(a)(i) Define agriculture [2 marks] (ii) List six branches of agriculture [3 marks] (b) State five differences between commercial agriculture and subsistenc...
Question 1 Report
(a)(i) Define agriculture [2 marks] (ii) List six branches of agriculture [3 marks]
(b) State five differences between commercial agriculture and subsistence agriculture [5 marks]
(c) State three merits and three demerits of using animal power on the farm. [6 marks]
Answer Details
(a)(i) Definition of agriculture
Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating crops and rearing of animals for man use, and for the production of food, fibre and other useful products, as well as the processing and marketing of these products.
(a)(ii) Six branches of agriculture
- Crop production (agronomy).
- Animal production (livestock/husbandry).
- Horticulture.
- Fishery.
- Forestry.
- Agricultural economics and extension.
- (Also: soil science and agricultural engineering.)
(b) Five differences between commercial and subsistence agriculture
| Commercial agriculture | Subsistence agriculture |
|---|---|
| Produces mainly for sale/profit. | Produces mainly for the family. |
| Large area of land is cultivated. | Small area of land is cultivated. |
| Requires large capital. | Requires little capital. |
| Uses machines and modern techniques. | Uses simple/crude tools and hired family labour. |
| Output/yield is high. | Output/yield is low. |
| Skilled labour is employed. | Mostly family labour is used. |
(c) Three merits of using animal power on the farm
- It is cheaper than buying and running machines.
- The animals provide manure (dung) for the farm.
- The animals can later be sold or used for meat, and they can work where tractors cannot reach.
Three demerits of using animal power
- Animals work slowly, so large areas take a long time.
- Animals need feeding, housing and veterinary care even when not working.
- They may be affected by diseases and are unsuitable for very heavy or deep cultivation.
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