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Pergunta 1 Relatório
The number of vertebrae in the human vertebral column is
Detalhes da Resposta
The human vertebral column, also known as the spine or backbone, consists of a series of bones called vertebrae. These vertebrae are stacked on top of each other and are categorized into different regions. There are a total of 33 vertebrae in the human vertebral column.
Here's a simple breakdown:
Therefore, when you add up these vertebrae (7 cervical + 12 thoracic + 5 lumbar + 5 sacral + 4 coccygeal), you get a total of 33 vertebrae in the human vertebral column. It's important to note that while the sacral and coccygeal vertebrae are often fused together, they are still counted separately when totaling the number of vertebrae.
Pergunta 2 Relatório
A trait that is always expressed during crossing of hereditary characteristics is
Detalhes da Resposta
When discussing the crossing of hereditary characteristics, a trait that is always expressed is known as a dominant trait. In genetics, traits are determined by genes, and each trait has two alleles, one from each parent. Alleles can either be dominant or recessive.
Dominant traits are those that are expressed in the organism's phenotype when at least one allele for the trait is dominant. This means that even if the organism has one dominant and one recessive allele for a trait, the dominant trait will take precedence and be observed in the individual.
Conversely, a recessive trait is only manifested in the phenotype if both alleles for that trait are recessive. Therefore, when a dominant allele is present, it will mask the expression of a recessive allele, resulting in the dominance of the trait in question.
For example, if a plant has one allele for tall height (dominant) and one for short height (recessive), the plant will appear tall because the tall allele is dominant.
Pergunta 3 Relatório
Hemophilia in humans is controlled by the
Detalhes da Resposta
Hemophilia in humans is controlled by a recessive gene found on the X chromosome. This means that the gene responsible for hemophilia is not dominant and it is located on one of the sex chromosomes, specifically the X chromosome.
Here is how it works:
In conclusion, hemophilia is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait. This explains why it is more commonly observed in males than in females.
Pergunta 4 Relatório
Use the diagram above to answer the question that follows:
Recombination of genes at fertilization is represented by the part labelled
Detalhes da Resposta
During prophase I, homologous chromosomes from each parent pair up and exchange genetic material, a process known as crossing over. This process creates new combinations of genes in the resulting gametes. When two gametes unite during fertilization, the offspring will have a unique combination of DNA.
Genetic recombination during fertilization takes place in the prophase I stage of meiosis ( part labelled III)
Pergunta 5 Relatório
Use the diagram to answer the question that follows
The flower of plants belongs to part labelled
Detalhes da Resposta
The flower is the reproductive organ of a plant. It is a plant organ, which is defined as a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.
Pergunta 6 Relatório
One of the following is a courtship behaviour in animals
Detalhes da Resposta
Courtship behavior in animals is a complex set of actions and rituals that animals perform to attract a mate and ensure reproduction. Among the given options, the behavior most directly related to courtship is display.
Why is display a courtship behavior?
A display involves a series of movements, sounds, visual appearances, or other activities performed by animals to attract a mate. These displays are meant to show off the animal's strength, health, genetic quality, and overall suitability as a mate. For example, peacocks spread their colorful feathers to attract peahens, while many bird species might sing or dance.
The purpose of such displays is to communicate information and signals to potential mates, enhancing the chances of successful mating. These displays often indicate the physical and genetic fitness of the individual performing them, allowing potential mates to choose who to pair up with best. Therefore, display is directly associated with attracting mates and is considered a courtship behavior.
Pergunta 7 Relatório
The web-feet of frogs and toads is basically for
Detalhes da Resposta
The **web-feet** of frogs and toads are primarily for **swimming**. Frogs and toads have webbed feet, which means their toes are connected by a thin membrane. This structure acts like a paddle, allowing them to push against water more effectively and move with greater ease and speed when they swim.
**Webbed feet** increase the surface area of their feet, providing more propulsion through the water, much like the way a duck's or other aquatic animal's webbed feet work. While they may also use their feet for other activities like **leaping** and **walking**, the primary adaptation and evolutionary advantage of having webbed feet is to enhance their ability to **swim** efficiently. Swimming is essential for frogs and toads because many of them live near water bodies and often have to escape predators, hunt for food, or move between land and water habitats.
