A table in which metals are arranged in series according to their comparative tendencies to give up their valence electrons is

The electrochemical series (also called the activity series or reactivity series) is a table that ranks metals in order of their tendency to lose their valence electrons and form positive ions. Metals at the top of the series (e.g., potassium, sodium, calcium) lose electrons most readily, while those at the bottom (e.g., gold, platinum) have very little tendency to give up electrons.

The series is determined by measuring the standard electrode potentials of metals. A more negative electrode potential indicates a greater tendency to lose electrons (be oxidised), placing the metal higher in the series.

The other options are not correct:

• The periodic table arranges elements by atomic number and groups them by similar chemical properties, but it does not rank them specifically by their tendency to lose valence electrons in a sequential series.
• "Table of elements" is a vague term that does not refer to a specific scientific arrangement by electron-loss tendency.
• "Periodicals" refers to magazines or journals and has no chemical meaning.