water onto land, which is typically destructive rather than a deliberate water-supply technique. Drainage is the opposite process: it involves the removal of excess water from farmland to prevent waterlogging. Rainfall is a natural phenomenon and is not an artificial supply of water.

Common irrigation methods include surface irrigation (furrow, basin, border), sprinkler irrigation, and drip (trickle) irrigation. The choice depends on crop type, water availability, terrain, and cost. The key distinguishing feature of irrigation is that it is a deliberate, managed process designed to deliver water where and when crops need it.