JAMB UTME - Computer Studies - 2022

Java is a ______ language

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Java is a high-level programming language. This means that it is designed to be easy to read and write for humans, and provides a higher level of abstraction from the hardware than lower-level languages. High-level languages like Java typically have built-in libraries and features that allow developers to write code more efficiently and focus on solving problems rather than worrying about low-level details like memory management or machine architecture. Additionally, high-level languages are typically platform-independent, which means that Java code can be compiled and run on different operating systems without needing to be rewritten.

What is the etiquette one should follow while working online?

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Working online requires proper etiquette or "netiquette" to maintain a positive and professional atmosphere. Here are some general guidelines to follow: 1. Be respectful: Always communicate in a respectful manner. Avoid using harsh or offensive language, and be mindful of cultural differences. 2. Be mindful of your tone: It's important to communicate in a tone that's appropriate for the situation. If you're sending an email or message, make sure the tone is professional. 3. Be punctual: Time management is key. Be punctual when it comes to meetings and deadlines. 4. Be organized: Keep your digital files organized and ensure that you're using appropriate naming conventions. This will make it easier for others to find what they need. 5. Be secure: Protect your digital assets by using strong passwords and secure file sharing methods. 6. Respect privacy: Be mindful of other people's privacy, including their personal information and confidential data. 7. Be mindful of online piracy: Do not engage in any form of online piracy, including sharing copyrighted materials without permission. Remember, the online world is just as important as the physical one. Maintaining proper netiquette can help you build a positive and professional reputation, and make you more successful in your online endeavors.

Which of the following system software resides in the main memory always?

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The system software that always resides in the main memory is the Operating System (OS). In many operating systems, the loader resides permanently in memory. The OS manages the resources of the computer and acts as an interface between the user and the hardware. It is responsible for tasks such as memory management, process management, file management, and input/output operations. Text editors, assemblers, linkers, and loaders are all types of system software, but they do not always reside in the main memory. They are typically loaded into memory when needed, and can be swapped out of memory when other processes need more memory. This is because main memory is a limited resource and the OS dynamically allocates it to different processes as needed.

How many different values can a bit have?

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A bit is the smallest unit of digital information in computing, and it can have two possible values: 0 or 1. This is because a bit is used to represent a binary digit, which can be either on or off, true or false, or high or low. So, the answer is 2. To give an example, imagine a light switch that can either be turned on or off. We can use a bit to represent the state of the switch, where 0 represents the switch being off, and 1 represents the switch being on. In this case, a single bit is enough to represent the two possible states of the switch. Similarly, in computing, a single bit is enough to represent two possible states of any digital information.

Computer software can be classified into how many parts?

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Computer software can be classified into two main parts: system software and application software. 1. System software: This type of software includes the programs that control the hardware components of a computer system and provide a platform for running other software applications. Examples of system software include operating systems, device drivers, utility programs, and firmware. 2. Application software: This type of software is designed to perform specific tasks or functions for the user. Application software can be further classified into two subcategories: general-purpose applications and specialized applications. Examples of general-purpose applications include word processors, spreadsheets, and web browsers, while examples of specialized applications include graphics software, database software, and video editing software. In summary, computer software can be classified into two main parts: system software and application software. The system software controls the hardware and provides a platform for running other software applications, while application software is designed to perform specific tasks or functions for the user.

he binary system has the radix of ________

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The binary system has a radix of 2. The radix of a number system is the number of unique digits used in that system. For example, in the decimal system (base 10), the radix is 10, because we use 10 unique digits (0 to 9) to represent numbers. In the binary system (base 2), the radix is 2, because we only use 2 unique digits: 0 and 1. This means that every number can be represented as a combination of only 0s and 1s in the binary system.

What is the permanent memory built into your computer called?

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The permanent memory built into a computer is called ROM (Read-Only Memory). It is called "read-only" because, unlike RAM (Random Access Memory), which can be written to and rewritten, the information stored in ROM cannot be changed by the computer or the user. ROM is a type of memory that is built into the computer's hardware and contains the basic instructions that the computer needs to boot up and run its basic functions. These instructions are often referred to as the "firmware" of the computer, and include the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) that controls the startup process, as well as other low-level software that interacts directly with the computer's hardware. CD-ROM, on the other hand, is a type of storage medium that can be used to store data or programs, but it is not built into the computer itself. CDs and DVDs can be used to store data, programs, or other types of media, but they are not considered a type of permanent memory built into the computer.

