The diagram shows a visitor using a smartphone at a museum. Ed has installed an app that gives an audio guide when the phone is close to an exhibit tag. The...
Question 1 Report
The diagram shows a visitor using a smartphone at a museum. Ed has installed an app that gives an audio guide when the phone is close to an exhibit tag. The phone can also send a photograph to a friend's device across a room. Museum staff need to decide when to use near-field communication (NFC) and when to use Bluetooth. The app must not automatically collect a visitor's personal information without permission.
(a) Which wireless communication method is used when Ed holds the smartphone a few centimetres from the tag? [2]
(b) State one use of NFC other than opening the museum audio guide. [2]
(c) Describe two differences between NFC and Bluetooth when transferring data between devices. [5]
(d) Explain why the app should ask Ed before it sends his location or contact information to an online service. [8]
Answer Details
(a) The method used a few centimetres from the tag is NFC, near-field communication. [2]
(b) One other use is contactless payment. Opening a door for access control, pairing devices, or reading a travel ticket are also valid. [2]
(c) NFC works only over a very short distance, typically a few centimetres, whereas Bluetooth can work across a room or several metres. NFC is often used to trigger a simple action or pairing; Bluetooth maintains a longer-range connection and is suitable for transferring a photograph or audio. [5]
(d) Location and contacts are personal data. Ed should know what is collected and consent before it is sent, giving him control over how it is used. Permission can prevent sharing with an unwanted third party. Location could reveal where Ed is or has been, while contacts could identify other people. Asking supports privacy and data-protection requirements, and Ed can refuse or alter settings if he disagrees. [8]
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