JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2021

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Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, was killed at the Battle of Badr. The Battle of Badr was a significant battle in Islamic history and was fought in 624 CE between the Muslims of Medina, led by Prophet Muhammad, and the Quraysh of Mecca. Hamzah was a strong and brave warrior, and he was one of the earliest converts to Islam. He was also a staunch supporter of Prophet Muhammad, and he played an important role in the early Islamic community. During the battle of Badr, Hamzah led a contingent of Muslim soldiers and fought bravely. However, he was eventually killed by a spear thrown by a man named Wahshi, who had been promised his freedom in exchange for killing Hamzah. His death was a great loss to the Muslim community, and it was a source of great grief to Prophet Muhammad. In summary, Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, was killed at the Battle of Badr. Hamzah was an early convert to Islam and a strong supporter of Prophet Muhammad, and his death was a great loss to the Muslim community.

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The following are exempt from fasting except the rich man. Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is a period of abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs from dawn until sunset during the month of Ramadan. In Islam, there are several groups of people who are exempt from fasting, including: - The insane person - The menstruating person - The sick person These individuals are exempt from fasting because they are physically or mentally unable to do so. However, a rich man is not exempt from fasting and is expected to fast unless he is physically or mentally unable to do so. Fasting is considered to be a personal act of worship and devotion, and it is expected of all adult Muslims who are able to do so.

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Bilal bin Rabah was the first person to accept Islam amongst the slaves. Bilal was an Abyssinian slave who was brought to Mecca and was owned by Umayyah bin Khalaf. When Prophet Muhammad started preaching Islam in Mecca, Bilal was one of the first people to accept the message of monotheism and became a Muslim. However, his conversion to Islam led to severe torture and persecution from his master, who tried to force him to abandon his new faith. Despite the torture and punishment, Bilal remained steadfast in his faith and refused to renounce Islam. His unwavering faith and loyalty to Islam became a source of inspiration for many early Muslims and his story remains a testament to the perseverance and strength of faith.

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Maelezo ya Majibu

Suratul Asr has three verses. The surah is the 103rd chapter of the Quran and is one of the shortest chapters. The surah emphasizes the importance of time and encourages believers to use their time wisely and engage in good deeds.

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Fulfillment of promises in Islam is considered a compulsory and integral part of one's faith and character. Keeping promises is not only a moral obligation but also a religious duty for Muslims. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) emphasized the importance of keeping one's word and fulfilling promises in various sayings and actions. In Islam, breaking a promise is considered a sin and a sign of dishonesty and untrustworthiness. It damages one's credibility and reputation, and it may cause harm to others. Therefore, Muslims are encouraged to be truthful and trustworthy and to fulfill their promises to the best of their ability. On the other hand, making promises that cannot be fulfilled or promising something with the intention of not fulfilling it is prohibited in Islam. It is considered a form of deception and dishonesty, and it may lead to negative consequences in this life and the Hereafter. In conclusion, fulfilling promises is not only a moral obligation but also a religious duty in Islam. It is compulsory for Muslims to keep their word and fulfill their promises to the best of their ability, and breaking promises is prohibited and considered a sin in Islam.

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Maelezo ya Majibu

The term that is not related to Hadith is "Makruh." - Da'if refers to a weak Hadith, i.e., a narration that has some flaw in its chain of transmission or content. - Hasan refers to a good Hadith, i.e., a narration that is reliable but not as strong as Sahih Hadith. - Isnad refers to the chain of narrators in a Hadith, i.e., the series of people who transmitted the narration from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) to the compiler of the Hadith. - Makruh refers to actions that are disliked or discouraged in Islam but not necessarily prohibited. It is not a term related to Hadith specifically.

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In the Qur'an 109, Allah (SWT) says: I do not worship that which you worship. This verse is part of Surat al-Kafirun, which is a chapter of the Qur'an that addresses the idea of monotheism and the rejection of false gods and idol worship. In this verse, Allah is declaring that He does not worship the false gods and idols that others may worship. This declaration underscores the importance of monotheism in Islam and the belief in the oneness of God. The message of this verse is that Allah is the only true deity and that all other forms of worship are false and misguided.

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A Muslim is advised to say "ghufraanak" when leaving the toilet. This phrase means "I seek your forgiveness" and it is said to show gratitude to Allah for relieving oneself and seeking forgiveness for any wrongdoings or sins committed.

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Maelezo ya Majibu

Suratul Asr consists of three verses. Suratul Asr is the 103rd chapter of the Qur'an, and it is one of the shortest chapters in the entire scripture. It contains a powerful message about the value of time and the importance of righteous deeds. The three verses of Suratul Asr are as follows: "By time, indeed, mankind is in loss, except for those who have believed and done righteous deeds and advised each other to truth and advised each other to patience." [Qur'an 103:1-3] The chapter emphasizes the importance of using time wisely to engage in good deeds and encouraging others to do the same, as that is the path to salvation.

