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Question 1 Rapport
All the major industrial zones of Nigeria owe their origin mainly to
Détails de la réponse
The major industrial zones of Nigeria owe their origin mainly to the presence of cash crops. This is because, historically, Nigeria's economy largely depended on agriculture, and the availability of these cash crops provided a foundation for establishing industries. For example, regions where cash crops such as cocoa, palm oil, rubber, and groundnuts were abundantly grown became focal points for industries.
These crops were in high demand both locally and internationally, encouraging the establishment of processing industries to add value before export. This led to the development of infrastructure and contributed to the economic growth of these regions.
Thus, the presence of cash crops has played a significant role in shaping the industrial landscape of Nigeria by attracting investments, creating jobs, and fostering economic development in the respective regions.
Question 2 Rapport
Rocks which have been formed by the cooling and solidification of molten magma are called
Détails de la réponse
Rocks that are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma are called igneous rocks.
To put it simply, when rocks melt deep beneath the Earth's surface because of the high temperatures, they turn into a liquid called magma. This magma can sometimes rise to the surface in the form of lava. Once either the magma or lava cools down and becomes solid, it forms a new type of rock known as igneous rock.
These rocks can be formed inside the Earth when the magma cools slowly, creating large crystals, or on the Earth's surface, when the lava cools quickly, often resulting in smaller crystals. The word "igneous" comes from a Latin word meaning "fire," which appropriately describes how these rocks form from the hot, molten magma.
Question 3 Rapport
Which activity requires the following? I. Large area of land usually in thousands of hectares II. Availability of water either in the form of rain or irrigation III. High capital outlay
Détails de la réponse
The activity that requires a large area of land usually in thousands of hectares, availability of water either in the form of rain or irrigation, and a high capital outlay is plantation agriculture. Let me explain why:
Large Area of Land: Plantation agriculture involves the cultivation of crops on a very large scale, often requiring thousands of hectares. This is necessary to achieve economies of scale and produce significant quantities of a specific crop such as tea, coffee, sugarcane, rubber, or oil palm.
Availability of Water: Crops grown on plantations need adequate water supply to thrive. This can be provided by regular rainfall or through irrigation systems. Thus, plantations are often located in regions with favorable climatic conditions or equipped with efficient water management systems.
High Capital Outlay: Establishing a plantation requires a significant initial investment. This includes procuring land and machinery, setting up irrigation systems, and maintaining infrastructure. Furthermore, plantations often rely on the employment of many workers and the use of advanced agricultural techniques, which also contribute to the high cost.
In contrast, the other activities mentioned do not primarily rely on these three factors to the same extent. For example, lumbering involves harvesting trees, which may also require substantial land area, but does not necessarily need irrigation. Tourism industry might require watering systems for landscaping, but its focus is more on site attractions. Finally, while mining requires high capital outlay and can cover large areas of land, it does not depend on the availability of irrigation systems like plantation agriculture does.
Question 4 Rapport
On June 21st, when the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer,places in the Northern Hemisphere experience
Détails de la réponse
On June 21st, the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, marking the Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere. This is the point in the year when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted closest to the sun. As a result, places in the Northern Hemisphere experience their longest day and shortest night. This means that there is more daylight compared to nighttime.
To summarize, on this date, locations in the Northern Hemisphere will experience a longer day and a shorter night. This is due to the tilt of the Earth's axis, which maximizes sunlight exposure to these regions.
Question 5 Rapport
The tourist centre of Ogbunike cave is located near
Détails de la réponse
The Ogbunike Cave is a popular tourist destination located **near Onitsha in Anambra State**. This cave is part of a large system of limestone caves and is known for its historical and cultural significance to the people of the region. It's situated in the southeastern part of Nigeria and is associated with numerous legends and stories that reflect its importance to local traditions. Therefore, the correct location for Ogbunike Cave is **near Onitsha in Anambra State**.
Question 6 Rapport
All the following are problems of mining in Africa except
Détails de la réponse
Mining in Africa faces several challenges, but understanding these issues helps in realizing the unique dynamics of the industry on the continent.
