(a) State two roles each of the following compounds in respiration: (i) glucose; (ii) oxygen. (b) List two types of cellular respiration (c) Name the struct...
Question 1 Report
(a) State two roles each of the following compounds in respiration:
(i) glucose;
(ii) oxygen.
(b) List two types of cellular respiration
(c) Name the structures of gaseous exchange in the following organisms:
| S/N | ORGANISM | STRUCTURE OF GASEOUS EXCHANGE |
| 1 | Ameoba | |
| 2 | Tilapia | |
| 3 | Adult Toad | |
| 4 | Grasshopper |
(d) Make a diagram, 6 cm to 8 cm long of an open stoma in a leaf and label fully.
Answer Details
(a) Roles in respiration
(i) Glucose
- It is the respiratory substrate (fuel) that is broken down (oxidised) to release energy.
- Its breakdown yields ATP (energy), carbon dioxide and water for the cell's activities.
(ii) Oxygen
- It is used to oxidise glucose completely (it is the final acceptor of hydrogen/electrons).
- It makes aerobic respiration possible, releasing the maximum amount of energy and producing carbon dioxide and water.
(b) Two types of cellular respiration: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
(c) Structures of gaseous exchange
| S/N | Organism | Structure of gaseous exchange |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amoeba | Cell membrane (body surface) |
| 2 | Tilapia | Gills |
| 3 | Adult toad | Lungs, moist skin and lining of the mouth (buccal cavity) |
| 4 | Grasshopper | Tracheae (tracheal system opening through spiracles) |
(d) Diagram of an open stoma
Draw the stoma 6 cm to 8 cm long showing two bean-shaped guard cells enclosing the open stomatal pore (aperture), with the following labels: guard cell, chloroplasts (inside the guard cells), nucleus, stomatal pore (opening), thick inner wall and thin outer wall of the guard cell, and the neighbouring epidermal cells.
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