(a) Give two examples of small-scale retail outlets and three examples of large- scale retail outlets (b) Explain five reasons for the survival of small-sca...

(a) Examples of retail outlets

Two small-scale retail outlets

1. Single/small shops (kiosks).
2. Hawkers, peddlers and street traders (itinerant traders).

(Also acceptable: market stalls, mobile shops, roadside sellers.)

Three large-scale retail outlets

1. Supermarkets.
2. Department stores.
3. Chain (multiple) stores.

(Also acceptable: hypermarkets, mail order houses.)

(b) Five reasons for the survival of small-scale retailers

1. Nearness to customers. They are located close to consumers in neighbourhoods and villages, providing goods within easy reach.
2. Provision of credit. They know their regular customers personally and sell to them on credit, which large stores rarely do.
3. Personal and friendly service. They give individual attention, advice and after-sales service that build customer loyalty.
4. Sale in small (broken bulk) quantities. They sell goods in very small units that suit low-income customers who cannot afford bulk buying.
5. Convenient opening hours. They open early, close late and often operate on weekends and holidays, serving customers when large stores are shut.

(Also acceptable: they need little capital to start and run; they can quickly adjust their stock to local tastes; and they sell goods not stocked by big stores.)