Inadequate Unskilled Labour: This is generally not a problem in Africa. The continent has a large population that provides sufficient unskilled labor for mining activities. Thus, an abundance of unskilled labor makes this factor not a significant issue for mining operations.
Use of Obsolete Technology: Many mining operations in Africa struggle with outdated or insufficient technology. This affects the efficiency and safety of mining activities, making it a significant challenge for the industry.
Shortage of Power: Power shortages are common in many African countries and can severely impact mining operations, which require consistent and significant energy for their activities. This is a critical challenge in mining across the continent.
Inadequate Foreign Capital: Many African nations experience difficulty in attracting sufficient foreign capital to invest in modernizing and expanding their mining sectors. This capital is crucial for technology upgrades and infrastructural development in the industry.
In summary, inadequate unskilled labour is not typically a problem for mining in Africa, whereas the other issues listed are significant challenges impacting the industry.
Question 7 Rapport
Which of the following is a fossil fuel?
Détails de la réponse
The term fossil fuel refers to energy sources that come from the remains of ancient plants and animals, buried and subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. These fuels are primarily composed of carbon and include materials like coal, oil, and natural gas.
Among the options given:
Therefore, the correct answer is Lignite because it belongs to the category of fossil fuels. Lignite is formed from the remains of plants that lived millions of years ago, which makes it a source of stored energy that can be burned for heat and power.
Question 8 Rapport
Which of the following geographical regions of Nigeria covers one-fifth of the country and has a generally flat surface dotted with granitic hills? The
Détails de la réponse
The geographical region of Nigeria described in the question is the North-Central Highlands. This area covers about one-fifth of the country and is characterized by a generally flat surface with granitic hills, known as inselbergs, scattered throughout the landscape. These hills are composed of hard rock formations that have resisted erosion, thereby standing out from the flatter surroundings.
This region is situated in the north-central part of Nigeria and is significant for its geological features and agricultural potential. The flat terrain provides an expansive area suitable for farming, while the inselbergs add to the region's natural beauty and sometimes serve as landmarks. The North-Central Highlands are an important and distinct geographical region within Nigeria due to these unique characteristics.
Question 9 Rapport
A major problem in agricultural development in Nigeria is
Détails de la réponse
One of the major problems in agricultural development in Nigeria is the insufficient storage facilities.
The agricultural sector in Nigeria often faces difficulties after crops are harvested. Poor storage facilities mean that a substantial portion of the agricultural produce is lost due to spoilage, pests, or damage. This is a significant challenge because:
Improving storage facilities would provide farmers with the ability to manage their production better, ensuring a more consistent supply of agricultural products and contributing significantly to the development of agriculture in Nigeria.
Question 10 Rapport
Sills, dykes and batholiths are examples of
Détails de la réponse
Sills, dykes, and batholiths are examples of intrusive volcanic landforms. These are geological formations that are created below the Earth's surface from cooled and solidified magma.
Here's a simple explanation of each:
Sills are formed when magma intrudes between pre-existing layers of rock, creating a horizontal or near-horizontal sheet of solid rock. Over time, they cool and solidify, forming a flat or gently undulating body of igneous rock parallel to the layers it intruded.
Dykes occur when magma cuts across pre-existing rock layers, forming a vertical or steeply inclined body of rock. They act as pathways for magma movement and can be seen as wall-like structures that cut through layers of surrounding rock.
Batholiths are massive formations created when large amounts of magma slowly cool and solidify deep beneath the Earth's surface over a long period. These large rock bodies can cover thousands of square kilometers and are often exposed at the surface after extensive erosion.
All of these formations are created through the intrusion of magma into existing rock. As a result, they are classified as intrusive volcanic landforms, due to their origin beneath the Earth's surface, in contrast to extrusive volcanic landforms formed by lava cooling on the surface.
Question 11 Rapport
The innermost section of the Earth is the
Détails de la réponse
The innermost section of the Earth is the core. The Earth is composed of several layers, starting from the surface and moving inward. These layers, from the outside to the inside, are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.
