Acids, Bases And Salt Preparations
Overview
Acids react with metals, bases, and carbonates to produce salts, and knowing the rules that govern these reactions lets you predict products, write balanced equations, and prepare pure samples of any salt you need. Salt preparation is one of the most practical skills in IGCSE chemistry.
In this lesson you will deepen your understanding of acids and bases through the Bronsted-Lowry (proton transfer) model, learn solubility rules for predicting which salts dissolve and which precipitate, and work through the step-by-step preparation of a pure, dry sample of hydrated copper(II) sulfate crystals.
Objectives
- Know the general rules for predicting the solubility of ionic compounds in water
- Understand acids and bases in terms of proton transfer
- Understand that an acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor
- Describe the reactions of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid with metals, bases and metal carbonates to form salts
- Know that metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia can act as bases
- Describe an experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt starting from an insoluble reactant
- Prepare a sample of pure, dry hydrated copper(II) sulfate crystals starting from copper(II) oxide
Mind map
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Flashcards
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Lesson Note
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Acids, Bases And Salt Preparations. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- In the Bronsted-Lowry model, an acid is defined as a: A) Proton acceptor B) Proton donor C) Electron donor D) Electron acceptor Answer: B
- Which of the following salts is insoluble in water? A) Sodium chloride B) Potassium nitrate C) Barium sulfate D) Ammonium carbonate Answer: C
- When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid, the products are: A) Salt + water B) Salt + hydrogen C) Salt + water + carbon dioxide D) Salt + oxygen Answer: C
- In the preparation of a soluble salt from an insoluble base, why is the base added in excess? A) To make the reaction go faster B) To ensure all the acid has reacted C) To produce more crystals D) To change the colour of the solution Answer: B
- Which of the following can act as a base? A) Hydrochloric acid B) Sodium chloride C) Copper(II) oxide D) Sulfuric acid Answer: C
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Practice Mock Questions
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