Pergunta 8 Relatório
Use the diagram above to answer the question that follows
What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring produced in F1 generation?
Detalhes da Resposta
When dealing with genetics, the genotypic ratio of offspring, particularly in the F1 generation, typically refers to the relative number of different genotypic combinations resulting from a genetic cross. To determine this ratio, it helps to construct a Punnett square, which is a grid that considers all possible combinations of parental genes.
In this specific scenario, although the diagram is not provided here, the genotypic ratio will depend on the types of alleles involved in the F1 generation. Most commonly in simple monohybrid crosses, if you're crossing two heterozygous organisms (e.g., Aa x Aa), the expected genotypic ratio is:
Therefore, the genotypic ratio of the offspring produced in the F1 generation is 1:2:1.
The reasoning is straightforward: Each parent can contribute either one of two alleles. When combined in the F1 generation, they complete a set that falls into the three categories mentioned. Thus, when considering the options provided, the correct genotypic ratio for such a monohybrid cross is indeed 1:2:1.
Pergunta 9 Relatório
Energy transfer in plants and animals are in the form of
Detalhes da Resposta
In both plants and animals, **energy transfer** primarily occurs in the form of **Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)**. To understand this, let's break it down simply:
1. **What is ATP?** ATP is a molecule that stores and carries energy within cells. Think of it as a small packet or currency of energy that is used to power various cellular processes. The energy is stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups, and when a bond is broken, energy is released to do work in the cell.
2. **How is ATP used in plants?** In plants, ATP is produced during the process of photosynthesis in the chloroplasts. Sunlight energy is captured and used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. Plants then use ATP to synthesize essential components like glucose, which further fuels various necessary activities of the plant.
3. **How is ATP used in animals?** In animals, ATP is primarily produced during cellular respiration in the mitochondria. Animals consume glucose, and through cellular respiration, they convert it into ATP by using oxygen. This ATP provides the energy needed for various functions such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and biosynthetic reactions.
Other molecules like **DNA**, **RNA**, and **GTP** play different roles. DNA stores genetic information, RNA is involved in protein synthesis, and GTP is another energy molecule, but it is primarily used in specific signaling pathways and protein synthesis. ATP remains the main molecule for energy transfer in most cellular activities.
In summary, ATP is the **key energy carrier** in both plants and animals, facilitating essential life processes that require energy.
Pergunta 10 Relatório
Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the principle of
Detalhes da Resposta
Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the principle of natural selection. This concept explains how species change over time in response to their environment.
Here's a simple way to understand it: In any given environment, there are more individuals born than can survive. These individuals vary slightly in their traits, such as color, size, speed, etc. Some of these variations might give an individual a slight edge in the environment, helping them to survive better or reproduce more than others. For example, a faster rabbit might escape predators more successfully than slower ones.
These advantageous traits are more likely to be passed down to the next generation. Over many generations, these beneficial traits become more common in the population. This process is known as natural selection because it "selects" the traits that best suit the environment. Consequently, the species slowly evolves and adapts to their surroundings.
The key point is that natural selection is a gradual process driven by the survival and reproduction of individuals with favorable traits in a specific environment. Unlike the other options, it doesn't rely on the use or disuse of organs, the inheritance of acquired characteristics during an individual's life, or sudden genetic changes known as mutations.
Pergunta 11 Relatório
Pentadactyl forelimb of vertebrate function due to differences in environment is
Detalhes da Resposta
A pentadactyl forelimb in vertebrates, meaning a forelimb with five digits, serves a variety of functions depending on the animal's environment, showcasing how a single basic structure can be adapted through evolution to suit different needs, like swimming, flying, running, or grasping, all while maintaining the underlying five-digit pattern as a result of shared ancestry.
Physiological evidence is an evidence of evolution that deals with the functions of body parts among different species. For example, analogous structures are body parts of different species that have a similar function but can look different.
Moreover, physiological evidence focuses on the specific functional mechanisms and processes that underline the pentadactyl limb's operation while comparative anatomy addresses the evolutionary and anatomical origins of the pentadactyl plan. In other words, Anatomy is the study of the body's physical structure, while physiology is the study of how the body functions.