1. Crust: This is the outermost layer of the Earth. It is very thin compared to the other layers and is where we live. The crust is made up of solid rocks and minerals.
2. Mantle: Located beneath the crust, the mantle is composed of semi-solid rock that flows slowly. It is the largest layer of the Earth by volume.
3. Core: The core itself is divided into two parts: the outer core and the inner core. The outer core is made of molten, liquid metal, while the inner core is made of solid metal, primarily iron and nickel. The core is the hottest section of the Earth, with extremely high temperatures and pressures. It is situated at the center of the Earth and provides heat that helps power the movement of tectonic plates and causes volcanic activity.
Therefore, when we refer to the innermost section of the Earth, we are specifically talking about the core, and more accurately, the inner core.
Question 12 Rapport
Détails de la réponse
The term over-population is best defined as the situation where the population exceeds available resources. This means that the number of people in an area is greater than the resources available to sustain them, such as food, water, shelter, and health care. It can lead to various problems including poverty, environmental degradation, and a strain on infrastructure. Over-population occurs when the existing resources cannot meet the needs of the people, resulting in hardship and reduced quality of life.
In contrast, having a birth rate equal to the death rate implies a stable population over time, not necessarily over-population. Increasing birth rate and decreasing infant mortality can contribute to population growth, but they do not solely define over-population. Finally, high population density refers to a large number of people living in a small area, which could lead to over-population if resources are insufficient, but high density alone does not equate to over-population.
Question 13 Rapport
If the local time at a place X is 12.00 noon when the G.M.T is 5.00a.m then X is located on longitude
Détails de la réponse
To determine the longitude of place X, we need to understand the relationship between time and longitude. The Earth is divided into 360 degrees of longitude, and it completes one full rotation (360 degrees) in 24 hours. Therefore, for every hour, the Earth rotates 15 degrees of longitude.
The given information is this:
The difference in time between GMT and the local time at place X is 7 hours (from 5:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon).
Calculation:
Now, we need to determine whether place X is east or west of the Prime Meridian (0° longitude, the reference line for GMT).
- Since the local time at place X is ahead of GMT (12:00 noon compared to 5:00 a.m.), it means X is east of the Prime Meridian.
Thus, place X is located on 105°E.
Question 14 Rapport
Which of the following lines of latitudes divides the earth into two hemispheres
Détails de la réponse
The line of latitude that divides the Earth into two hemispheres is the Equator. The Equator is an imaginary line that is drawn around the middle of the Earth. It is equidistant from the North and South Poles, and it is located at 0 degrees latitude.
Because it sits exactly halfway between the poles, the Equator splits the Earth into two equal parts: the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. The land and water areas located to the north of the Equator make up the Northern Hemisphere, while those located to the south comprise the Southern Hemisphere.
The importance of the Equator is not just in the division of hemispheres; it also plays a crucial role in climate. Regions located near the Equator typically experience a tropical climate with minimal temperature variations year-round.
In contrast, lines like the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are found north and south of the Equator, respectively, and they define the limits of the tropical zone. The Antarctic Circle is situated further south and marks a different climatic boundary.
Question 15 Rapport
Which of the following regions in Nigeria has an average height of over 100 metres above sea level?
Détails de la réponse
The Biu Plateau has an average height of over 100 meters above sea level. The Biu Plateau is a region of high ground in northeastern Nigeria
Question 16 Rapport
Détails de la réponse
Life expectancy refers to the average age at which people die. It is a statistical measure that estimates the average number of years a person is expected to live based on current mortality rates. Life expectancy can vary significantly based on various factors such as geography, lifestyle, healthcare quality, and socioeconomic status. It serves as an important indicator of a population's overall health and quality of life.
Question 17 Rapport
Which of the following best explains why wind action is more predominant in Arid regions than in Humid regions?
Détails de la réponse
Wind action is more predominant in arid regions due to the combination of loose surface materials and the absence of vegetation cover. In these regions, there is little moisture to bind soil particles together, making them easily detachable and transportable by wind. Without vegetation to stabilize the soil and buffer wind, these loose particles are swept away, leading to significant wind erosion.
