The system of government in which authority is shared between the center and the component units is called

The system of government in which authority is shared between the central or federal government and the component units, such as states or provinces, is called a federal system of government. In a federal system, the central government has certain powers, while the component units also have powers of their own that are protected by the constitution. This means that each state or province can have some degree of autonomy and self-governance within its own boundaries, while still being part of a larger nation or union. This system of sharing power and responsibility can help to ensure that local issues are addressed by local leaders who have a better understanding of the specific needs and challenges of their communities.