What tells the computer how to use its components?

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The operating system (OS) tells the computer how to use its components. An operating system is a software program that manages the computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system acts as an intermediary between the computer's hardware and the programs or applications that run on the computer. It is responsible for controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing system requests, ensuring security, and managing input/output operations. In short, the operating system acts as the foundation for the computer to function and allows different applications and programs to communicate with the hardware and work together.

The set of rules that defines the combination of symbols that are considered to be correctly structured statements or expressions in that language is called _________

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The set of rules that defines the combination of symbols that are considered to be correctly structured statements or expressions in a language is called Syntax. Think of syntax as the grammar of a language. Just like in English, there are certain rules that dictate what combinations of words and punctuation are considered to be a proper sentence, in programming languages there are rules that dictate what combinations of symbols and syntax are considered to be a proper statement or expression. The syntax of a language determines how code should be written in order for it to be properly understood by the computer and executed as intended.

The process of feeding instructions into the computer system is called

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The process of feeding instructions into a computer system is called "inputting." It involves providing data, commands, or other types of information to a computer system so that it can process and execute the instructions. When you input data or commands into a computer system, you typically use an input device such as a keyboard, mouse, or microphone to provide the information. The computer then processes the input data using its internal logic and algorithms, and generates an output based on the instructions it received. For example, when you type a document using a keyboard and input the data into a word processing software, the computer processes the text and generates an output in the form of a document that you can save, print, or share. In summary, inputting is the process of providing information or instructions to a computer system, which is then processed and executed by the computer to generate an output.

The java interpreter translates a java program from ____________ to machine language.

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The Java interpreter translates a Java program from its original form, which is a high-level programming language, into a special type of code called "bytecode." Bytecode is a low-level code that is specific to the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which is a software layer that sits between the Java program and the computer's hardware. When a Java program is compiled, it is translated into bytecode rather than machine language. Bytecode is a form of binary code that is designed to be portable across different platforms, meaning that it can run on any computer that has a JVM installed, regardless of the specific hardware or operating system. So, to summarize, the Java interpreter translates a Java program from a high-level programming language into bytecode, which is a low-level binary code that is specific to the JVM. The bytecode can then be executed by the JVM on any computer that has it installed.

The delete permission allows one to ____________

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The delete permission allows someone to remove or delete files and directories. This means that if a user has the delete permission, they can get rid of files and folders that they have access to, and these files and folders will no longer be available on the system. This permission is typically used to allow users to clean up or manage their own files and directories, but it can also be used by system administrators to control access and prevent unwanted modifications or deletions.

Which computer accessory is both an input and output device?

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An inventory management program can assist with ________

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An inventory management program can assist with all of the above: distribution, purchasing, and planning. Inventory management involves keeping track of a company's stock of goods and materials, and making sure that there are enough items on hand to meet customer demand without having too much excess inventory that ties up capital. A good inventory management program can help with distribution by providing real-time updates on inventory levels and locations, allowing companies to quickly and accurately fulfill customer orders. It can also assist with purchasing by tracking inventory levels and alerting staff when it's time to reorder supplies, helping to ensure that stock is always available when needed. Additionally, an inventory management program can assist with planning by providing data and analytics on sales trends, inventory turnover, and other key performance indicators. This information can help companies make informed decisions about which products to stock, when to order supplies, and how much inventory to keep on hand. Overall, a well-designed inventory management program can help companies save time, reduce waste, and improve efficiency.

What is the full form of TCP?

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The full form of TCP is Transmission Control Protocol. TCP is a communication protocol that is used to send and receive data over the internet. It is one of the main protocols in the Internet Protocol Suite (commonly referred to as TCP/IP), which is the set of rules and standards that govern how data is transmitted on the internet. TCP provides a reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data between applications running on different devices. It breaks down the data into small packets, and each packet is numbered and tracked to ensure that it arrives at its destination in the correct order and without errors. If a packet is lost or damaged during transmission, TCP detects the error and retransmits the missing or damaged packet. TCP is widely used for sending and receiving data between web servers and web browsers, and for many other applications that require reliable and error-free data transmission over the internet.

Which can be the input and output devices both?