Other reasons, such as insufficient drainage or strong winds, also play a role; however, the **primary** factors are the loose surface materials and lack of vegetation, allowing wind to act with greater intensity. In contrast, humid regions have ample vegetation and soil moisture, which significantly reduce the wind's ability to erode and transport surface material.
Question 18 Rapport
Détails de la réponse
To determine which option is not a proof of the Earth's spherical shape, let's examine each one:
Twilight and Dawn: Twilight and dawn occur when the Earth rotates, and the sun is below the horizon. The gradual increase or decrease in light during these times is due to the atmosphere bending or scattering sunlight. While this phenomenon is observed worldwide, it by itself doesn't directly indicate a spherical Earth. Instead, it emphasizes the Earth's rotation, which is consistent with a spherical shape.
Lunar Eclipse: During a lunar eclipse, when the Earth is directly between the sun and the moon, the Earth casts a shadow on the moon. This shadow is observed as a circular shape, which provides direct evidence that the Earth is spherical.
Aerial Photograph: Aerial photographs, when taken from a sufficient altitude, can show the curvature of the Earth. Photographs taken from high altitudes give visual evidence of the Earth's curved surface, supporting the spherical shape.
Sunrise and Sunset: The occurrence of sunrise and sunset happens due to the Earth's rotation on its axis. As the Earth rotates, different parts of the world experience sunlight and darkness. This rotation is consistent with the global experience of a spherical planet.
Conclusion: While all the listed phenomena have some connection to the Earth's rotation and shape, **twilight and dawn** do not directly serve as a proof of the Earth's spherical shape. They are more indicative of the rotational aspect and atmospheric effects rather than the shape itself.
Question 19 Rapport
Which of the following is not a type of mountain?
Détails de la réponse
There is no such thing as a "mountain of accumulation". The other options - conical mountain, block mountain, and fold mountain - are all types of mountains.
Question 20 Rapport
A line joining places having an equal degree of cloudiness is an
Détails de la réponse
A line joining places having an equal degree of cloudiness is called an isoneph.
To understand this better, let's break down some related terms:
So, when we are specifically talking about cloudiness, the correct term and line is an isoneph. This is useful in meteorology for visualizing and analyzing patterns of cloud coverage across different regions.
Question 21 Rapport
Which of the following rock types is coal associated with?
Détails de la réponse
Coal is associated with organically-formed sedimentary rocks.
To understand why coal is associated with this type of rock, let's break it down:
1. **Sedimentary Rocks:** These rocks are formed from particles or sediments that accumulate and consolidate over time. Sedimentary rocks can be broken down further into different types based on their origins.
2. **Organically-formed Sedimentary Rocks:** This subgroup specifically forms from the accumulation of organic material, including plants and animals. Over millions of years, the remains of plants (especially those from swampy or wetland areas) accumulate in layers. As more and more layers build up, the pressure and heat from above cause these plant materials to transform into coal. Thus, coal is formed over long geological periods, through the compression of organic plant material.
This process differentiates organically-formed sedimentary rocks from mechanically-formed sedimentary rocks, which result from the mechanical process of weathering and erosion of existing rocks, and from igneous rocks like plutonic, which form from the solidification of magma, and crystalline rocks, which are typically associated with metamorphic processes. Thus, **coal is uniquely tied to organically-formed sedimentary rocks because of its plant-based origin**.
Question 22 Rapport
Which of the following is an effect of rural-urban migration on the source region?
Rural unemployment
Détails de la réponse
Rural-urban migration refers to the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in search of better opportunities and living conditions. One of the main effects of this kind of migration is rural depopulation.
Here's why:
In summary, rural depopulation is one of the primary effects of rural-urban migration as it results in a decrease in the population of the rural areas being vacated.
Question 23 Rapport
The system of cultivation of tropical commercial crops estates is known as
Détails de la réponse
The system of cultivation of tropical commercial crops estates is known as plantation agriculture.
Plantation agriculture is a type of farming where a single crop, often a cash crop, is grown on a large area of land. This method is commonly seen in tropical areas where conditions favor the growth of certain commercial crops like tea, coffee, rubber, cocoa, and palm oil.
