(a) Give four uses of an Organization chart (b) Explain three reasons why managers may refuse to delegate (c) State three advantages of delegation of author...

(a) Four uses of an organisation chart

1. It shows the formal lines of authority and responsibility within the organisation.
2. It shows the relationship between different departments and positions.
3. It helps each worker to know his position, superiors and subordinates.
4. It reveals the channels of communication and the chain of command.

Other acceptable use: it helps management to identify gaps, overlaps or over-staffing in the structure.

(b) Three reasons managers may refuse to delegate

1. Fear of losing control or importance: A manager may feel that delegating will reduce his authority or make subordinates too powerful.
2. Lack of confidence in subordinates: The manager may believe that subordinates lack the skill or experience to perform the task well.
3. Fear of being blamed for mistakes: Since the manager remains accountable, he may refuse to delegate for fear that errors by subordinates will damage his reputation.

Other acceptable reason: the desire to do everything himself (belief that he can do it better).

(c) Three advantages of delegation of authority

1. It relieves the manager of routine duties so he can concentrate on important matters.
2. It trains subordinates and prepares them for higher responsibility.
3. It speeds up decision-making because decisions can be taken at lower levels.

Other acceptable advantage: it motivates subordinates by giving them a sense of importance and involvement.