Population Structures Change Over Time
Overview
A single graph can tell you whether a country is young and growing fast or old and shrinking. The population pyramid plots how many people fall into each age group and sex, and its shape reveals a nation's past, present and likely future. A broad base means many children; a top heavy shape means many elderly.
This lesson teaches you to read and interpret population pyramids, to explain why structures change over time, and to weigh the consequences of youthful structures (as in Kenya) and ageing structures (as in Japan), including the population policies countries use in response.
Objectives
- Factors influencing population structures: natural increase and net migration.
- The causes and impacts of youthful and ageing population structures, and an evaluation of their impacts.
- One detailed specific example of a named country to include: • reasons for population growth or decline • the impacts of a population policy (pro or anti-natalist).
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Population Structures Change Over Time. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- A population pyramid with a very wide base shows: A. an ageing population B. a high birth rate and youthful population C. high net emigration D. a low fertility rate Answer: B
- Which two factors shape a country's population structure? A. relief and climate B. natural increase and net migration C. area and wealth D. soil and vegetation Answer: B
- An ageing population is most likely to increase government spending on: A. primary schools B. pensions and healthcare C. childcare D. maternity wards Answer: B
- Japan's population is now falling mainly because of: A. high emigration B. a very low birth rate and long life expectancy C. war D. famine Answer: B
- The dependency ratio compares: A. births to deaths B. dependants to the working population C. males to females D. urban to rural people Answer: B
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