The defining characteristics of plantation agriculture include:
This system significantly contributes to the economies of tropical regions by generating foreign exchange and providing employment opportunities.
Question 24 Rapport
'It is a port that specializes in receiving and redistributing goods to the neighboring countries'. Which of the following ports is described in the preceding statement?
Détails de la réponse
The port described in the statement is an entrepôt. An entrepôt is a type of port or a trading post where goods are imported, stored, and then re-exported. It acts as a key transfer point in international trade, allowing products to be redistributed to neighboring countries. This concept operates on the idea that items arrive in bulk and then are sent out again, perhaps even modified or repackaged, often without the goods being subject to customs duties. In essence, an entrepôt streamlines the movement of goods, facilitating international commerce and boosting trade networks.
Question 25 Rapport
Détails de la réponse
The high population density in the Nile Valley is best explained by the presence of rich alluvial soil. The Nile River floods annually, depositing nutrient-rich silt along its banks, which creates fertile land perfect for agriculture. This fertile land supports farming, which is the primary means of livelihood for many people in the region. The availability of fertile soil allows for the cultivation of crops such as wheat, barley, and other foodstuffs, supporting a large population by providing food resources and encouraging human settlement. This agricultural productivity attracts people to settle, leading to a higher population density. It is not primarily due to climate, migration from Europe, or oil fields.
Question 26 Rapport
They are formed in layers and derived from old rocks and the remains of dead organic materials. This description refers
Détails de la réponse
The description in question refers to sedimentary rocks. These types of rocks are primarily formed through the accumulation of material, which can be particles derived from other rocks or the remains of dead plants and animals. Here is a simple breakdown:
Sedimentary rocks play a crucial role in our understanding of Earth's history. The layers can tell scientists a lot about the Earth's past environments, climate, and even the organisms that lived long ago.
Question 27 Rapport
Nigeria is located between longitude
Détails de la réponse
Nigeria, a country located in West Africa, is situated between the longitudes of 3°E and 15°E. Longitude lines are imaginary vertical lines that run across the Earth's surface from the North Pole to the South Pole. These lines help in determining the east-west position of a particular location on earth. By being positioned between 3°E and 15°E, Nigeria stretches from slightly east of the Prime Meridian, which is 0°, to 15° eastward. This geographical positioning affects several aspects like climate and time zone, making it an important detail in understanding the country's location globally.
Question 28 Rapport
The process of head ward erosion will lead to the formation of
Détails de la réponse
Let's understand the term **headward erosion**. **Headward erosion** refers to the process where a river or stream erodes its source region, causing the stream's origin to move backward away from the direction of water flow. This process can have several impacts and can lead to the formation of certain landforms.
Among the options provided, **headward erosion** is most commonly associated with the formation of **river capture**. When **headward erosion** continues over time, it can cause one river to extend its course and intersect with a neighboring river, capturing its flow. This event is known as **river capture** or **stream piracy**. Essentially, the rapid erosion at the river's source enables it to cut through the drainage divide and capture the headwaters of another river.
Let's briefly see why the other options are less relevant to **headward erosion**:
Therefore, the process of **headward erosion** most directly leads to the formation of **river capture**.
Question 29 Rapport
The most common mode of transportation in Africa is
Détails de la réponse
The **most common mode of transportation in Africa** is **road transportation**. This includes vehicles like cars, buses, and motorcycles that travel on roads and highways. Road transportation is widespread because it is **versatile** and can reach many rural and urban areas that are not accessible by other means of transportation. Roads are often less expensive to build and maintain compared to infrastructure needed for other modes such as railways or airports.
Despite the challenges such as limited road networks and varying road conditions in some regions, **road transportation remains the backbone** of both passenger and freight transport due to its **flexibility** and **accessibility**. In many African countries, it is the most relied upon form of transport connecting people to markets, healthcare facilities, schools, and places of employment.
Question 30 Rapport
Which of the following are best explains the drift of population from rural to the cities in Nigeria?
