JAMB UTME - Government - 2019

Antwortdetails

The principle that determines the pattern of interaction of a country in international politics is known as foreign policy. Foreign policy refers to the set of principles and strategies that guide a country's interactions with other countries and international organizations. It includes a wide range of activities, such as diplomacy, trade, defense, and development assistance, and is often shaped by a country's political, economic, and cultural interests and values. Foreign policy can be influenced by various factors, such as historical experiences, national security concerns, economic interests, ideological and cultural beliefs, and geopolitical considerations. Countries can adopt different types of foreign policies, such as isolationism, appeasement, containment, engagement, or multilateralism, depending on their goals and the international context. In summary, foreign policy is a crucial aspect of international relations, as it determines how a country interacts with others and contributes to the shaping of the global order.

Antwortdetails

A public authority is said to have ultra vires when it has acted beyond the boundaries of its duties as provided for in its enabling law or as prescribed by the Executive.

Antwortdetails

Opinion sampling may be necessary for various reasons such as aggregating popular thinking on a subject matter, preparing public expenditure, and evaluating political strength. However, it is not necessary to inspire public reasoning on population census. Opinion sampling is a method used to collect opinions from a sample of people to estimate the opinions of a larger population. It is used in various fields, including market research, politics, and social science research. Aggregating popular thinking on a subject matter is important for making informed decisions that align with the majority's views. Opinion sampling helps to collect and analyze data to reveal trends and patterns in people's thoughts and beliefs. Preparing public expenditure is another area where opinion sampling is necessary. Governments and organizations need to know what the public thinks about specific policies, budgets, and projects. This feedback helps them make decisions that reflect the needs and wants of the people they serve. Similarly, political parties often use opinion sampling to evaluate their political strength. This helps them understand the public's perception of their policies and how they can improve their chances of winning elections. However, inspiring public reasoning on population census does not require opinion sampling. Instead, this involves educating people on the importance of participating in a census and providing accurate information about their demographics.

Antwortdetails

The Nigerian council had a major defect that led to its replacement, which was that it was unrepresentative. This means that the council did not adequately represent the diverse interests of the Nigerian people. As a result, it failed to address the needs and concerns of all Nigerians, and its decisions and policies did not reflect the views of the majority. This defect undermined the legitimacy of the council and made it ineffective in governing the country. As a consequence, it became necessary to replace the council with a more representative and inclusive system of governance that could better serve the interests of all Nigerians.

Antwortdetails

The duty of amending the United Nations Charter, the foundational document that established the United Nations, falls under the responsibility of the General Assembly. The General Assembly is the main deliberative body of the United Nations, where all member states have equal representation and participate in decision-making on important issues related to international peace and security, development, human rights, and more. Amending the Charter is a serious matter that requires a consensus among the member states, and the General Assembly plays a critical role in facilitating the process of proposing, debating, and adopting any changes to the Charter. Therefore, the General Assembly is the appropriate body to undertake this responsibility.

Antwortdetails

In recent times, one of the proposed solutions to address the challenges related to the federal structure of Nigeria is "restructuring". Restructuring essentially means a fundamental change in the way power and resources are distributed between the central government and the constituent units (such as states) in the country. Advocates of restructuring argue that it would help address some of the major issues facing Nigeria such as the over-concentration of power and resources in the central government, the marginalization of some regions, and the inability of the federal government to effectively address the diverse needs of the country's different regions. The specific proposals for restructuring may vary, but they generally involve reducing the powers of the federal government and devolving more powers and resources to the states, including control over natural resources, revenue generation, and the establishment of state police forces. However, there are also opposing views that restructuring could lead to the fragmentation of the country and potentially fuel secessionist movements. Ultimately, the debate around restructuring is ongoing and will require extensive dialogue and engagement among various stakeholders in Nigeria.

