WAEC SSCE - Animal Husbandry - 2019 (Practical)
Question 1 Rapport
(a) List three stages in the life cycle of specimen G (Liver Fluke)
(b) State four effects of specimen G on the farm animals.
(c) Mention three ways of controlling specimen G on farm animals
(d) Draw and label specimen H (Tape worm)
(a) Three stages in the life cycle of specimen G (Liver fluke)
- Miracidium (larva that hatches from the egg and enters the snail host).
- Cercaria (larva that leaves the snail).
- Metacercaria/adult fluke (encysts on herbage, is eaten, and matures in the liver).
(b) Four effects of specimen G on farm animals
- Damages the liver, causing liver rot (fascioliasis).
- Causes anaemia and general weakness.
- Causes emaciation and loss of condition, with swelling under the jaw (bottle jaw).
- Reduces productivity and may lead to death.
(c) Three ways of controlling specimen G on farm animals
- Control or eradicate the snail intermediate host.
- Drain marshy areas and avoid grazing on wet, swampy pastures.
- Deworm the animals regularly with a suitable flukicide.
(d) Specimen H (Tapeworm) - to be drawn and labelled
The drawing should show the head (scolex) bearing suckers/hooks, the neck, and the long chain of body segments (proglottids).
Détails de la réponse
(a) Three stages in the life cycle of specimen G (Liver fluke)
- Miracidium (larva that hatches from the egg and enters the snail host).
- Cercaria (larva that leaves the snail).
- Metacercaria/adult fluke (encysts on herbage, is eaten, and matures in the liver).
(b) Four effects of specimen G on farm animals
- Damages the liver, causing liver rot (fascioliasis).
- Causes anaemia and general weakness.
- Causes emaciation and loss of condition, with swelling under the jaw (bottle jaw).
- Reduces productivity and may lead to death.
(c) Three ways of controlling specimen G on farm animals
- Control or eradicate the snail intermediate host.
- Drain marshy areas and avoid grazing on wet, swampy pastures.
- Deworm the animals regularly with a suitable flukicide.
(d) Specimen H (Tapeworm) - to be drawn and labelled
The drawing should show the head (scolex) bearing suckers/hooks, the neck, and the long chain of body segments (proglottids).
Question 2 Rapport
(a)(i) Mention the major nutrients supplied by specimen A (Fish meal) in animal diet. (ii) State four functions of the nutrients mentioned in 1(a)(i). (iii) Name three feed stuffs that could be used in place of specimen A.
(b)Give four reasons for keeping specimen B on a farm (Chicken)
(c) Mention three management practices which are carried out during the rearing of specimen B.
(a)(i) Major nutrient supplied by specimen A (Fish meal)
Protein (fish meal is a rich source of animal protein; it also supplies some minerals such as calcium and phosphorus).
(ii) Four functions of the nutrient (protein) in the animal diet
- Builds new body tissues and promotes growth.
- Repairs worn-out tissues.
- Is used for the production of eggs, meat and milk.
- Forms enzymes, hormones and antibodies (and can serve as a source of energy).
(iii) Three feed stuffs that could be used in place of specimen A
- Groundnut cake.
- Soya bean meal.
- Blood meal (or meat meal).
(b) Four reasons for keeping specimen B (Chicken)
- Source of meat for food.
- Source of eggs.
- Source of income to the farmer.
- Source of manure (and feathers) and provides employment.
(c) Three management practices during the rearing of chicken
- Brooding of the day-old chicks to keep them warm.
- Vaccination and general disease control.
- Balanced feeding and provision of clean water (also debeaking to prevent cannibalism).
Détails de la réponse
(a)(i) Major nutrient supplied by specimen A (Fish meal)
Protein (fish meal is a rich source of animal protein; it also supplies some minerals such as calcium and phosphorus).
(ii) Four functions of the nutrient (protein) in the animal diet
- Builds new body tissues and promotes growth.
- Repairs worn-out tissues.
- Is used for the production of eggs, meat and milk.
- Forms enzymes, hormones and antibodies (and can serve as a source of energy).
(iii) Three feed stuffs that could be used in place of specimen A
- Groundnut cake.
- Soya bean meal.
- Blood meal (or meat meal).
(b) Four reasons for keeping specimen B (Chicken)
- Source of meat for food.
- Source of eggs.
- Source of income to the farmer.
- Source of manure (and feathers) and provides employment.
(c) Three management practices during the rearing of chicken
- Brooding of the day-old chicks to keep them warm.
- Vaccination and general disease control.
- Balanced feeding and provision of clean water (also debeaking to prevent cannibalism).
Question 3 Rapport
(a)(i) Mention two products which could be obtained from specimen K (Fresh Milk) (ii) Name the method by which specimen K could be made wholesome for human consumption.
