With the aid of well-labelled diagrams describe... | WAEC SSCE - Geography - 1989 (Essay)

Question 1 Report

With the aid of well-labelled diagrams describe three main differences between the landform of any two of the following pairs

(a) Zeugens and yardangs

(b) Waterfalls and gorges

(d) Levees and deltas.

Answer

Two pairs are chosen: (b) Waterfalls and Gorges and (d) Levees and Deltas. Each pair is described with three main differences and supported by a well-labelled diagram.

(b) Waterfalls and Gorges

Waterfall: a river plunges over a hard cap rock overlying softer rock, forming an overhang and a plunge pool at the base.

Gorge: a deep, narrow valley with steep, almost vertical rock walls cut by vertical erosion, with a river along its narrow floor.

Waterfall	Gorge
It is a sudden, near-vertical fall of a river over a step in its bed.	It is a deep, narrow valley with very steep, almost vertical rock sides.
It forms where a band of hard, resistant rock overlies softer rock which is worn away to leave an overhang.	It forms mainly by rapid vertical (downward) erosion, and often by a waterfall cutting back (retreating) upstream.
It is essentially a single point feature, marked at its base by a plunge pool.	It is a long, gash-like feature that extends for some distance along the river's course.

(d) Levees and Deltas

Levee: raised ridges of coarse sediment built up along both banks of the channel when the river floods, with the floodplain beyond.

Delta: a low, fan-shaped mass of sediment deposited at the river mouth and split by many branching distributaries entering the sea.

Levee	Delta
It is a raised ridge or embankment of sediment built up along the bank of a river.	It is a low, roughly fan-shaped area of deposited sediment built out at the mouth of a river.
It forms when a river overflows in flood and drops its coarser load at the edge of the channel.	It forms where a river enters the still water of a sea or lake and drops its whole load as its speed falls.
It runs as a long, narrow ridge parallel to the channel in the river's lower course.	It spreads out at the river's end and is crossed by many branching channels called distributaries.

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Read lesson note on Physical Geography (JAMB)

Answer Details

Two pairs are chosen: (b) Waterfalls and Gorges and (d) Levees and Deltas. Each pair is described with three main differences and supported by a well-labelled diagram.

(b) Waterfalls and Gorges

Waterfall	Gorge
It is a sudden, near-vertical fall of a river over a step in its bed.	It is a deep, narrow valley with very steep, almost vertical rock sides.
It forms where a band of hard, resistant rock overlies softer rock which is worn away to leave an overhang.	It forms mainly by rapid vertical (downward) erosion, and often by a waterfall cutting back (retreating) upstream.
It is essentially a single point feature, marked at its base by a plunge pool.	It is a long, gash-like feature that extends for some distance along the river's course.

(d) Levees and Deltas

Levee	Delta
It is a raised ridge or embankment of sediment built up along the bank of a river.	It is a low, roughly fan-shaped area of deposited sediment built out at the mouth of a river.
It forms when a river overflows in flood and drops its coarser load at the edge of the channel.	It forms where a river enters the still water of a sea or lake and drops its whole load as its speed falls.
It runs as a long, narrow ridge parallel to the channel in the river's lower course.	It spreads out at the river's end and is crossed by many branching channels called distributaries.

Read lesson note on Elements Of Physical Geography (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Physical Geography (JAMB)

Elements Of Physical Geography

Physical Geography

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