A student studied a diagram of a human kidney during a lesson on excretion. The kidneys are a pair of organs that remove certain waste substances from the b...
Question 1 Report
A student studied a diagram of a human kidney during a lesson on excretion. The kidneys are a pair of organs that remove certain waste substances from the blood and help control the amount of water in the body. The diagram shows a section through one human kidney, with the blood vessels and the tube joined to it. One blood vessel, labelled A, carries blood into the kidney, and a tube labelled B leads away from it. When the kidney is cut open, two distinct regions, C and D, can be seen, and within them are large numbers of microscopic units that filter the blood.
(a) Name the blood vessel labelled A that carries blood into the kidney. [1]
(b) Name the tube labelled B that carries urine away from the kidney. [1]
(c) Two regions, C and D, can be seen when a kidney is cut open. Name region C and region D. [2]
(d) Name the microscopic units, found in regions C and D, that filter the blood. [1]
(e) State one waste substance that the kidney removes from the blood. [1]
Answer Details
(a) Blood vessel A carrying blood into the kidney [1]
The renal artery.
(b) Tube B carrying urine away [1]
The ureter.
(c) Regions C and D [2]
C is the cortex (the outer region) [1]; D is the medulla (the inner region) [1]. (The funnel-shaped space shown may be accepted as the pelvis.)
(d) Microscopic filtering units [1]
Nephrons (kidney tubules).
(e) One waste substance the kidney removes [1]
Urea (excess water or excess salts are also accepted).
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