While both comparative anatomy and physiological evidence can support the concept of the pentadactyl forelimb in vertebrates, the key difference lies in the focus of study: comparative anatomy examines the structural similarities in bone arrangement across different species, whereas physiological evidence investigates how the limb functions and adapts to different behaviours in each species; essentially, comparative anatomy looks at the "blueprint" of the limb, while physiology examines how that structure is used in different contexts.
Embryological evidence of the pentadactyl forelimb of vertebrates includes the regulation of gene expression during limb development.
The fossil record of pentadactyl forelimbs shows that many vertebrates have a similar bone structure, even though their limbs look different on the outside.
Pergunta 12 Relatório
The feeding relationship between ruminants and the bacteria in their digestive tract is
Detalhes da Resposta
The feeding relationship between ruminants and the bacteria in their digestive tract is symbiotic. In this type of relationship, both the ruminants and the bacteria benefit from each other.
Here's how it works:
This mutual benefit showcases a symbiotic relationship, where both organisms support each other's survival and wellbeing.
Pergunta 13 Relatório
Production of healthier offspring, viable seeds and formation of new varieties are good characteristics
Detalhes da Resposta
Cross-pollination is a type of pollination that produces healthier offspring, viable seeds, and new varieties.
Cross-pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a different flower. In contrast, self-pollination is when pollen is transferred within a flower or between flowers on the same plant. Self-pollination is effective in a stable environment, but it can lead to weak offspring that are less adapted to the environment.
Pergunta 14 Relatório
Which of the following plant is found in the ground layer of a tropical rainforest in Nigeria?
Detalhes da Resposta
In a tropical rainforest, the forest layers are characterized by distinct types of vegetation. The **ground layer** hosts plants and organisms that typically thrive in low-light conditions due to the dense canopy above. Such layers often consist of mosses, ferns, and small plants that can grow with limited sunlight.
When considering the plants listed:
Thus, the answer is **liverwort**, as it appropriately matches the ecological niche of the **ground layer** in a tropical rainforest.
Pergunta 15 Relatório
How many chromosomes will be present in a gamete if the somatic cell has 8 chromosomes?
Detalhes da Resposta
In humans and many other organisms, there are two types of cells: **somatic cells** and **gametes**. **Somatic cells** are typical body cells and are **diploid**, meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes—one set from each parent. **Gametes** are reproductive cells (sperm and egg) and are **haploid**, meaning they contain only one set of chromosomes.
In this context, if a **somatic cell** has **8 chromosomes**, it means it is carrying two complete sets of 4 chromosomes each. In order to form a **gamete**, this diploid number must be reduced to a **haploid number** through the process of **meiosis**.
Therefore, the **number of chromosomes** in a **gamete** would be **half** the number of chromosomes in a **somatic cell**. This is because gametes need to have just one set of chromosomes to ensure that when two gametes meet during fertilization, they create a diploid organism.
Thus, if the **somatic cell** has **8 chromosomes**, each **gamete** will have **4 chromosomes**.
Pergunta 16 Relatório
The part of the brain that receives sensory impulses of smell is the
Detalhes da Resposta
The part of the brain that receives sensory impulses of smell is the olfactory lobe. When you perceive a scent, information from the nose's sensory cells is sent to the olfactory lobe, and it is here that the brain begins the process of identifying the fragrance. The olfactory bulb is the first region that processes smell sensory data, allowing you to discern various odors. Other parts of the brain, like the cerebrum, help process and associate these smells with memories or emotions, but the olfactory lobe is the initial receiver of these sensory signals related to smell.
Pergunta 17 Relatório
Which of the following factors can lead to overcrowding?
Detalhes da Resposta
To understand overcrowding, we need to consider factors that increase or decrease a population within a certain area.
High natality refers to a high birth rate. When more individuals are born in an area than those leaving it, the population will naturally increase, potentially leading to overcrowding as the area becomes inhabited by more individuals than it can comfortably support. This is because more births without corresponding departures or deaths means more people vying for the same resources.
Emigration is the process of individuals moving out of a given area to live elsewhere. This movement decreases the population of an area, which would typically help prevent overcrowding rather than cause it. Hence, emigration does not lead to overcrowding.
