Digestive System
Overview
Every meal you eat is far too big and far too solid to enter your blood. A bowl of rice, a piece of chicken, an apple: each is a mass of huge insoluble molecules. The digestive system is the body's processing line that takes food in at the mouth, breaks it down step by step along a long muscular tube, and delivers small soluble molecules into the blood so every cell can use them.
In this lesson you will tour the alimentary canal and its helper organs, and learn exactly what each region does. You will learn to use the five key words examiners reward: ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion, and to place every organ inside that story so you can answer 'what happens here?' for any part of the gut.
Objectives
- Identify in diagrams and images the main organs of the digestive system, limited to: (a) alimentary canal: mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum and ileum) and large intestine (colon, rectum, anus) (b) a ssociated organs: salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gall bladder
- Describe the functions of the organs of the digestive system listed in 7.2.1, in relation to: (a) ingestion - the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the body (b) digestion - the breakdown of food (c) absorption - the movement of nutrients from the intestines into the blood (d) assimilation - uptake and use of nutrients by cells (e) egestion - the removal of undigested food from the body as faeces
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Lesson Note
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Digestive System. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- Which organ is an associated organ, NOT part of the alimentary canal? A. stomach B. ileum C. pancreas D. colon Answer: C
- The two parts of the small intestine are the: A. colon and rectum B. duodenum and ileum C. stomach and colon D. oesophagus and duodenum Answer: B
- The movement of nutrients from the intestines into the blood is called: A. ingestion B. assimilation C. absorption D. egestion Answer: C
- Which process is the uptake and use of nutrients by cells? A. digestion B. assimilation C. egestion D. ingestion Answer: B
- Bile is stored before use in the: A. liver B. pancreas C. gall bladder D. duodenum Answer: C
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