JAMB UTME - Mathematics - 2008

A binary operation on the real set of numbers excluding -1 is such that for all m, n ∈ R, mΔn = m+n+mn. Find the identity element of the operation.

Maelezo ya Majibu

mΔn = m+n+mn
Let e be the identity element
∴mΔe = eΔm = m
m+e+me = m
e+me = m-m
e+me = 0
e(1+m) = 0
e = 0 / (1+m)
e = 0

If sinθ = 3/5. Find Tanθ

Maelezo ya Majibu

sinθ = 3/5
x2 = 52 - 32

The cost of kerosine per liter increase from N60 to N85. What is the percentage rate of increase?

Maelezo ya Majibu

N85 - N60 = N25 increase
∴ percentage increase =$\frac{25}{60}\times \frac{100}{1}=\frac{125}{3}=41.67\%=42\%$

The fifth term of an A.P is 24 and the eleventh term is 96. Find the first term.

Maelezo ya Majibu

U5 = 24, n = 5 and U11 = 96, n = 11
Un = a + (n-1)d
24 = a + (5-1)d imply 24 = a+4d .....eqn1
96 = a + (11-1)d imply 96 = a+10d ...eqn2
eqn1 - eqn2 -72 = -6d
d = 72/6 = 12
but 24 = a+4d
24 = a + 4(12)
24 = a + 48
a = 24-48
a = -24

Evaluate ${\int }_1^2(6x^2-2x)dx$

Maelezo ya Majibu

${\int }_1^2(6x^2-2x)dx=[\frac{6x^3}{3}-\frac{2x^2}{2}{]}_1^2=[2x^3-x^2{]}_1^2$
= [2(2)3 - (2)2] – [2(1)3 - (1)2]
= [16-4] – [2-1]
= 12 – 1
= 11

A book seller sells Mathematics and English books. If 30 customers buy Mathematics books, 20 customers buy English books and 10 customers buy the two books, How many customers has he altogether.

Maelezo ya Majibu

n(M) only = 30-10 = 20
n(E) only = 20-10 = 10
n(M∩E) = 10
∴M∪E = 20+10+10
= 40

Find the number of ways of selecting 6 out of 10 subjects for an examination

Maelezo ya Majibu

Evaluate ${\int }_{\frac{-\pi }{2}}^{\frac{\pi }{2}}cosxdx$

Maelezo ya Majibu

${\int }_{\frac{-\pi }{2}}^{\frac{\pi }{2}}cosxdx=[sinx{]}_{\frac{-\pi }{2}}^{\frac{\pi }{2}}=sin\frac{\pi }{2}-sin\frac{-\pi }{2}$
= sin90 – sin-90
= sin90 – sin270
= 1 – (-1)
= 1+1
= 2

Find the gradient of a line which is perpendicular to the line with the equation 3x + 2y + 1 = 0

Maelezo ya Majibu

3X + 2Y + 1 = 0
2Y = -3X - 1
$\frac{-3}{2}X-\frac{1}{2}$
Gradient of 3X + 2Y +1 = 0 is -3/2
Gradient of a line perpendicular to 3X + 2Y + 1 = 0
$=-1÷\frac{3}{2}=-1\times \frac{-2}{3}=\frac{2}{3}$

Factorize complete;y (4x+3y)2 - (3x-2y)2

Maelezo ya Majibu

(4x+3y)2 - (3x-2y)2
(4x+3y+3x-2y)(4x+3y-(3x-2y))
(4x+3y+3x-2y)(4x+3y-3x+2y)
(x+5y)(7x+y)

The result of rolling a fair die 150 times is as summarized in the table given.

$\begin{array}{ccccccc}\text{Number}& 1& 2& 3& 4& 5& 6\\ \text{Frequency}& 12& 18& x& 30& 2x& 45\end{array}$

What is the probability of obtaining a 5?

Maelezo ya Majibu

$\begin{array}{ccccccc}Number& 1& 2& 3& 4& 5& 6\\ Frequency& 12& 18& x& 30& 2x& 45\end{array}$
12 + 18 + x + 30 + 2x + 45 = 150
3x + 105 = 150
3x = 150 - 105
3x = 45
x = $\frac{45}{3}$
x = 15
probability of 5 = $\frac{30}{150}$
= $\frac{1}{5}$

Find the area of the figure given

Maelezo ya Majibu

Area of semicircle + Area of rectangle

A = $\frac{1}{2}\pi r^2$ + LB

A = $\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{22}{77}\times (\frac{5}{2}{)}^2+(15\times 5)$

= $\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{22}{7}\times \frac{25}{4}+75$

A = $\frac{275}{28}+\frac{75}{1}$

$\frac{275+2100}{28}=\frac{2375}{28}$

A = 84.8cm2

Find the minimum value of the function y = x(1+x)

Maelezo ya Majibu

The probability of picking a letter T fr4om the word OBSTRUCTION is

Maelezo ya Majibu

OBSTRUCTION
Total possible outcome = 11
Number of chance of getting T = 2
P(picking T) = 2/11

Find the mean deviation of 2, 4, 5, and 9

Maelezo ya Majibu

X = 20/4
= 5
mean deviation = 8/4 = 2

If X = {n2 + 1:n = 0,2,3} and Y = {n+1:n=2,3,5}, find X∩Y.