Antwortdetails

The correct answer is: Civil Service; Public Service. The Civil Service is the body of employees that are responsible for implementing the policies and programs of the government. Their primary duty is to ensure that the policies and programs of the government are carried out effectively and efficiently. The Public Service, on the other hand, is the entire system of people and organizations that work together to deliver services to the public. This includes not only the Civil Service, but also other bodies such as local government, healthcare providers, and educational institutions. Therefore, the primary duty of the Civil Service is to implement the target programmes of the government, as part of the broader duty of the Public Service to deliver services to the public.

Antwortdetails

The basis of the Nigerian foreign policy thrust particularly during the Independence Constitution era was afrocentric in nature. This means that Nigeria prioritized and valued the interests and needs of African nations and people over those of European nations or other foreign powers. The country sought to promote unity and cooperation among African nations, support African liberation movements, and advocate for African self-determination and independence. This policy was based on the belief that African nations should work together to achieve economic, political, and social progress, and that Nigeria had a responsibility to help lead this effort as a newly independent African country.

Antwortdetails

Political socialisation refers to the series of learning processes and experiences which serve to sharpen the orientation and perspective of the people to their democratic affairs.

Antwortdetails

2/3 majority support or vote of the National Assembly members was enough under the 1963 Constitution to remove a federal judge.

Antwortdetails

Under the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria, the Chief Law Officer is the Attorney-General and the Supreme Court Judge is the Chief Justice. The Attorney-General is responsible for giving legal advice to the government and representing the government in legal matters. The Chief Justice, on the other hand, is the head of the Supreme Court and presides over the court. The Chief Justice is responsible for ensuring that the judiciary operates effectively and efficiently and for interpreting the constitution.

Antwortdetails

The West African Students' Union (WASU) was formed in 1925. This was an organization created by students from different countries in West Africa who were studying in Britain. The main goal of the union was to advocate for the rights of West Africans and to promote their interests. It also aimed to foster unity among West African students studying in Britain and to create a sense of identity and belonging. The union was one of the first pan-African organizations to emerge and played an important role in the struggle for independence and self-determination in West Africa.

Antwortdetails

The Executive Council of the African Union makes decisions by consensus. This means that all members of the council work together to reach a common agreement that everyone can support. Consensus is a decision-making process where everyone's opinions and concerns are taken into account and a solution is reached that is acceptable to all. It is a collaborative approach that encourages open communication, active listening, and compromise. Unlike a majority vote, consensus ensures that everyone's ideas are valued and incorporated into the final decision, leading to more effective and inclusive outcomes. The veto of the General Secretariat is not a decision-making mechanism used by the Executive Council.

Antwortdetails

Aristotle is noted for having said "man by nature is a political animal". This means that according to Aristotle, human beings have a natural inclination towards living in communities and participating in political activities. He believed that humans are social animals and require the presence of others in order to fulfill their needs and desires, and that living in a political society is necessary for human beings to reach their full potential.

Antwortdetails

As part of the Commissions set up for the review of the Nigerian federalism challenges, the Chick's commission was set up in 1953.

Antwortdetails

Unlike the position under the present 1999 Constitution as amended, each state was permitted to elect 5 senators into the House of Representatives.

Antwortdetails

The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) is attributable to the military regime of Ibrahim Babangida in Nigeria. The AFRC was the highest decision-making body during Babangida's rule from 1985 to 1993, and it was made up of military officers who ruled the country by decree. The council was established after Babangida overthrew the previous military regime of Muhammadu Buhari, and it continued to wield significant power until Babangida's eventual resignation in 1993. Therefore, "Ibrahim Babangida's regime," is the correct answer.

Antwortdetails

Seek an appeal under another judgement is the best answer because the right to seek redress as a fundamental element of rule of law must mean that aggrieved parties should be afforded the opportunity to have their cases re-examined especially by a court of higher authority.

