(a) What is communal land tenure system? (2 marks) (b) State two objectives of each of the following agricultural development programmes: (i) farm settlemen...

(a) Communal land tenure system [2 marks]

Communal land tenure is a system of land ownership in which land belongs to the whole community (village or family) as a group, and individual members are only given the right to use portions of it, but no single member owns the land outright.

(b) Two objectives of each development programme [6 marks]

• (i) Farm settlement schemes: to settle and employ young school-leavers and unemployed people in modern farming; and to increase agricultural production and demonstrate improved farming methods.
• (ii) River basin authorities: to provide water for irrigation so that farming can go on all year round; and to control flooding and provide water for domestic, fishing and hydro-electric use.
• (iii) Agricultural development projects (ADPs): to provide extension services and improved inputs to farmers; and to construct rural infrastructure (feeder roads, dams, markets) that boosts food production.

(c)(i) Farm machinery versus farm implements [2 marks]

Farm machinery are engine-powered (self-propelled or motorised) equipment that generate their own power to do farm work, whereas farm implements are the simpler, non-powered tools/attachments that either do work by hand or are coupled to and drawn by a source of power such as a tractor.

(c)(ii) Six examples of each [6 marks]

Farm machinery: tractor, combine harvester, power tiller, milking machine, water pump, sheller/thresher.

Farm implements: plough, harrow, ridger, planter, cutlass, hoe.