(a) List four factors that cause a change in supply of agricultural produce [4 marks] (b) Distinguish between fixed cost and variable cost giving two exampl...
Question 1 Report
(a) List four factors that cause a change in supply of agricultural produce [4 marks]
(b) Distinguish between fixed cost and variable cost giving two examples in each case [6 marks]
(c) Example the following agricultural extension teaching methods: (i) posters; (ii) field trips. [6 marks]
Answer Details
(a) Four factors that cause a change in supply of agricultural produce
- Change in the cost of production (prices of inputs).
- Change in technology used in production.
- Weather and climatic conditions.
- Government policy (taxes and subsidies).
(b) Fixed cost and variable cost distinguished
| Fixed cost | Variable cost |
|---|---|
| Cost that does not change with the level of output and must be paid whether or not production takes place. | Cost that changes directly with the level of output. |
Two examples of fixed cost: rent on land; depreciation of machinery.
Two examples of variable cost: cost of seeds and fertilizers; wages of casual labour.
(c) Explanation of the agricultural extension teaching methods
(i) Posters: A poster is a printed visual aid, usually a sheet or chart carrying a short message with bold pictures and very few words, displayed in public places such as markets and clinics. It quickly attracts the attention of passers-by and passes a single agricultural idea to many farmers at a glance.
(ii) Field trips: A field trip is an organised visit by a group of farmers to a farm, research institute or demonstration site so that they can see improved practices being carried out and learn at first hand. It is a group teaching method that lets farmers observe results directly before adopting them.
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