Détails de la réponse
The movement of population from rural areas to cities, commonly known as urbanization, is influenced by several factors, particularly economic and social opportunities. In the context of Nigeria, one of the most significant reasons is due to the availability of more job opportunities in the cities. Urban centers often offer a greater variety of employment possibilities compared to rural areas. These opportunities can be in industries, services, or various sectors requiring skilled and unskilled labor.
Economic development tends to be concentrated in cities, attracting individuals seeking better employment prospects and higher income potential. Many people move to urban areas in search of work that they cannot find in their rural hometowns, where agriculture may be the predominant source of livelihood with limited economic diversification.
Moreover, cities in Nigeria typically provide better recreational facilities and services than rural areas. These include access to modern amenities such as shopping centers, cinemas, sports facilities, and cultural events, which contribute to a higher quality of life. This aspect is appealing, particularly to younger generations, creating an added incentive for migration.
The other factors mentioned, such as food scarcity in rural areas, might contribute to migration but are often secondary compared to the employment factor. Many rural areas have agricultural activities, so food scarcity is not the primary reason; instead, it's the lack of economic opportunities that often triggers the movement.
Finally, while it is true that the cost of living in the cities is very high, especially in terms of housing and services, this is not a reason that attracts people to move. In fact, it might be a deterrent. Nonetheless, the potential for better income and lifestyle improvement in cities often outweighs the high cost of living for many migrants.
Question 31 Rapport
Copper is an important raw material in the
Détails de la réponse
Copper is an important raw material in the electrical industry. This is because copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, which means it allows electrical current to flow through it easily with minimal resistance. This property makes copper ideal for use in electrical wiring, motors, transformers, and other electrical components. Additionally, copper is highly durable, resistant to corrosion, and versatile, which further enhances its usefulness in electrical applications. The electrical industry relies heavily on copper to ensure reliable and efficient power transmission.
Question 32 Rapport
Which of the following countries is located within the Horn of Africa?
Détails de la réponse
The **Horn of Africa** is a prominent peninsula in East Africa that juts into the Arabian Sea. It consists primarily of four countries: **Ethiopia**, **Eritrea**, **Somalia**, and **Djibouti**. From the options provided, only **Djibouti** is located within the Horn of Africa. This makes Djibouti geographically significant in terms of its positioning in this specific region.
For further understanding, here is a brief description of the other countries mentioned:
Question 33 Rapport
Temperatures of adjacent coastlands are reduced when on - shore winds blow over cold currents because the
Détails de la réponse
The temperatures of adjacent coastlands are reduced when on-shore winds blow over cold currents primarily because the cold currents influence the temperature of the prevailing winds.
Here's how it works in simple terms:
When winds blow over the ocean surface, they pick up characteristics of the water beneath them. If these winds travel over a cold ocean current, the air they carry becomes cooler. As this cooler air moves onto the coastlands, it brings down the temperature of those areas. This is why coastlands experience reduced temperatures when on-shore winds carry the chill from cold ocean currents.
So, the key factor here is the cooling effect of the cold water, which cools the air above it, consequently lowering the temperature of the coastal regions the wind blows onto.
Question 34 Rapport
Which of the following features is shared by Hong Kong, Java and Manhattan?
Détails de la réponse
Hong Kong, Java, and Manhattan all share the feature of having a **high population density**. These regions are known for their concentrated population in relatively small areas. Here is a simple explanation for each:
In summary, the common feature among these locations is their **high population density**, where large numbers of people reside and engage in various activities within limited geographic spaces.
Question 35 Rapport
The outer layer of the earth is called the
Détails de la réponse
The outer layer of the Earth is called the crust. Let's understand this in simple terms:
The Earth is made up of several layers. Imagine the Earth like an onion with different layers, with each layer varying in composition and physical properties. The outermost of these layers is the crust.
The crust is similar to a thin shell around the Earth. It is very thin compared to the other layers and can be thought of as the Earth's skin. It is made up of solid rocks and minerals and is where we live and see landscapes, mountains, and oceans.
Below the crust is the mantle, which is much thicker and composed primarily of semi-solid rock. Therefore, when talking about the outermost layer, we refer specifically to the Earth's crust.