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Subhana Rabbiyal' Azim wa bi Hamdihi is recited in Ruku' during the prayer (Salah) in Islam. Ruku' is a bowing posture where the hands are placed on the knees, and the recitation of Subhana Rabbiyal' Azim wa bi Hamdihi is one of the supplications that are recommended to be recited during this posture. The phrase means "Glory be to my Lord the Almighty, and praise be to Him," and it is a way to express one's submission, gratitude, and awe towards Allah (SWT) during the prayer. The recitation of this phrase is considered a form of dhikr (remembrance of Allah) and a way to increase one's spiritual connection with Allah.

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The fasting of Tasu'a and Ashura are observed in the month of Muharram. Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is considered one of the four sacred months. The tenth day of Muharram is known as the Day of Ashura, which is a significant day for Muslims. Tasu'a is the ninth day of Muharram, which is a day of mourning for some Muslims in commemoration of the death of Prophet Muhammad's grandson, Imam Hussein. Some Muslims observe a voluntary fast on this day as a sign of respect and mourning. Ashura is the tenth day of Muharram, which is a more significant day of remembrance for Muslims. It is the day on which Prophet Moses fasted in gratitude to God for saving the Israelites from the Pharaoh, and it is also the day on which Imam Hussein and his companions were martyred. Some Muslims fast on this day as a sign of gratitude and remembrance. In summary, the fasting of Tasu'a and Ashura are observed in the month of Muharram, which is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is a significant month for Muslims.

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Hadith No. 2 of al-Nawawi's collection was transmitted by Bukhari and Muslim. Both Bukhari and Muslim are well-known hadith scholars and their collections are considered among the most authentic hadith collections in Islam. They meticulously collected and verified hadiths through a rigorous process of authentication, ensuring the reliability and authenticity of the hadiths they included in their collections.

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Kalimatus-shahadah, also known as the declaration of faith, is the key to enter Islam. It is the statement that affirms the oneness of Allah (God) and the prophethood of Muhammad (SAW). The statement is, "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." By reciting this statement with sincerity and conviction, a person becomes a Muslim. The Kalimatus-shahadah is the first pillar of Islam and is considered the most important testimony of faith in the religion. It serves as the foundation of all other practices and beliefs in Islam. By declaring the oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad, a Muslim acknowledges the authority of Allah and accepts the guidance of His Prophet. In summary, Kalimatus-shahadah is the declaration of faith that affirms the oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad. By reciting this statement, a person enters the religion of Islam and acknowledges the authority of Allah and the guidance of His Prophet.

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Ghusl after the stoppage of menstrual blood is called "Ghusl al-Hayd." "Hayd" refers to menstrual blood. "Ghusl" is an Arabic word for full-body ritual washing, which is a requirement in Islamic hygiene. The purpose of Ghusl al-Hayd is to purify the body after menstruation. The other terms you mentioned, "Janabah," "Janazah," and "Mayyit," refer to different concepts in Islamic practice. "Janabah" refers to a state of ritual impurity that occurs after sexual intercourse or ejaculation. "Janazah" refers to a funeral prayer and the rituals that accompany it. "Mayyit" means "dead person." So, "Ghusl al-Hayd" is specifically related to the purification after menstrual blood, and not related to these other concepts.

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The Surah in the Quran that specifically encourages the acquisition of knowledge is Surat Al-'Alaq. It is the 96th chapter in the Quran and is also known as "The Clot" or "The Clinging Clot." This Surah emphasizes the importance of seeking knowledge and education, as the first verse revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was "Read! In the name of your Lord who created." Thus, Muslims believe that seeking knowledge is an important part of their faith, and Surat Al-'Alaq serves as a reminder of this principle. The other Surahs listed in the question do not specifically address the issue of seeking knowledge.

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Taharah simply means purification. Taharah is an Arabic word that refers to the concept of purification in Islam. This includes physical, spiritual, and moral purification. In Islamic practice, taharah is considered to be a fundamental aspect of worship and is required before performing certain acts of worship, such as prayer. This can involve washing the hands, mouth, nose, face, arms, head, and feet, as well as performing full-body ablutions. The purpose of taharah is to cleanse the body and mind and to prepare for the act of worship, demonstrating one's devotion and submission to God.

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The Diwan is not among the revealed books. The Diwan is a collection of poems or literary works, and it is not a religious scripture. The other options, including the Injil (Gospel), Qur'an, and Tawrah (Torah), are considered revealed books in Islam. The Injil is the Gospel that was revealed to Prophet Isa (Jesus), the Qur'an is the final revelation to Prophet Muhammad, and the Tawrah is the first of the revealed books, which was given to Prophet Musa (Moses).