Competition involves individuals or species competing for limited resources such as food, water, or territory. While it does not directly cause overcrowding, high population density due to overcrowding can intensify competition since more individuals fight for the same scarce resources. Thus, competition is more of a consequence rather than a direct cause of overcrowding.
High mortality means a high death rate. This reduces the number of individuals in a population, which works against overcrowding. With more individuals dying, the population decreases or stabilizes, alleviating pressures that lead to overcrowding.
In summary, among the listed factors, high natality is the most significant contributor to overcrowding as it directly increases population size when not matched by increased emigration or mortality.
Pergunta 18 Relatório
A photosynthetic carnivorous plant which feeds on insects is
Detalhes da Resposta
The **answer** is insectivorous.
Here's why: In the plant kingdom, there are unique plants known as "carnivorous plants" that have the ability to capture and digest insects and other small animals. Despite obtaining nutrients from these creatures, they still perform photosynthesis, which means they are able to convert sunlight into energy just like any typical plant.
A carnivorous plant that specifically feeds on insects is termed insectivorous. These insectivorous plants have special adaptations such as sticky surfaces, pitcher-like traps, or rapid leaf movements that help them catch insects. Examples include the Venus flytrap and the pitcher plant.
So, while they do engage in capturing insects as a source of additional nutrients, they still depend on sunlight for their energy through the process of photosynthesis.
Pergunta 19 Relatório
The depressed side of paramecium which is lined with cilia leads to a tube-like structure called
Detalhes da Resposta
The depressed side of a paramecium that is lined with cilia leads to a tube-like structure called the buccal cavity, also known as the gullet.
Pergunta 20 Relatório
DNA carries the genetic information and are generally found in the
Detalhes da Resposta
DNA, which stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. It is often referred to as the blueprint of life because it holds the instructions needed to build and maintain an organism.
DNA is primarily found in the chromosomes within the cell nucleus. Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of protein and a single molecule of DNA. Every human cell, for example, typically contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, amounting to a total of 46. These chromosomes are distributed evenly when cells divide, ensuring that each new cell contains a complete set of genetic information.
Other components like ribosomes, blood, and enzymes do not contain DNA in the way chromosomes do. Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis, blood is a body fluid important for transporting nutrients and oxygen, and enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions. While they all perform essential roles within the organism, they do not serve as carriers of genetic information.
Pergunta 21 Relatório
Infectious diseases are caused by
Detalhes da Resposta
Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by certain harmful microorganisms that invade the body. These microorganisms can be grouped into several categories. Among these categories, two of the most notable are bacteria and protozoa. Both of these groups contain species that can lead to disease.
Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms. While many bacteria are harmless or even beneficial to humans, some can cause diseases such as strep throat, tuberculosis, and urinary tract infections. Bacteria are living organisms that reproduce by themselves, and they can sometimes produce toxins that harm the host.
Protozoa are a diverse group of single-celled organisms that live in a variety of moist or aquatic environments. Many protozoa are harmless, but some can cause serious diseases. For example, the protozoan parasite Plasmodium causes malaria, a serious disease transmitted by mosquitoes.
Protists is a broader term that includes protozoa as well as algae and fungi-like organisms, and while not all protists cause disease, the term could refer to certain disease-causing protozoans.
Amoebas are a type of protozoan characterized by their changing shape and movement. Although many amoebas are harmless, some types, such as Entamoeba histolytica, cause illnesses like amoebic dysentery, which is characterized by diarrhea and stomach pain.
In summary, infectious diseases can be caused by bacteria and a variety of protozoa, including specific types like amoebas. Understanding these different microorganisms helps in diagnosing and treating the diseases they cause.
Pergunta 22 Relatório
Which of these pair of substances must be present for a seed to germinate in a laboratory set-up?
Detalhes da Resposta
For a seed to germinate in a laboratory set-up, the key pair of substances required are heat and water.
Water is essential because it activates the enzymes that begin the germination process. When a seed absorbs water, it swells and breaks the seed coat. This process is known as imbibition, and it is the first step in germination. The absorbed water allows the enzymes to start breaking down stored food resources within the seed, providing the energy necessary for the growth of the embryonic plant.