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There are some devices that can be used as both input and output devices. These are: 1. Touch screen monitor: A touch screen monitor can be used as both an input and output device. It can display information to the user and also accept input from them through touch. 2. Digitizer: A digitizer is another device that can act as both an input and output device. It is used to convert analog signals, such as handwriting or sketches, into digital form. It can also display the digital output on a screen. In contrast, devices like a scanner and speaker are typically designed to perform just one function. A scanner is primarily an input device that converts physical documents into digital images, while a speaker is an output device that produces sound. To summarize, touch screen monitors and digitizers can be used as both input and output devices, while scanners and speakers are typically limited to a single function.

What does an Operating System do?

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An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages a computer's hardware and software resources. Simply put, it acts as a bridge between the computer's hardware and the applications you run on it. An operating system is responsible for several important tasks, including: - Memory Management: It manages the computer's memory and makes sure that programs are running efficiently and that there's enough memory available when you need it. - File Management: It keeps track of all the files on the computer and organizes them in a way that makes it easy for you to find what you need. - Application Management: It launches and runs the applications you want to use and ensures that they run smoothly and don't interfere with each other. In short, an operating system is like a traffic cop for your computer, making sure that everything runs smoothly and efficiently.

A word processor can be used to

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A word processor is a computer program that is used to create, edit, and print text documents. With a word processor, you can type in text, make changes to it, format it with different fonts and styles, and then print it out if you need a hard copy. In short, a word processor allows you to write, edit, and print text in a convenient and flexible way.

A tier in which the database resides along with the query processing language is called

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The tier in which the database resides along with the query processing language is called the data tier. In software architecture, the data tier is one of the three layers of a typical multi-tier architecture, with the other two being the presentation tier (dealing with the user interface) and the application tier (containing the business logic). The data tier is responsible for managing the storage and retrieval of data, as well as the processing of queries that operate on that data. The data tier typically consists of one or more database management systems (DBMS), which are specialized software systems designed to manage large amounts of structured data. The DBMS provides a structured way to store data and a language for querying and manipulating that data, such as SQL (Structured Query Language). In summary, the data tier is the layer in a multi-tier software architecture where the database resides, and where queries are processed using a specialized query language like SQL. It is responsible for managing the storage and retrieval of data in an efficient and secure manner.

In any software package, which of the following versions represents a major improvement on the previous version?

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In any software package, a new version number that increases the whole number before the decimal point represents a major improvement on the previous version. Therefore, the versions that represent a major improvement on the previous version is 2.0.

In software development, version numbers are used to identify different releases or iterations of a program. A new version number is typically assigned when significant changes or improvements are made to the software. The first number before the decimal point in a version number is known as the major version number. When this number increases, it indicates that there has been a significant change or improvement in the software that warrants a new release.

The second number after the decimal point is the minor version number, which typically represents smaller changes or bug fixes. Therefore, 2.0 is a major releases that represent significant improvements over the previous version, while 1.0, 1.5 and 2.5 are minor releases that represent smaller changes or bug fixes.

In summary, a new software version number that increases the major version number before the decimal point represents a major improvement on the previous version, indicating that significant changes or improvements have been made to the software.

Destruction of files for malicious reasons such as access by fraudulent people is classified as being

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Destruction of files for malicious reasons, such as access by fraudulent people, is classified as "unauthorized access". This means that someone who is not authorized to access the files has gained access to them, and has intentionally damaged or deleted the files. This type of access is illegal and is a violation of the owner's rights to the information stored in the files.

Computers are used majorly at offices for ____________

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Computers are commonly used in offices for a variety of tasks, but some of the major purposes include: 1. Creating and editing documents: Computers are used to create and edit documents such as letters, reports, presentations, and spreadsheets. This is because computers offer a range of software applications that allow users to create and edit documents easily and quickly. 2. Communication: Computers are used to communicate with other employees, clients, and customers through email, video conferencing, and instant messaging. 3. Data management: Computers are used to store and manage data such as customer information, financial records, and inventory lists. This is because computers offer software that allows users to organize and track data efficiently. 4. Accounting: Computers are used for accounting purposes such as bookkeeping, payroll, and invoicing. This is because computers offer specialized software that allows users to manage financial data accurately and quickly. 5. Security: Computers are also used for security purposes such as monitoring and controlling access to sensitive data and systems. This is because computers offer software and hardware tools that can be used to safeguard against unauthorized access and cyber threats. Overall, computers have become an essential tool in the modern office environment, enabling employees to work more efficiently, communicate more effectively, and manage data and information more securely.

When does the output of a NOR gate =0?

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What does RAM and ROM have in common?

