Fig. 6 shows a range of products made from different polymers. The polymer has been chosen for its specific properties including its ability to be formed in...

(a) Name a suitable polymer for Product P (safety helmet) and give one reason [2]

Polymer: ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) [1].

Reason: ABS is tough and impact resistant [1]. It can absorb sudden shocks and distribute the force of an impact across the helmet shell, protecting the wearer's head. It also maintains its strength across a range of temperatures and can be injection moulded into the required shape.

(b) Explain why Product Q (electrical socket) is made from a thermosetting polymer rather than a thermoplastic [2]

A thermosetting polymer does not soften when heated [1]. Electrical connections can generate significant heat during use, and a thermoplastic socket could deform, warp, or even melt, exposing live conductors. A thermoset such as urea formaldehyde maintains its rigid shape permanently, ensuring the socket remains safe and structurally sound even under sustained electrical load [1]. Thermosetting polymers are also good electrical insulators, preventing current from passing through the casing to the user.

(c) Name the polymer commonly used for Product R (washing-up bowl) and state one suitable property [1]

Polypropylene (PP) [1]. Polypropylene is flexible (so the bowl can be squeezed and will spring back without cracking), lightweight (easy to lift when full of water), and resistant to hot water and detergents (it will not degrade, stain, or lose its shape in the washing-up environment).