Heat, on the other hand, is important because most seeds need to be within a certain temperature range to germinate effectively. Appropriate warmth can facilitate enzymatic activities and biochemical processes needed for growth. The required temperature varies between species, but generally, seeds need warmth to sprout successfully.
While microbes can contribute to soil fertility and the decomposition of organic material, they are not directly necessary for the germination process of seeds, nor is soil required in a controlled laboratory environment.
Similarly, while manure can provide nutrients in an outdoor setting, it is not a vital component in the controlled germination process in a lab. The focus in such controlled experiments is typically on the primary resources that directly aid in the seed's initial growth, namely water and suitable temperature from heat.
Pergunta 23 Relatório
A fruit formed from one flower with many carpels is referred to as
Detalhes da Resposta
A fruit formed from one flower with many carpels is referred to as an aggregate fruit.
Let me break that down further for clarity: When a single flower contains multiple ovaries (carpels), each of these ovaries can develop into a small fruit. These small fruits collectively form what is known as an aggregate fruit. This means that although the fruit appears to be one single entity, it is actually made up of many small fruits that are clustered together. Each small fruit in the cluster originates from a single ovary of the flower.
An example of an aggregate fruit is a raspberry or a blackberry, where the clustered small fruits can easily be observed.
Pergunta 24 Relatório
Which of the following processes releases oxygen to the atmosphere?
Detalhes da Resposta
In the context of releasing oxygen to the atmosphere, only one of the processes you've listed does this: photosynthesis. Let me explain it in a simple way.
Photosynthesis is a process carried out by plants, some bacteria, and algae. These organisms use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to create their food, which is a form of sugar. As a byproduct, they release oxygen into the atmosphere. During this process, chlorophyll, the green pigment in plant cells, captures light energy, and helps convert it into chemical energy.
None of the other processes release oxygen:
- Respiration is a process in which living organisms, including plants and animals, take in oxygen and use it to convert glucose into energy, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.
- Combustion involves burning substances, typically in the presence of oxygen, usually resulting in the production of carbon dioxide, water, and energy (heat and light). It does not release oxygen; rather, it consumes oxygen.
- Decomposition is the breakdown of dead organic matter by microorganisms. During this process, organic matter is converted back into carbon dioxide, methane, and other compounds, but it does not release oxygen.
So, the process that releases oxygen into the atmosphere is photosynthesis.
Pergunta 25 Relatório
Which of the following is a viral disease?
Detalhes da Resposta
Out of the diseases listed, Measles is a viral disease. Let me explain this simply:
In summary, Measles is the only viral disease among the options provided, as it is specifically caused by a virus, unlike the others, which are caused by bacteria.
Pergunta 26 Relatório
Ecological succession can result from
Detalhes da Resposta
Ecological succession is a natural process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. This process can be initiated by several factors, resulting in the gradual replacement of one community by another until a stable ecosystem, known as a climax community, is achieved.
One such factor that can lead to ecological succession is a newly formed habitat. When an area is newly formed, such as from a volcanic eruption creating new land, or when a glacier retreats exposing bare rock, there is no pre-existing community. Over time, pioneer species such as lichens and mosses begin to colonize the area. As they die and decompose, they contribute organic matter to the soil, making it more hospitable for future plant species. This leads to the gradual development of a more complex community.
A habitat with abundant food might not directly cause ecological succession, but it can support the growth and reproduction of organisms, contributing to the stability and complexity of existing ecosystems. However, changes in food availability can lead to shifts in populations and species interactions, indirectly influencing successional changes.
Another important factor is a habitat with space and light. When a disturbance such as a fire clears an area, removing trees and other vegetation, it creates open space and increases light availability. This situation allows new species to colonize the area, starting a process known as secondary succession. Initially, fast-growing species that require a lot of light dominate the area, but eventually, as the ecosystem matures, it becomes more diverse and balanced.
Lastly, a population of plants on fertile land provides a suitable environment for ecological succession. Fertile soils support a wide variety of plant species, which contribute to the formation of a complex and stable ecosystem over time. As plants grow and die, they enrich the soil, promoting the growth of secondary species until a mature community is established.