(b)(i) Give two function of specimen L in farm animals. (ii) State two features of specimen L which enables it to perform its functions.
(c) State two ways of preserving specimen M.
(d) State two responses of chicks to the use of specimen N in a brooder house under each of the following conditions. (i) excessive heat (ii) insufficient heat (iii) optimum heat.
(a)(i) Two products obtainable from specimen K (fresh milk)
- Butter.
- Cheese (also yoghurt, ice cream, condensed and powdered milk).
(a)(ii) Method of making specimen K wholesome for human consumption
Pasteurisation (also boiling/sterilisation).
(b)(i) Two functions of specimen L (gizzard) in farm animals
- Grinding of feed into fine particles.
- Mixing and churning of feed.
(b)(ii) Two features of specimen L (gizzard) that enable it to perform its functions
- Thick, muscular walls.
- Presence of stones/grits/gastroliths and a tough koilin (rough) lining.
(c) Two ways of preserving specimen M (meat)
- Refrigeration or freezing.
- Salting (also smoking, drying or canning).
(d) Responses of chicks to specimen N (brooder heat source)
- (i) Excessive heat: the chicks move away from the heat source to the edges of the brooder, pant and take in more water, and eat less.
- (ii) Insufficient heat: the chicks crowd and huddle close together under the heat source, pile on one another and may suffocate.
- (iii) Optimum heat: the chicks spread out evenly over the brooder floor, are active and feed and drink normally.
Détails de la réponse
(a)(i) Two products obtainable from specimen K (fresh milk)
- Butter.
- Cheese (also yoghurt, ice cream, condensed and powdered milk).
(a)(ii) Method of making specimen K wholesome for human consumption
Pasteurisation (also boiling/sterilisation).
(b)(i) Two functions of specimen L (gizzard) in farm animals
- Grinding of feed into fine particles.
- Mixing and churning of feed.
(b)(ii) Two features of specimen L (gizzard) that enable it to perform its functions
- Thick, muscular walls.
- Presence of stones/grits/gastroliths and a tough koilin (rough) lining.
(c) Two ways of preserving specimen M (meat)
- Refrigeration or freezing.
- Salting (also smoking, drying or canning).
(d) Responses of chicks to specimen N (brooder heat source)
- (i) Excessive heat: the chicks move away from the heat source to the edges of the brooder, pant and take in more water, and eat less.
- (ii) Insufficient heat: the chicks crowd and huddle close together under the heat source, pile on one another and may suffocate.
- (iii) Optimum heat: the chicks spread out evenly over the brooder floor, are active and feed and drink normally.
Question 4 Rapport
(a) State two uses of specimen D(Iodine Tincture) in animal production
(b) Mention four activities which requires the use of specimen E(Hand Gloves) in animal production.
c)(i) State three precautions which should bee taken by the farmer when using specimen F(Using Razor Blade) for the purpose of catration in pigs.
(d) Name three tools which could be used in place of specimen F for carrying out castration in famr animals.
(a) Two uses of specimen D (tincture of iodine) in animal production
- Treatment and dressing of wounds after castration, navel cutting or minor bruises.
- Sterilising the body surface before injection or surgery (also used as a disinfectant/antiseptic).
(b) Four activities that require the use of specimen E (hand gloves) in animal production
- Drenching of animals.
- Castration.
- Slaughtering and dressing of carcass.
- Handling of chemicals such as disinfectants (also vaccination, parturition and disposal of dead animals).
(c)(i) Three precautions when using specimen F (razor blade) for castration in pigs
- Sterilise the blade before use to avoid infection.
- Restrain the pig properly and ensure the blade is sharp.
- Let a skilful person do the cutting, wearing hand gloves, to reduce blood loss and disease transmission.
(d) Three tools that could be used in place of specimen F (razor blade) for castration
- Burdizzo.
- Emasculator.
- Elastrator (rubber ring) (also a knife or scalpel).
Détails de la réponse
(a) Two uses of specimen D (tincture of iodine) in animal production
- Treatment and dressing of wounds after castration, navel cutting or minor bruises.
- Sterilising the body surface before injection or surgery (also used as a disinfectant/antiseptic).
(b) Four activities that require the use of specimen E (hand gloves) in animal production
- Drenching of animals.
- Castration.
- Slaughtering and dressing of carcass.
- Handling of chemicals such as disinfectants (also vaccination, parturition and disposal of dead animals).
(c)(i) Three precautions when using specimen F (razor blade) for castration in pigs
- Sterilise the blade before use to avoid infection.
- Restrain the pig properly and ensure the blade is sharp.
- Let a skilful person do the cutting, wearing hand gloves, to reduce blood loss and disease transmission.
(d) Three tools that could be used in place of specimen F (razor blade) for castration
- Burdizzo.
- Emasculator.
- Elastrator (rubber ring) (also a knife or scalpel).
