(a) Explain the following terms as used in animal production: Malnutrition Weaning Heat period Candling (b)Distinguish between maintenance ration and produc...

Assessment: WAEC SSCE - Agricultural Science - 2019 (Essay) Subject: Agricultural Science

Question 1 Report

(a) Explain the following terms as used in animal production:

  • Malnutrition
  • Weaning
  • Heat period
  • Candling 

 

(b)Distinguish between maintenance ration and production ration in animal nutrition.

(c)State three effects of malnutrition on farm animals. 

(d)State five effects of deforestation. 

Answer Details

(a) Explanation of terms

  • Malnutrition: A condition that results from feeding an animal with a diet that is deficient, unbalanced, or in excess of one or more nutrients.
  • Weaning: The gradual process of separating a young animal from its mother and changing it from a milk diet to solid feed.
  • Heat period: The period (oestrus) during which the female animal is sexually receptive and ready to accept the male for mating.
  • Candling: Passing an egg over or before a source of light in a dark room to examine its internal quality, fertility or stage of development.

(b) Maintenance ration and production ration distinguished

Maintenance rationProduction ration
The feed given to keep an animal alive and healthy, with no gain or loss in weight and no production.The extra feed given, in addition to the maintenance ration, to enable the animal to produce milk, eggs, meat, work or offspring.

(c) Three effects of malnutrition on farm animals

  1. It causes retarded or stunted growth.
  2. It lowers productivity (less milk, eggs and meat) and causes poor reproduction.
  3. It makes animals weak and more susceptible to diseases, and may cause death.

(d) Five effects of deforestation

  1. It leads to soil erosion.
  2. It causes loss of soil fertility.
  3. It can lead to desertification.
  4. It destroys the habitat of wildlife and reduces biodiversity.
  5. It reduces rainfall and contributes to climate change and flooding.
Read lesson note on Animal Nutrition (JAMB)
Read lesson note on General Terminology In Animal Production (JAMB)
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