In summary, ecological succession can result from newly formed habitats, disturbances that create space and light, and fertile lands. These changes create conditions that allow different species to colonize and thrive, leading to the evolution of ecosystems over time.
Pergunta 27 Relatório
Which of the following characteristics is possessed by both living and non-living things?
Detalhes da Resposta
In considering the given options, the characteristic that is possessed by both living and non-living things is that they both have weight.
Here is the simple explanation:
Therefore, the characteristic of having weight is shared by both living and non-living things.
Pergunta 28 Relatório
In blood transfusion, a patient with group AB receives
Detalhes da Resposta
In blood transfusion, a patient with blood type **AB** is known as a **universal recipient**. This means they can receive red blood cells from any blood group. This is because:
Therefore, a person with blood type AB can safely receive red blood cells from **donors with A, B, AB, and O blood types**. This is because:
Therefore, a patient with blood type AB can receive blood from donors with **group O, A, B, or AB**.
Pergunta 29 Relatório
The process by which plants loss water to the atmosphere is
Detalhes da Resposta
The process by which plants lose water to the atmosphere is referred to as transpiration. Let's break this down:
Transpiration is the process where water absorbed by plant roots is eventually released into the atmosphere as water vapor through the plant's leaves. This primarily occurs through small openings on the leaves known as stomata.
Here's how it happens:
Transpiration is crucial for plants because it not only helps them get rid of excess water but also plays a significant role in cooling the plant and enabling the upward movement of essential nutrients from the soil. It also contributes to the water cycle by adding moisture to the atmosphere.
In summary, transpiration is an essential process where plants lose water to the atmosphere, playing an important role in plant health and environmental equilibrium.
Pergunta 30 Relatório
Bilateral symmetry,cylindrical bodies and double openings are characteristic features of
Detalhes da Resposta
The features you mentioned, namely bilateral symmetry, cylindrical bodies, and double openings, are characteristic of nematodes.
Let's break it down further:
In contrast:
Therefore, based on these descriptions, nematodes clearly align with the features of bilateral symmetry, cylindrical bodies, and double openings.
Pergunta 31 Relatório
Reproduction in paramecium is by
Detalhes da Resposta
Paramecium is a single-celled organism that belongs to the group of protists known as ciliates. The primary method of reproduction in paramecium is through binary fission. Let's break down what that means:
Binary Fission: This is a type of asexual reproduction, which means it does not involve the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg). Instead, it is a simple division process in which the organism creates a copy of itself. Here is how it works in paramecium:
This process of binary fission allows paramecia to reproduce quickly and efficiently, leading to exponential population growth under favorable conditions. Unlike other methods like budding, spore formation, or fragmentation, binary fission is a straightforward division of the cell into two identical parts.
Conclusion: Paramecium reproduces mainly by binary fission, a type of asexual reproduction that results in two genetically identical offspring from a single parent organism.
Pergunta 32 Relatório
In which zone of the marine habitat does the organisms require adaptation for attachment?
Detalhes da Resposta
The marine habitat is divided into various zones, each with its own environmental conditions and challenges for the organisms living there. Among these zones, the intertidal zone is the one where organisms require significant adaptation for attachment. The intertidal zone is the area that is exposed to the air at low tide and submerged under water at high tide.
The main reasons organisms need adaptations for attachment in this zone are:
Therefore, the intertidal zone specifically requires organisms to have adaptations that ensure they remain securely attached despite the dynamic and challenging conditions encountered daily.
Pergunta 33 Relatório
A succession that occurs in an area where there are no pre-existing community is called
Detalhes da Resposta
A succession that occurs in an area where there is no pre-existing community is called Primary Succession.
To understand this, imagine a barren landscape where life has never existed before, such as a newly formed volcanic island or a region uncovered by a retreating glacier. In such places, there are no soils or organisms present initially. Here’s how it happens:
In summary, primary succession describes the process of life gradually establishing itself from scratch in an environment that starts with no life or soil, forming an ecosystem over time.
Pergunta 34 Relatório
The schlerenchyma tissues consist of
Detalhes da Resposta
Schlerenchyma tissues are a type of plant tissue known for providing structural support. These tissues are composed of cells that are typically dead at maturity. The cell walls of schlerenchyma tissues are thickened with lignin, which makes them rigid and strong. These characteristics help in supporting the plant body and protecting the plant against external mechanical forces.
