Ions And Ionic Bonds
Overview
Common salt, the white crystals you sprinkle on food, is held together by one of the strongest forces in chemistry. It is made not of molecules but of charged particles called ions, locked together by their opposite charges. This ionic bonding is how most metals join with non-metals.
In this lesson you will learn how atoms become ions by losing or gaining electrons, why they do so, and how the attraction between oppositely charged ions forms an ionic bond. You will use sodium chloride as the key example.
Objectives
- [Core] Describe the formation of positive ions, known as cations, and negative ions, known as anions
- [Core] State that an ionic bond is a strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
- [Core] Describe the formation of ionic bonds between elements from Group I and Group VII, including the use of dot-and-cross diagrams
- [Core] Describe the properties of ionic compounds: (a) high melting points and boiling points (b) good electrical conductivity when aqueous or molten and poor when solid (c) generally soluble in water
- [Supplement] Describe the formation of ionic bonds between ions of metallic and non-metallic elements, including the use of dot-and-cross diagrams
- [Supplement] Describe the giant lattice structure of ionic compounds as a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions, exemplified by sodium chloride
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Ions And Ionic Bonds. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- A positive ion is formed when an atom: A. Gains electrons B. Loses electrons C. Gains protons D. Loses protons Answer: B
- An ionic bond is the attraction between: A. Two atoms sharing electrons B. Oppositely charged ions C. Identical ions D. Molecules Answer: B
- When sodium reacts with chlorine, the sodium atom: A. Gains one electron B. Loses one electron C. Shares one electron D. Loses one proton Answer: B
- What is the charge on a magnesium ion, formed from an atom with arrangement 2, 8, 2? A. 1+ B. 2+ C. 1- D. 2- Answer: B
- Ionic bonds usually form between: A. Two non-metals B. Two metals C. A metal and a non-metal D. Two gases Answer: C
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