Question 36 Rapport
Which of the following best accounts for the decline in the importance of rail transport in Africa?
Détails de la réponse
The decline in the importance of rail transport in Africa can be best explained by the high competition from road transport. Here's why:
Accessibility and Flexibility: Road transport is generally more accessible and flexible compared to railways. Roads are available in most areas of Africa, including rural regions, allowing goods and passengers to reach their destinations directly without requiring transfer between modes of transport.
Cost-Effectiveness: In many cases, road transport can be more cost-effective because it eliminates the need for transferring goods at several points. The initial investment in road infrastructure and vehicles can also be less than maintaining or upgrading railway networks.
Adaptability to Infrastructure Limitations: Many railways in Africa suffer from outdated infrastructure, which can hinder their efficiency and reliability. On the other hand, road transport can easily adapt to newer roads and infrastructures as they are developed.
Length of Transport Routes: Although Africa is a vast continent, many trade routes within countries or regions are more economically feasible with road transport, especially for short to medium distances.
Overall, while other factors such as the low volume of goods and potential retrenchment threats exist, the dominance and rapid improvement in the road transport sector particularly highlight why rail transport has seen a decline in relevance. The flexibility and economic viability of road transport often make it a more attractive choice for businesses and individuals alike.
Question 37 Rapport
A geyser is best described as/an
Détails de la réponse
A geyser is best described as a fountain of superheated steam. This natural phenomenon occurs when water that is trapped beneath the Earth's surface is heated by geothermal activity, such as volcanic activity, deep underground. As the water is heated, it turns into steam and builds up pressure. This pressure eventually forces the steam and hot water to be expelled violently from the ground in a dramatic outburst, creating a fountain-like effect.
Let's break this down a bit more:
This distinct eruption is what characterizes a geyser and differentiates it from other geothermal features like hot springs or thermal pools, which do not erupt but simply release heat gradually into the water.
Question 38 Rapport
A mercury barometer is used for measuring
Détails de la réponse
A mercury barometer is used for measuring atmospheric pressure.
Here's a simple explanation:
A barometer is an instrument designed to measure the pressure exerted by the atmosphere. The atmosphere exerts pressure because of the mass of air above the Earth, and this pressure changes as you move up and down in altitude or due to weather systems.
A mercury barometer consists of a long glass tube closed at one end and filled with mercury. The open end of the tube is placed in a bowl of mercury, called a reservoir. The pressure from the air pushing down on the mercury in the bowl forces the mercury up the tube. When the atmospheric pressure is high, the mercury in the tube rises, and when the atmospheric pressure is low, the mercury level falls.
Thus, by measuring the height of the mercury column in the tube, we can determine the atmospheric pressure. In summary, a mercury barometer provides a way to directly observe changes in the atmospheric pressure.
Question 39 Rapport
On June 21st, when the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer,places in the Northern Hemisphere experience
Détails de la réponse
On June 21st, when the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, places in the Northern Hemisphere experience a phenomenon often referred to as the **Summer Solstice**. This day marks the point when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted closest to the Sun. As a result, it receives the most direct sunlight compared to any other day of the year.
During this time, the day is significantly longer than the night. This is because the Sun travels a longer path through the sky, remaining visible for a larger portion of the 24-hour day. Therefore, areas in the Northern Hemisphere experience a **longer day and shorter night**.
This occurrence is most noticeable the further north you go, with some regions near the Arctic Circle experiencing the phenomenon known as the "Midnight Sun," where the sun is visible at midnight.
Question 40 Rapport
The world's busiest shipping routes are on the
Détails de la réponse
The world's busiest shipping routes are found on the Atlantic Ocean. This ocean plays a crucial role in global trade and transportation due to several factors:
While other oceans like the Pacific and Indian Oceans are also important for global trade, the Atlantic Ocean remains particularly significant due to its connectivity and the economic powerhouses it links. The Antarctic Circle is not a major route due to its harsh environmental conditions and minimal human inhabitation, which reduces commercial sea traffic in that region.
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