Antwortdetails

The legitimate claims and entitlements available to a community of people by reasons of birth, residence, and/or certification are known as their citizenship rights. Citizenship rights refer to the legal, political, and social rights that a person enjoys by being a member of a particular country or state. These rights can include the right to vote, to work, to access healthcare, education, and social services, to own property, to express oneself freely, and to be protected by the law. Citizenship rights are typically based on the principle of jus soli (right of the soil) or jus sanguinis (right of blood), which determine the conditions for acquiring citizenship by birth or descent. In some cases, citizenship can also be acquired through naturalization or marriage. Citizenship rights are an essential component of democratic societies, as they provide a framework for the participation, representation, and protection of all members of a community, regardless of their social status, race, ethnicity, religion, or gender. They reflect the idea that every person has inherent dignity and worth and should be treated with equal respect and consideration under the law. In summary, citizenship rights are a set of legal, political, and social entitlements that are attached to the status of being a citizen and aim to promote the welfare, dignity, and freedom of individuals and the common good of society as a whole.

Antwortdetails

The National Assembly in the second republic was made up of the Lower House and the House of Representatives. The Lower House, also known as the House of Commons, was made up of elected members who represented their constituencies. They were responsible for introducing and passing bills related to the governance of the country. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, was made up of appointed members who represented various interest groups and were tasked with advising the government on policy matters. Together, the Lower House and the House of Representatives formed the National Assembly, which was the legislative arm of the government in the second republic.

Antwortdetails

The Authur Richard Constitution of 1946 set the foundational road map for a full fledged federalism for Nigeria starting essentially with the Lyttleton's 1954 Constitution, and built upon thereafter.

Antwortdetails

The correct answer is the writ of mandamus. A writ of mandamus is a court order that requires a lower court or public corporation to perform its duties as required by law. The writ is used as a legal remedy when a government official or entity refuses to perform a duty that is required by law. This writ is often referred to as the "great writ" because of its power to force public officials to take action. In simple terms, a writ of mandamus is a way for a person to ask a higher court to make a lower court or public corporation do something that it is supposed to do, but is not doing. This helps to ensure that government officials and entities follow the law and perform their duties properly.

Antwortdetails

The General Assembly is the most representative organ of the United Nations. This is because all 193 member states of the United Nations have equal representation in the General Assembly, meaning each country has one vote. The General Assembly meets once a year and is responsible for discussing and making recommendations on a wide range of issues, including peace and security, development, and human rights. The General Assembly is also responsible for electing members to other UN bodies, such as the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council. In this way, the General Assembly represents the collective voice of all member states in the United Nations.

Antwortdetails

The area from which one or more members or representatives are elected to hold public office is called the electoral constituency. This means that the people who live in a particular geographical area, such as a neighborhood or region, get to vote for the person they want to represent them in government. This person can be elected to represent their constituency at the local, state, or national level, depending on the rules of the particular electoral system. The electoral constituency is an important part of the democratic process, as it allows individuals to have a say in who represents them and makes decisions on their behalf.

Antwortdetails

A predominant feature of the precolonial governance system was that customary laws were prevalent. This means that the laws and rules were based on traditional customs and practices of the communities and were passed down from generation to generation. These customary laws played a significant role in shaping the way people lived and governed themselves. They were generally unwritten and shaped by the cultural, social and economic conditions of the time. The governance structures in these societies were usually based on these customary laws, and the leaders were chosen based on their ability to uphold them.

Antwortdetails

Popular or political sovereignty belongs to the people through which the government by the constitution obtains all its powers and authorities.

Antwortdetails

trictly speaking, independence of the judiciary isn't restricted to the idea of non-interference by the legislature or executive or either of agencies on judicial decision making but particularly ensuring that all the gateways to the activities that may put the judiciary in a vulnerable state to the other arms of government must be shut down.

Antwortdetails

The hausa/fulani empire for geo-political reasons apportioned different portfolios of authorities for serve the multiplicity of functions and administrative interests. The offices of Sarkin fada, as head of palace workers, Waziri as prime minister among others are pointers in this regard.

Antwortdetails

The Hakimi was the titled administrative officers in charge of the districts in the heterogeneous Hausa/Fulani Empire.