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According to Islamic belief, Jinns were created out of fire. They are supernatural beings that are mentioned in the Quran and believed to be created by Allah. The word "Jinn" is derived from an Arabic word that means "to hide" or "to conceal". It is believed that they have free will and can be good or evil. They are invisible to humans but have the ability to see humans and interact with them.

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Maelezo ya Majibu

The revelation of al-Quran started in 610 CE. This event occurred in the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. The revelation started when Prophet Muhammad, at the age of 40, received the first verses of the Quran through the Angel Gabriel while he was meditating in a cave on the outskirts of Mecca, which is now known as the Cave of Hira. The Quran is the holy book of Islam, and its revelation to Prophet Muhammad is considered a central event in Islamic history. The revelation took place over a period of 23 years, with verses being revealed to the Prophet in various locations in and around Mecca and Medina. In summary, the revelation of al-Quran started in 610 CE, during the month of Ramadan, when Prophet Muhammad received the first verses of the Quran through the Angel Gabriel while he was meditating in a cave in Mecca.

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The prayer that has a complete silent recitation is Zuhr. In Zuhr prayer, the first two Rak'ahs (units of prayer) are performed with audible recitation of Surah Al-Fatiha and another Surah from the Quran, while the last two Rak'ahs are performed with a complete silent recitation. During the silent recitation, the recitation of Surah Al-Fatiha and another Surah are recited softly, in a way that only the person praying can hear themselves. This is in contrast to the audible recitation of the first two Rak'ahs, where the recitation is performed in a louder voice. The reason for the complete silent recitation in the last two Rak'ahs of Zuhr prayer is to emphasize the importance of being mindful and focused in prayer, even in a silent state. This is a reminder to the person praying that the prayer is a conversation between them and Allah, and they should strive to maintain concentration and devotion throughout the prayer.

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The phrase "Fal'ya budu Rabba hadhal Bayt" is an Arabic phrase that is taken from Surat Al-Fil, which means "let them worship the Lord of this house." In this surah, Allah recounts the story of how He saved the Kaaba from the attack of Abraha and his army of elephants, and thus emphasizes the importance of worshipping the One and Only God. The phrase "Fal'ya budu Rabba hadhal Bayt" serves as a reminder to the believers that the Kaaba is a sacred place of worship that should be dedicated solely to the worship of Allah, and that all acts of worship should be directed towards Him alone.

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A female Muslim should cover all her body except her palm and face. The requirement for modest dress for Muslim women is mentioned in the Qur'an and Hadith. While there are differences in interpretation among scholars, the majority agree that women should cover their entire body except for their face and hands. This is based on the principle of modesty and the importance of safeguarding one's physical appearance from the gaze of others. Some Muslim women also choose to cover their face with a veil or niqab as an additional expression of their faith and commitment to modesty.

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Lailatul Qadr is found in the month of Ramadan. Lailatul Qadr, also known as the Night of Power, is a special night that is considered to be one of the holiest and most significant nights in Islam. It is believed to have taken place during the last ten nights of the month of Ramadan, which is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Ramadan is a time of fasting, prayer, and reflection for Muslims, and Lailatul Qadr is considered to be the most special night of the month. It is believed that on this night the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad and that it is a night of great blessings and mercy from Allah.

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Pilgrims combine Maghrib and Isha prayers in Muzdalifah. Muzdalifah is a plain east of Mina and west of Arafat in Saudi Arabia. It is a significant location for pilgrims who are performing Hajj, the annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca. As part of the Hajj rituals, pilgrims are required to spend a night at Muzdalifah after performing the standing (wuquf) at Arafat. In Muzdalifah, they combine Maghrib and Isha prayers by praying them together at the time of Isha, with a single Adhan and two separate Iqamahs. This is based on the practice of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who combined these two prayers during his pilgrimage. The combination of these two prayers is an exception made for pilgrims during Hajj and is not a regular practice in daily prayers. In summary, pilgrims combine Maghrib and Isha prayers in Muzdalifah during the Hajj pilgrimage. This is based on the practice of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and is an exception made for pilgrims during Hajj.

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According to Hadith No. 23 of al-Nawawi's collections, cleanliness is said to be half of faith. This means that maintaining cleanliness and hygiene is extremely important in Islam and is considered to be a fundamental aspect of one's faith. It is believed that cleanliness is not only important for physical well-being but also for spiritual purity. Therefore, Muslims are encouraged to keep themselves and their surroundings clean and tidy, as it is a reflection of their faith and a way to show gratitude to Allah for the blessings of health and hygiene.

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