To clarify, let's consider the types of cells mentioned:
In summary, schlerenchyma tissues consist mainly of dead cells. Their primary role is structural support, making them distinct from tissues composed of living cells, tracheid cells, or meristematic cells.
Pergunta 35 Relatório
I
6 X + 6 H2 O → C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
III chlorophyll II IV
Use the diagram above to answer question that follows
The part labelled I is
Detalhes da Resposta
The part labelled I in the given equation refers to sunlight.
Here is why:
The equation you've provided represents the chemical process of photosynthesis, which is how plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose (C6H12O6). This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
Sunlight is essential in this process because it provides the energy needed for photosynthesis to occur. This process begins when chlorophyll (labelled as III) within the chloroplasts absorbs sunlight, enabling the transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose and oxygen (O2).
In summary, the part labelled I is sunlight because it is the energy source that drives the entire reaction of photosynthesis.
Pergunta 36 Relatório
Cell division that involves the growth, development, repairs and replacement of worn out tissues is
Detalhes da Resposta
The type of cell division that involves the growth, development, repair, and replacement of worn-out tissues is mitosis.
Mitosis is a process by which a single cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. This process is crucial for several reasons:
The process involves several phases, including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, each contributing to the accurate duplication and distribution of chromosomes to the daughter cells.
Pergunta 37 Relatório
Which of the Nigeria states is Northern guinea savanna located?
Detalhes da Resposta
The **Northern Guinea Savanna** is an ecological zone in Nigeria characterized by a mixture of grasslands and scattered trees. This vegetation belt lies between the Sudan Savanna in the north and the Southern Guinea Savanna in the south. The vegetation in this region is adapted to longer wet seasons compared to the Sudan Savanna and shorter ones compared to the Southern Guinea Savanna.
Among the states listed, **Kwara State** is where the **Northern Guinea Savanna** is located. Kwara is positioned in the north-central part of Nigeria, which aligns with the geographical location of the Northern Guinea Savanna. It features the characteristic landscape of mixed grasslands and trees, supporting both agriculture and livestock rearing.
In contrast, **Borno and Kano** are located further north, closer to or within the Sudan Savanna zone, which is more arid. **Oyo state**, on the other hand, is located in the southwestern part of Nigeria and is part of the forested regions or the Southern Guinea Savanna, which receives more rainfall and supports more dense vegetation compared to the Northern Guinea Savanna.
Thus, the correct answer is **Kwara State** as it lies within the **Northern Guinea Savanna** ecological zone.
Pergunta 38 Relatório
Gaseous exchange takes place through the plasma membrane in
Detalhes da Resposta
Gaseous exchange is a biological process through which different gases are transferred in opposite directions across a specialized respiratory surface. When it comes to simple organisms, this exchange can occur directly through the plasma membrane. The organism where gaseous exchange takes place through the plasma membrane is the paramecium.
Here is a simple explanation:
In conclusion, paramecium utilizes its plasma membrane for gaseous exchange due to its single-celled structure, allowing direct diffusion of gases.
Pergunta 39 Relatório
The part of the inner ear that is responsible for hearing is
Detalhes da Resposta
The part of the inner ear that is responsible for hearing is the cochlea.
The cochlea is a spiral-shaped, fluid-filled structure that looks a little like a snail shell. Its primary function is to convert sound waves from the air into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain as sound. Here's how it works:
Thus, the cochlea plays an essential role in the process of hearing by transforming sound vibrations into nerve impulses that the brain can understand.
Pergunta 40 Relatório
An example of organism that exhibits counter-shading to escape from its predator is
Detalhes da Resposta
An example of an organism that exhibits counter-shading to escape from predators is a fish. Counter-shading is a type of camouflage where an animal has a darker coloration on its upper side and a lighter coloration on its underside.
This adaptation helps fish in two main ways:
This dual blending effect helps fish to reduce the risk of being detected by predators, enhancing its chances of survival. This strategy is particularly beneficial in open water habitats where there are few places to hide.
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