Antwortdetails

Delegated Legislation is supported largely because certain specialist idea is needed for the purpose of rule making on areas upon which the legislature may not have sufficient knowledge and skill in. Example, the INEC is empowered to make election guidelines and regulations aside the Electoral Act and in furtherance of its duties.

Antwortdetails

Citizenship by naturalization refers to the process by which a non-citizen becomes a legal member of a state. It is different from citizenship by marriage or registration, which involve different criteria for obtaining citizenship. Naturalization usually involves satisfying constitutional requirements, such as residing in the country for a certain period of time, passing a citizenship test, and demonstrating knowledge of the country's language and customs. It is an honorable way of attaining citizenship, but it is not an honorary means. Citizenship by birth, on the other hand, is when someone is automatically granted citizenship by being born in a particular country, regardless of their parents' nationality. Naturalization is a legal process that involves the judiciary, but it is not certification for citizenship by birth.

Antwortdetails

The solidarity for self-governance system and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and Non-Africans in diaspora is termed Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism is a political and social movement that originated in the late 19th century and early 20th century among Africans and people of African descent, both on the African continent and in the diaspora. The movement sought to promote solidarity among Africans and people of African descent, as well as to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers. Pan-Africanism emerged in response to the colonization of Africa and the oppression of people of African descent around the world. The movement was driven by the belief that people of African descent shared a common history, culture, and destiny, and that they should work together to achieve their liberation and equality. Pan-Africanism has taken many forms over the years, from cultural and artistic expressions to political and economic cooperation. Its goals have included the establishment of independent African states, the promotion of African unity, the advancement of economic and social development in Africa, and the elimination of racism and discrimination against people of African descent worldwide. In summary, Pan-Africanism is the term used to describe the solidarity for self-governance and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and people of African descent in the diaspora. The movement seeks to promote unity and cooperation among people of African descent and to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers.

Antwortdetails

The form of government that has the slogan of 'ruling of the best' is Aristocracy. Aristocracy is a type of government where a small group of privileged individuals hold power, typically based on their wealth, social status, or intelligence. The term "aristocracy" comes from the Greek words "aristos," which means "best," and "kratos," which means "rule." The idea behind aristocracy is that those who are deemed to be the best and most capable individuals should be the ones to lead the government and make decisions on behalf of the people. This is in contrast to democracy, where power is held by the people as a whole, and decisions are made through a process of popular vote.

Antwortdetails

A liberal political party often seeks to argue for change and transformation of the present state of things in a state including those matters of relative social and economic importance.

Antwortdetails

Unlike the ethnic based philosophy, nature or outlook of the Action Group, Northern Peoples Congress in the First Republic, a multi-ethnic and all embracing political party is that with a Nation wide outlook

Antwortdetails

In a capitalist system, there is a clear differentiation gap between the ruling class and the ruled or the proletarates.

Antwortdetails

The primary essence of a public corporation is public utility. A public corporation is a legal entity that is created by the government to perform a specific public function. The primary purpose of a public corporation is to provide essential services to the public, such as transportation, water supply, and electricity, among others. These services are necessary for the well-being of the general public, and as such, the public corporation is created to ensure that they are efficiently and effectively provided. While a public corporation may generate revenue and make a profit, the main focus is on providing public services rather than maximizing profits. As a result, a public corporation is subject to more regulation and oversight than a private corporation, as it is accountable to the public and the government. In summary, the primary essence of a public corporation is public utility, as it is created by the government to provide essential services to the public rather than to maximize profits or formulate government policies or resolve administrative disputes.

Antwortdetails

It must be stated with emphatic clarity that the annexation of Lagos as a 'Colony' in 1861 is significant to the effectuation of colonialism in Nigeria. All the other factors of economic advantage and the spread of christianity are complementary and implied reasons.

Antwortdetails

While declaration of war is the duty of the executive, the legislature approves or disapproves of it as embarking on war means and requires additional expenditure and budget scrutiny.

Antwortdetails

The ideology of regressive imperialism is pure economic advantage and enrichment of the imperialists devoid of any ethical consideration.