Naming Organic Compounds
Overview
Every organic compound has a systematic name that, once you can read it, tells you its structure at a glance. The naming rules are wonderfully logical: a stem for the number of carbon atoms and an ending for the family it belongs to.
In this lesson you will learn how the prefixes meth, eth, prop and but give the carbon count, how the endings ane, ene, ol and oic acid mark the family, and how numbers locate a feature on the chain. With these pieces you can name and interpret a wide range of compounds.
Objectives
- Name and draw the displayed formulae of: (a) methane and ethane (b) ethene (c) ethanol (d) ethanoic acid (e) the products of the reactions stated in sections 11.4-11.7.
- State the type of compound present, given a chemical name ending in -ane, -ene, -ol, or -oic acid or from a molecular formula or displayed formula.
- [Supplement] Name and draw the structural and displayed formulae of unbranched: (a) alkanes (b) a lkenes, including but-1-ene and but-2-ene (c) a lcohols, including propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol and butan-2-ol (d) carboxylic acids containing up to four carbon atoms per molecule.
- [Supplement] Name and draw the displayed formulae of the unbranched esters which can be made from unbranched alcohols and carboxylic acids, each containing up to four carbon atoms.
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Lesson Evaluation
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Naming Organic Compounds. Now that youve explored the key concepts and ideas, its time to put your knowledge to the test. This section offers a variety of practice questions designed to reinforce your understanding and help you gauge your grasp of the material.
You will encounter a mix of question types, including multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay questions. Each question is thoughtfully crafted to assess different aspects of your knowledge and critical thinking skills.
Use this evaluation section as an opportunity to reinforce your understanding of the topic and to identify any areas where you may need additional study. Don't be discouraged by any challenges you encounter; instead, view them as opportunities for growth and improvement.
- The stem 'prop' in an organic name shows the molecule has: A. 1 carbon B. 2 carbons C. 3 carbons D. 4 carbons Answer: C
- The ending '-ol' shows a compound is a(n): A. Alkane B. Alkene C. Alcohol D. Carboxylic acid Answer: C
- What is the name of the alkane with two carbon atoms? A. Methane B. Ethane C. Propane D. Butane Answer: B
- In but-2-ene, the number 2 shows the position of the: A. -OH group B. Double bond C. Branch D. -COOH group Answer: B
- The ending '-oic acid' indicates a: A. Alkene B. Alcohol C. Carboxylic acid D. Alkane Answer: C
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