(a) Name three broad classes into which manufacturing industries can be grouped and one important area in the world where an example of each is located (b) ...
Question 1 Report
(a) Name three broad classes into which manufacturing industries can be grouped and one important area in the world where an example of each is located
(b) Describe three main characteristics of each class of industry named in (a) above.
Answer Details
(a) Three broad classes of manufacturing industries and one important area for each
| Class of industry | Example area in the world |
|---|---|
| Heavy (basic) industry - e.g. iron and steel | The Ruhr region, Germany (or the Great Lakes region, USA) |
| Light (consumer) industry - e.g. textiles, electronics | Japan (Tokyo-Yokohama) (or Lancashire, England) |
| Agro-based / processing industry - e.g. food and beverage processing | Denmark / the Netherlands (dairy) (or the Niger Delta, Nigeria for palm oil) |
(b) Three main characteristics of each class
Heavy industry:
- Uses large quantities of bulky, heavy raw materials (iron ore, coal, limestone).
- Needs much power, capital and large sites, and is located near raw materials or ports.
- Produces bulky basic products (steel, machinery) that serve as inputs to other industries.
Light industry:
- Uses lighter raw materials or semi-finished parts and less power.
- Often market-oriented, located near towns and skilled labour.
- Produces finished consumer goods (cloth, radios, appliances) and needs relatively little space and capital.
Agro-based / processing industry:
- Uses agricultural raw materials (crops, livestock, fish, timber).
- Usually located near the source of the raw material because the produce is bulky or perishable.
- Adds value by converting raw produce into food, drink or other goods (flour, sugar, oil, canned food).
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