Study specimen P (Wood shavings),Q(Egg tray) and R (Spade) and answer the questions that follow. (a)(i) State two uses of each of specimen P and R on animal...

(a)(i) Two uses of each of specimen P (Wood shavings) and R (Spade) on an animal farm

Specimen P (Wood shavings):

• Used as litter (bedding) material on the deep-litter floor to absorb moisture and droppings.
• Provides warmth and insulation for young stock such as chicks.

Specimen R (Spade):

• Used for digging and turning the soil, and for making drainage channels.
• Used for removing manure, spent litter and refuse from pens.

(ii) Three uses of specimen Q (Egg tray)

• Holding and storing eggs safely to prevent breakage.
• Transporting eggs from the farm to the market.
• Grading, sorting and setting eggs before incubation.

(b) Three other tools that could be used in a poultry farm

• Feeder (feeding trough).
• Drinker (waterer).
• Debeaker (for debeaking birds).

(Others: incubator, egg candler, brooder lamp.)

(c) Two precautions when using specimen P (Wood shavings)

• Keep the shavings dry and turn them regularly to prevent dampness, caking and the growth of mould.
• Use only clean shavings that are free from dust, chemicals or wood preservatives which could be toxic to the birds.

(d) Three ways of maintaining specimen R (Spade)

• Wash off soil and dry the blade after each use to prevent rusting.
• Smear the metal parts with oil or grease and sharpen the cutting edge.
• Store in a dry shed, and tighten or replace a loose handle.