(a) Explain the difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller. [2] (b) State two components that are typically built into a microcontroller but ...
Question 1 Report
(a) Explain the difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller. [2]
(b) State two components that are typically built into a microcontroller but are separate from a microprocessor. [2]
(c) Give two reasons why a microcontroller is more suitable than a microprocessor for use in a simple embedded device such as a toaster. [2]
Answer Details
(a) The difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller:
- A microprocessor is a standalone processing unit that requires external components such as memory and input/output interfaces to function. It must be connected to these components on a circuit board. [1]
- A microcontroller integrates the processor, memory and input/output interfaces onto a single chip, forming a complete system on one integrated circuit. [1]
(b) Two components typically built into a microcontroller but separate from a microprocessor:
- RAM (random access memory) for temporary data storage. [1]
- Input/output ports for connecting directly to sensors and actuators. [1]
(c) Two reasons why a microcontroller is more suitable for a simple embedded device like a toaster:
- A microcontroller is cheaper because all components are on one chip, reducing manufacturing costs for simple devices that only need to perform a single task. [1]
- A microcontroller uses less power than a microprocessor with separate components, making it suitable for small, low-power devices where energy efficiency matters. [1]
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