Study specimens F and G carefully and answer questions 2(a) and 2(b). (a) State three observable features of biological importance in: (i) specimen F; (ii) ...
Study specimens F and G carefully and answer questions 2(a) and 2(b).
(a) State three observable features of biological importance in: (i) specimen F; (ii) Specimen G.
(b) (i) Classify specimens F and G as either stem tuber or root tuber. (ii) Give two reasons each for the answer in 2(b)(i).
Study specimens H and J and answer questions 2(c) to 2(e).
(C) Classify specimens H and J into the class to which both belong.
(d) (i) state four observable differences between specimens H and J. (ii) State four observable similarities between specimens H and J.
(e) (i) State the feeding habits of each of specimens H and J. (ii) Name two observable features used for feeding in specimen J.
(a) Three observable features of biological importance
(i) Specimen F (carrot): a swollen fleshy tap root that stores food; presence of small lateral roots; a reduced stem bearing leaf bases at the broad upper end; no buds or scale leaves.
(ii) Specimen G (Irish potato): a swollen fleshy stem storing food; presence of buds (eyes); presence of scale leaves and lenticels.
(b)(i) Classification
Specimen F (carrot): root tuber.
Specimen G (Irish potato): stem tuber.
(b)(ii) Two reasons each
Specimen F is a root tuber because it is a swollen tap root and bears lateral roots, with no buds or scale leaves.
Specimen G is a stem tuber because it bears buds (eyes) and scale leaves, which are features of a stem, together with lenticels.
(c) Class of Specimens H and J: Insecta.
(d)(i) Four observable differences between H and J
Specimen H (mosquito)
Specimen J (cockroach)
Smaller in size
Larger in size
One pair of wings; no hard hind wings
Two pairs of wings; hard hind wings (elytra) present
Shorter antennae
Longer antennae
Cylindrical body with thin legs
Dorso-ventrally flattened body with thick spiny legs
(d)(ii) Four observable similarities between H and J: both have a pair of compound eyes; both have the body divided into head, thorax and abdomen; both have three pairs of jointed legs; both have a pair of antennae and an exoskeleton of chitin.
(e)(i) Feeding habits: Specimen H (mosquito) feeds by piercing and sucking; Specimen J (cockroach) feeds by biting and chewing.
(e)(ii) Two observable feeding features of Specimen J (cockroach): the mandibles and the maxillae (also the labium and labrum).
(a) Three observable features of biological importance
(i) Specimen F (carrot): a swollen fleshy tap root that stores food; presence of small lateral roots; a reduced stem bearing leaf bases at the broad upper end; no buds or scale leaves.
(ii) Specimen G (Irish potato): a swollen fleshy stem storing food; presence of buds (eyes); presence of scale leaves and lenticels.
(b)(i) Classification
Specimen F (carrot): root tuber.
Specimen G (Irish potato): stem tuber.
(b)(ii) Two reasons each
Specimen F is a root tuber because it is a swollen tap root and bears lateral roots, with no buds or scale leaves.
Specimen G is a stem tuber because it bears buds (eyes) and scale leaves, which are features of a stem, together with lenticels.
(c) Class of Specimens H and J: Insecta.
(d)(i) Four observable differences between H and J
Specimen H (mosquito)
Specimen J (cockroach)
Smaller in size
Larger in size
One pair of wings; no hard hind wings
Two pairs of wings; hard hind wings (elytra) present
Shorter antennae
Longer antennae
Cylindrical body with thin legs
Dorso-ventrally flattened body with thick spiny legs
(d)(ii) Four observable similarities between H and J: both have a pair of compound eyes; both have the body divided into head, thorax and abdomen; both have three pairs of jointed legs; both have a pair of antennae and an exoskeleton of chitin.
(e)(i) Feeding habits: Specimen H (mosquito) feeds by piercing and sucking; Specimen J (cockroach) feeds by biting and chewing.
(e)(ii) Two observable feeding features of Specimen J (cockroach): the mandibles and the maxillae (also the labium and labrum).