Maelezo ya Majibu

X = {1,5,10}
Y = {3,4,6}
X∩Y = ∅

Evaluate $\frac{(\frac{3}{8}÷\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2})}{(\frac{1}{8}\times \frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3})}$

Maelezo ya Majibu

Make Q the subject of formula when $L=\frac{4}{3}M\sqrt{PQ}$

Maelezo ya Majibu

simplify ${16}^{\frac{-1}{2}}\times 4^{\frac{-1}{2}}\times {27}^{\frac{1}{3}}$

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the diagram above ∠OPQ is

Maelezo ya Majibu

a = a(base ∠s of Iss Δ)
∴ a+a+74 = 180
2a + 74 = 180
2a = 180-74
2a = 106
a = 53
∴∠OPQ = 53${}^{\circ }$

Add 11012,101112 and 1112

Maelezo ya Majibu

11012 + 101112 + 1112 = 101011

Find the area of the figure above

[π = 22/7]

Maelezo ya Majibu

Area of the figure = Area of rect + area of semi circle
$=L\times h+\frac{1}{2}\pi r^{2}5\times 15+\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{22}{7}\times {\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)}^2=75+\frac{(22\times 25)}{2\times 7}=75+9\frac{23}{28}=84.8cm$

The result of rolling a fair die 150 times is ass summarized in the table above. What is the probability of obtaining a 5

Maelezo ya Majibu

Total possible outcome
12+18+x+30+2x+45 = 105+3x
∴105+3x = 150
3x = 150-105
3x = 45
x = 15
P(obtaining 5) =$\frac{2x}{(105+3x)}Butx=15=\frac{2\left(15\right)}{(105+3(15\left)\right)}=\frac{30}{(105+45)}=\frac{30}{150}=\frac{1}{5}$

In the diagram, find the size of the angle marked ao

Maelezo ya Majibu

2 x s = 280o(Angle at centre = 2 x < at circum)

S = $\frac{{280}^o}{2}$

= 140

< O = 360 - 280 = 80o

60 + 80 + 140 + a = 360o

(< in a quad); 280 = a = 360

a = 360 - 280

a = 80o

Find the capacity in liters of a cylindrical well of radius 1 meter and depth 14 meters

[π = 22/7]

Maelezo ya Majibu

V = πr2h
1m = 100cm
14cm = 1400cm
$\therefore V=\frac{22}{7}\times \frac{100x100x1400}{1000}=44,000liters$

The bar chart shows the number of times the word a, and, in, it, he, to appear in a paragraph in a book. What is the ratio of the least frequent word?

Maelezo ya Majibu

If $\frac{1+\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{2}}$ is expressed in the form of x+y√2 find the values of x and y

Maelezo ya Majibu

The bar chart above shows the number of times the word a, and , in, it, the , to appear in a paragraph in a book. What is the ratio of the least frequent word?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Ratio of least to most = 3:12
= 3/12
= 1/4

What is the mean of the data t, 2t-1, t-2, 2t-1, 4t and 2t+2?

Maelezo ya Majibu

If 2x2 - kx - 12 is divisible by x-4, Find the value of k.

Maelezo ya Majibu

2x2 - kx - 12 is divisible by x-4
implies x is a factor ∴ x = 4
f(4) implies 2(4)2 - k(4) - 12 = 0
32 - 4k - 12 = 0
-4k + 20 = 0
-4k = -20
k = 5

In the diagram < OPQ is

Maelezo ya Majibu

Find the median of 4, 1, 4, 1, 0, 4, 4, 2 and 0

Maelezo ya Majibu

If x > 0, find the range of number x-3, 3x+2,x-1, 4x, 2x-1, x-2, 2x-2, 3x and 3x+1

Maelezo ya Majibu

x-3, 3x+2,x-1, 4x, 2x-1, x-2, 2x-2, 3x, 3x+1
Range = 3x+2 - (x-3)
= 3x+2 - x - 3
= 2x + 5

If 125x = 2010 find x

Maelezo ya Majibu

125x = 20
1xX2 + 2xX1 + 5xX0 = 20
X2 + 2X + 5 = 20
X2 + 2X - 15 = 0
(X + 5)( X - 3) = 0
X + 5 implies X = -5
X - 3 implies X = 3
But X cannot be negative
∴X = 3