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The first option, "They both deal with memory," is correct. RAM and ROM are both types of memory used in computers and other electronic devices. RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of volatile memory that stores data temporarily and is used for running programs and applications. When the power is turned off, the data stored in RAM is lost. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of non-volatile memory that stores data permanently and is used for storing the basic input/output system (BIOS) that helps to boot up the computer. The data stored in ROM cannot be easily altered or deleted. In summary, both RAM and ROM are types of memory used in electronic devices, and they both deal with storing and accessing data.

CPU stands for ________________.

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CPU stands for Central Processing Unit. It is the primary component of a computer system that carries out instructions of a computer program. The CPU is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer, as it performs the majority of the calculations and operations that are necessary for the computer to function. The CPU is responsible for fetching instructions from the computer's memory, decoding those instructions, executing them, and then storing the results back in memory. It is made up of several sub-components, including the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) which performs mathematical operations, and the control unit (CU) which manages the flow of data and instructions within the CPU and to other parts of the computer system.

Programming language COBOL works best for use in

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COBOL, which stands for COmmon Business Oriented Language, is a programming language that is specifically designed for commercial applications. It was developed in the 1950s for business data processing, and it remains a popular choice for applications related to finance, banking, insurance, and other industries that handle large amounts of data. COBOL is known for its straightforward syntax and ability to process large amounts of data efficiently, making it a good choice for commercial applications that need to manage and manipulate financial records, inventory, and other types of business data.

_________ are programmes that affect the effectiveness of a computer system.

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The correct answer is "bugs and viruses." Bugs are errors or defects in computer software that can cause the system to behave unexpectedly or not function properly. They can affect the efficiency and effectiveness of a computer system by slowing it down, causing crashes, or producing incorrect results. Viruses, on the other hand, are malicious software programs that can infect a computer system and cause harm. They can also affect the effectiveness of a computer system by causing it to slow down or crash, stealing personal information, or spreading to other systems. Anti-virus programs are software tools designed to detect and remove viruses from a computer system. While they can help mitigate the negative effects of viruses, they are not a complete solution and cannot prevent all types of viruses from infecting a system.

________ is the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors

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The process of dividing a disk into tracks and sectors is called "formatting". Formatting prepares a new disk for use by creating a file system that can store and organize data. Tracks are circular paths on the disk, and sectors are small sections within each track. By dividing the disk into tracks and sectors, formatting allows the operating system to efficiently read and write data to the disk. Think of it like drawing lines on a blank piece of paper to create a grid. The grid allows you to organize your content and write in an orderly manner. Similarly, formatting divides the disk into a grid-like structure that the computer can use to organize and store data.

Which term describes accessing files from a computer other than the one where the files are stored.

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The term that describes accessing files from a computer other than the one where the files are stored is "remote access". Remote access means that you can access files, data or resources from a different computer or server that is located elsewhere, using a network connection like the internet. This allows you to work with files and data as if they were stored on your local computer, even though they are actually stored on a different computer or server. For example, if you are working from home and need to access files that are stored on your work computer, you can use remote access to connect to your work computer over the internet and access those files. Similarly, if you use cloud storage services like Dropbox or Google Drive, you can access your files from any computer with an internet connection, which is also a form of remote access.

In general, a file is basically a collection of all related______.

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In general, a file is basically a collection of all related "records". A record is a collection of related data items that are grouped together and treated as a single unit. For example, in a student record file, each record may contain data related to a single student, such as their name, ID number, and grades. Each record may consist of several "fields", which are individual pieces of data that are related to the record. For example, in a student record, a field might be the student's name, another field might be their date of birth, and another field might be their address. So, in summary, a file is a collection of related records, and each record contains multiple fields that are related to the record.

The Caps key on a keyboard is used to___________

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The Caps key on a keyboard is used to switch between upper and lower case letters. When you press the Caps key, it changes the letter case of the letters you type from lowercase to uppercase or vice versa. This means that if you type with the Caps key on, all the letters you type will appear in uppercase. Similarly, if you type with the Caps key off, all the letters you type will appear in lowercase. This feature is particularly useful when you want to emphasize certain words or phrases, such as in titles or headings. It can also be used to make your text easier to read by adding some variety to the letter case. For example, when typing a password or other sensitive information, you may want to use a combination of upper and lower case letters to make it more secure. In summary, the Caps key is used to switch between uppercase and lowercase letters in order to make text easier to read, emphasize words, or add security to sensitive information.

Which process is used by large retailers to study trends?

