في أي عام هاجر النبي محمد إلى المدينة؟

The question asks in which year Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) migrated to Madinah. This event, known as the Hijra (الهجرة), is one of the most significant events in Islamic history and marks the beginning of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar.

The Hijra took place in 622 CE. Prophet Muhammad and his companion Abu Bakr al-Siddiq left Makkah and travelled to Yathrib (later renamed al-Madinah al-Munawwarah) after years of persecution by the Quraysh. The migration was not simply a flight from danger but a strategic move to establish a new Muslim community and state in Madinah, where the Prophet had already secured pledges of support from the Ansar (the Helpers).

The other years correspond to different events: 570 CE is traditionally given as the year of the Prophet's birth (عام الفيل, the Year of the Elephant); 610 CE is the year the first revelation of the Quran began in the cave of Hira; and 632 CE is the year the Prophet passed away in Madinah. Keeping these four key dates distinct is essential for Islamic history questions.