If tan $\theta$ = $\frac{5}{4}$ find sin2$\theta$ - cos2$\theta$

Maelezo ya Majibu

(tan $\theta$ = $\frac{opp}{adj}$)
|AB|2 = 52 + 42 $\to$ |AB|2 = 41
$\to$ AB = $\sqrt{41}$ sin2$\theta$ - cos2$\theta$
$\to$ $\frac{5^2}{\sqrt{41}}$ - (${\frac{4}{\sqrt{41}}}^2$) = $\frac{25}{41}$ - $\frac{16}{41}$
= ($\frac{9}{41}$)

If logx1/264 = 3, find the value of x

Maelezo ya Majibu

If logx1/264 = 3
(X 1/2)3 = 64
(X 1/2)3 = 4 3
X 1/2 = 4
X = 42
X = 16

If x - 3 is directly proportional to the square of y and x = 5 when y =2, find x when y = 6.

Maelezo ya Majibu

(x – 3) ∝ y2
X-3 = Ky2
K = X-3 / y2
= 5-2/22
= 2/4
= 1/2
∴X-3 = 1/2y2
X-3 = 1/2(6)2
X-3 = 1/2 x 30/1
X-3 = 18
X = 21

Differentiate sin x - x cos x

Maelezo ya Majibu

sin x - x cos x
dy/dx = cos x - [1.cos x + x -sin x]
= co x - [cos x - x sin x]
= cos x - cos x + x sin x
= x sin x

A binary operation * is defined on the set of positive integers is such x*y = 2x-3y+2 for all positive integers x and y. The binary operation is

Maelezo ya Majibu

X * Y = 2X - 3Y + 2
2*3 = 2(2) - 3(3) + 2
=4-9+2
= -3
But -3 does not belong to positive integer

If p = varies inversely as the square of q and p=8 when q=4, find when p=32

Maelezo ya Majibu

P ∝ 1/q
P = k/q
K = q2P
= 428
∴P = 128/q
32 = 128/q
q2 = 128/32
q2 = 4
q = √4 = +/-2

The locus of a point equidistant from two points p(6,2) and R(4,2) is a perpendicular bisector of PR passing through

Maelezo ya Majibu

Which of the following angles is an exterior angle of a regular polygon?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Find the derivative of $y=\frac{x^7-x^5}{x^4}$

Maelezo ya Majibu

calculate the simple interest on N6,500 for 8 years at 5% per annum.

Maelezo ya Majibu

Express 1223456 to 3 significant figures

Maelezo ya Majibu

The solution of the quadratic inequality (x2 + x - 12) $\ge$ 0 is

Maelezo ya Majibu

(x2 + x - 12) $\ge$ 0 , (x - 3)(x + 4) $\ge$ 0
For the condition to hold, each of (x - 3) and (x + 4) must be of the same sign
.i.e. x - 3 $\ge$ 0 and x + 4 $\ge$ 0
or x - 3$\le$ 0 and x + 4 $\le$ 0
when x $\ge$ 3, the condition is satisfied
when x $\ge$ -4, the condition is not satisfied.
when x $\le$ 3, the condition is not satisfied
when x $\le$ -4 , the condition is not satisfied. Thus, the solution of the inequality is x $\ge$ 3 or x $\le$ -4 ,

Find the minimum value of X2 - 3x + 2 for all real values of x

Maelezo ya Majibu

y = X2 - 3x + 2, $\frac{dy}{dx}$ = 2x - 3
at turning pt, $\frac{dy}{dx}$ = 0
∴ 2x - 3 = 0
∴ x = $\frac{3}{2}$
$\frac{d^{2}y}{d{x}^2}$ = $\frac{d}{dx}$($\frac{d}{dx}$)
= 270
∴ ymin = 2$\frac{3}{2}$ - 3$\frac{3}{2}$ + 2
= $\frac{9}{4}$ - $\frac{9}{2}$ + 2
= -$\frac{1}{4}$

In how many ways can the letters of the word ACCEPTANCE be arranged?

Maelezo ya Majibu

ACCEPTANCE = 10 Letters
A = 2 letters
C = 3 letters
E = 2 letters
Can be arranged in 10! / (2!3!2!) ways

Find the range of values of x which satisfy the inequalities 4x - 7 $\le$ 3x and 3x - 4 $\le$ 4x

Maelezo ya Majibu

4X - 7 $\le$ 3X and 3X - 4 $\le$ 4X
4X - 3X $\le$ 7 and 3X - 4X $\le$ 4
X $\le$ 7 and -X $\le$ 4 = X $\ge$ -4
Range -4 $\le$ x $\le$ 7

Solve the quadratic inequalities x2 - 5x + 6 ≥0

Maelezo ya Majibu

x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
(X-2)(X-3) = 0
X-2 = 0 implies X = 2
X-3 = 0 implies X = 3
∴ x ≤ 2, x ≥ 3