(a) Explain any four ways in which lines of latitude differ from lines of longitudes (b) If the time at town A (long 75°W) is 5.00p.m on Friday, what will b...
Question 1 Report
(a) Explain any four ways in which lines of latitude differ from lines of longitudes
(b) If the time at town A (long 75°W) is 5.00p.m on Friday, what will be the time and day at town B(long 120°E)? Show your workings clearly.
Answer Details
(a) Four ways lines of latitude differ from lines of longitude:
| Lines of Latitude (parallels) | Lines of Longitude (meridians) |
|---|---|
| Run in an east-west direction, parallel to the Equator | Run in a north-south direction, from pole to pole |
| Measure distance/position north and south of the Equator (0° to 90° N and S) | Measure distance/position east and west of the Greenwich (Prime) Meridian (0° to 180° E and W) |
| Are of unequal length; they get shorter towards the poles (Equator is the longest) | Are all of equal length; each is a half-circle joining the two poles |
| Are true parallels and never meet | Are not parallel; they converge and meet at the two poles |
(Also acceptable: the spacing between parallels is roughly constant, while meridians are farthest apart at the Equator; latitude determines climate/temperature zones, longitude determines local time.)
(b) Time calculation:
Town A is at long \(75^{\circ}\text{W}\), Town B at long \(120^{\circ}\text{E}\). They are on opposite sides of the Prime Meridian, so add the longitudes:
\[ \text{Longitude difference} = 75^{\circ} + 120^{\circ} = 195^{\circ} \]
The Earth turns \(15^{\circ}\) in \(1\) hour, i.e. \(1^{\circ} = 4\) minutes:
\[ \text{Time difference} = 195 \times 4 = 780\text{ minutes} = 13\text{ hours} \]
Town B is east of Town A, so its time is ahead. Add 13 hours to A's time:
\[ 5:00\text{ p.m. Friday} + 13\text{ hours} = 6:00\text{ a.m. Saturday} \]
Time at Town B = 6:00 a.m. on Saturday.
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