Study specimen R and answer questions 4(a) to 4(c). (a) (i) Name the phylum of specimen R. (ii) State two reasons for the answer in 4(a)(i). (iii) State the...
Question 1 Report
Study specimen R and answer questions 4(a) to 4(c).
(a) (i) Name the phylum of specimen R. (ii) State two reasons for the answer in 4(a)(i).
(iii) State the habitat of specimen R. (b) (i) State two structural features that adapt specimen R to its habitat. (ii) State three ways in which specimen R is of economic importance.
(c) Make a drawing,8cm- 10cm long of the dorsal view of specimen R and label fully.
Study specimens S and T and answer questions 4(d) to 4(e).
(d) What type of fruits are specimens S and T?
(e) (i) State four observable differences between specimens S and T.
(ii) State three observable similarities between specimens S and T.
Answer Details
4(a)(i) Specimen R belongs to the phylum Annelida.
4(a)(ii) Reasons:
- Its long cylindrical body is divided into numerous similar segments (metameric segmentation).
- It possesses bristles called chaetae on the body segments.
4(a)(iii) It lives in moist or damp soil, especially under decaying leaves, grasses and other organic matter.
4(b)(i) Structural adaptations to its habitat:
- It has chaetae which grip the soil during crawling and burrowing.
- Its moist, slimy skin permits gaseous exchange and reduces friction during movement through the soil.
4(b)(ii) Economic importance:
- Its burrowing aerates the soil.
- Its castings and decomposition activities improve soil fertility.
- It is used as bait in fishing.
4(c) Dorsal view of specimen R, with the following labels: prostomium/anterior end, body segments, clitellum, and posterior end (anus).
4(d)
| Specimen | Type of fruit |
|---|---|
| S, unripe mango | Drupe |
| T, tomato | Berry |
4(e)(i) Observable differences between specimens S and T
| Specimen S, unripe mango | Specimen T, tomato |
|---|---|
| Green in colour | Red or yellow in colour |
| Usually contains one large seed | Contains many small seeds |
| Has a hard, stony endocarp | Has a soft, succulent endocarp |
| Has a fibrous mesocarp | Has a soft, juicy mesocarp |
4(e)(ii) Observable similarities between specimens S and T
- Both are fruits.
- Both contain seeds.
- Both have a pericarp or fruit wall made up of epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp.
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