Identify any six functions of the Oyomesi in the pre-colonial Oyo empire.

Answer Details

The Oyomesi was the council of state of the pre-colonial Oyo empire, made up of seven hereditary kingmakers headed by the Bashorun. It served as a powerful check on the Alaafin (the king). Its functions included the following.

1. Selection and installation of a new Alaafin: On the death of an Alaafin, the Oyomesi chose a successor from the royal family and performed the rites of installation.
2. Check on the power of the Alaafin: It acted as a check on the Alaafin, preventing him from becoming a tyrant, and could compel an erring or unpopular Alaafin to commit suicide by presenting him with an empty calabash or parrot's eggs.
3. Advisory function: The Oyomesi advised the Alaafin on important matters of state and assisted him in the day-to-day administration of the empire.
4. Legislative function: It participated in making laws and formulating policies for the good governance of the empire.
5. Judicial function: It served as a high court, settling serious disputes and trying important cases within the empire.
6. Religious and ceremonial functions: The Oyomesi took part in the performance of important state religious rites and festivals.
7. Declaration of war and peace: Together with the Alaafin, it deliberated on and decided matters of war and peace.