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Large retailers use data mining to study trends. Data mining is the process of analyzing large amounts of data and identifying patterns and trends in that data to make informed decisions. This can involve looking at customer behavior, sales data, market trends, and other types of data to gain insights into what products are popular, what customers are looking for, and how the market is changing. The goal of data mining is to help retailers make informed decisions about their business and stay ahead of the competition.

Another word for booting is

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Another word for booting is "starting". Booting refers to the process of turning on a computer or device and initiating the operating system so that it is ready to run applications and perform other tasks. During the boot process, the computer performs a series of operations, such as checking hardware components, initializing software, and loading system files into memory. Once this process is complete, the computer is considered "started" and the user can begin using it. Therefore, starting is an appropriate alternative term for booting.

What is considered the brain of the computer?

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The brain of the computer is considered to be the "Central Processing Unit" (CPU). The CPU is the primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing and calculations required to run programs and applications. It is responsible for executing instructions and controlling the operations of the computer's other hardware components, such as the memory, input/output devices, and storage devices. The CPU is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer because it performs many of the same functions that the human brain does, such as processing information, making decisions, and controlling the body (or in the case of the computer, the hardware components). It is located on the motherboard of the computer, and it consists of a small chip that contains millions of transistors and circuits that work together to perform calculations and operations at incredible speeds. While the monitor/display screen, mouse, and printer are all important components of a computer system, they do not serve the same function as the CPU. The monitor/display screen displays the output from the computer, the mouse is an input device used to control the cursor on the screen, and the printer is a device used to produce hardcopy output from the computer.

What type of errors occurs when the program is asked to implement an impossible task such as dividing a number by zero?

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Dividing a number by zero is an impossible mathematical operation, which leads to a type of error called an "Arithmetic error". When a program encounters such an operation, it is unable to perform the calculation, and it generates an error message to indicate the issue. Arithmetic errors are a type of runtime error because they occur during the execution of the program, rather than during the compilation or writing of the code (syntax errors). Logical errors are different from arithmetic errors because they occur when the program's logic is flawed, leading to incorrect results. So, in summary, dividing by zero results in an arithmetic error because it is a mathematical impossibility that cannot be computed.

What is the full form of UDP?

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The full form of UDP is User Datagram Protocol. It is a communication protocol used for sending and receiving data over the internet. UDP is a lightweight, connectionless protocol that operates at the Transport layer of the Internet Protocol (IP) suite. Unlike TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which guarantees delivery of data, UDP does not provide any guarantees regarding delivery or sequencing of packets. Instead, UDP is often used for applications that require faster data transfer, such as video streaming or online gaming, where small amounts of lost data are acceptable. The "User Datagram" part of the name refers to the fact that UDP sends data in the form of datagrams, which are discrete chunks of data that are sent as individual packets. The "Protocol" part of the name indicates that UDP is a set of rules and procedures that govern how data is transmitted and received over a network. In summary, UDP is a fast and lightweight protocol used for sending data over the internet. Its name reflects the fact that it operates using datagrams and is a protocol for communication.

Computer Monitor is also known as

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A computer monitor is also known as a VDU, which stands for "Visual Display Unit." This is because the monitor is responsible for displaying the visual output of the computer, allowing you to see the information, images, videos, and graphics that are generated by the computer's software. The VDU or monitor is an essential part of any computer setup, and without it, you wouldn't be able to interact with your computer in a meaningful way. So, in short, a computer monitor and a VDU are the same thing! As for the other options, DVU, UVD, and CCTV are not commonly used terms for a computer monitor.

Types of software programs are

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both A and B

Which of the following is a computer not used for?

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A computer can be used for entertainment, information, and social media, so the answer is "none of the above". Computers are versatile machines that can perform a wide variety of tasks, including playing games, streaming videos, accessing news and other information, and connecting with others on social media platforms. While some computers may be designed or optimized for certain types of tasks, such as gaming or video editing, all computers are capable of handling entertainment, information, and social media to some extent. Therefore, the answer to this question is that there is no option that describes something a computer cannot be used for among the given choices.

Numerous files are referred to as _____________

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Numerous files are referred to as "files". A file is a collection of data or information that is stored on a computer or other electronic device. Files can come in many different formats, such as documents, images, music, and videos. They are used to store information that can be easily accessed, edited, and shared. For example, a word processing document is a type of file that can be used to write and edit text, while an image file can be used to store and display photos. Files are often organized into folders, which are like virtual folders or directories that help you keep your files organized and easily accessible. You can create folders, move files between folders, and even rename or delete files and folders.