JAMB UTME - Geography - 2021
Frage 1 Bericht
Which of the following is not caused by the earth's rotation?
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Seasonal changes are not caused by the earth's rotation. The earth's rotation is responsible for causing day and night, as the rotation of the earth on its axis causes the sun to appear to rise and set each day. It is also responsible for the deflection of winds and ocean currents. Seasonal changes, on the other hand, are caused by the tilt of the earth's axis as it revolves around the sun. The earth's axis is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees, which causes different parts of the earth to receive different amounts of solar radiation as the earth orbits the sun. This results in the changes in temperature and weather patterns that we experience as the seasons. In summary, seasonal changes are not caused by the earth's rotation, but rather by the earth's tilt as it orbits the sun. The earth's rotation, however, does cause day and night and the deflection of winds and ocean currents.
Frage 2 Bericht
Which of the following statements is true of the North Atlantic Sea route?
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Frage 3 Bericht
Which of the following is a way of controlling soil erosion
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Contour ploughing is a way of controlling soil erosion. Soil erosion is the process of the removal of topsoil by agents such as wind or water. When the topsoil is removed, it leads to the loss of important nutrients and organic matter that are necessary for plant growth. Soil erosion also leads to the degradation of the soil structure, making it difficult for plants to grow. Contour ploughing involves ploughing furrows along the contours of a slope rather than up and down. This helps to slow down the runoff of water and reduce soil erosion. By ploughing along the contour, the furrows act as a barrier that traps water and allows it to soak into the soil. This helps to improve the water-holding capacity of the soil, which is essential for plant growth. In summary, contour ploughing is an effective way of controlling soil erosion because it helps to slow down the runoff of water and reduce soil loss.
Frage 4 Bericht
_______ is defined as the total surrounding or medium of any organism in a given area
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The term that is defined as the total surrounding or medium of any organism in a given area is "environment". Environment refers to the sum total of all biotic and abiotic factors that affect an organism in a given area. Biotic components refer to all living organisms in an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. Abiotic components, on the other hand, refer to all non-living factors, such as water, air, sunlight, temperature, soil, and minerals, that affect living organisms. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms, along with their non-living environment, that interact with each other. Therefore, an ecosystem is made up of both biotic and abiotic components, and it is a specific unit of the environment that can be studied as a distinct entity.
Frage 5 Bericht
One of the following surveying instruments is used to set out lines at right angles to the main chain line
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The surveying instrument used to set out lines at right angles to the main chain line is an optical square. An optical square is a simple, yet precise surveying instrument that consists of two mirrors that are set at exactly 90 degrees to each other. It is used to establish perpendicular lines or right angles to the main chain line during the surveying process. The instrument is set up by placing it on the ground with one mirror facing down the main chain line and the other mirror facing at right angles to the main chain line. To use the optical square, a surveyor would first set up the main chain line using a steel band or another measuring instrument. Once the main chain line has been established, the optical square is set up and aligned with the main chain line. The mirror facing down the main chain line reflects the view of the surveyor along the line, while the other mirror reflects the view at right angles to the main chain line. This allows the surveyor to set out lines at right angles to the main chain line with a high degree of accuracy. In summary, the optical square is a surveying instrument used to set out lines at right angles to the main chain line by reflecting views along the main chain line and at right angles to it.
Frage 6 Bericht
Which of the following towns is not a precolonial town
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Enugu is not a precolonial town. Precolonial refers to the time period before the colonization of a particular area or region by European powers. In Nigeria, many towns and cities existed before the arrival of the Europeans, and these are referred to as precolonial towns. Ilorin, Bida, and Ibadan are all precolonial towns in Nigeria. They existed as independent kingdoms and city-states with their own unique cultures, traditions, and forms of governance long before the arrival of the Europeans. Enugu, on the other hand, was not a precolonial town. The town was founded in the early 20th century by the British colonial authorities as a coal mining settlement. While there were some settlements and villages in the area before the arrival of the British, Enugu did not exist as a town or city with a defined political and social structure until it was established by the colonial authorities.
Frage 7 Bericht
Which of the following farming activity best describes the rearing of only animals like cattle, sheep and goat mainly in the savanna belt of the north?
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Pastoral farming best describes the rearing of only animals like cattle, sheep, and goat mainly in the savanna belt of the north. Pastoral farming is a type of agricultural activity that involves the rearing of domesticated animals, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, in an extensive system, where the animals are allowed to roam freely over large areas of land. Pastoral farming is often practiced in regions with large areas of grassland, such as the savanna belt in the north of Nigeria, where the animals are able to find enough food and water to sustain themselves. Intensive farming, on the other hand, is a type of agricultural activity that involves the intensive use of inputs, such as land, labor, and capital, to maximize production. Intensive farming is often practiced in regions with high population densities and limited land resources. Animal farming is a general term that can refer to any type of farming that involves the rearing of animals, including both pastoral and intensive farming. Mixed farming is a type of agricultural activity that involves the simultaneous production of crops and livestock, often on the same piece of land.
Frage 8 Bericht
Which of the following is not a sea route?
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The option "London - Moscow - Baghdad" is not a sea route. This is a land route as it does not involve any sea transportation. The other three options are sea routes as they involve transportation by sea between the cities mentioned.
Frage 10 Bericht
Which of the following countries is located in North Africa.
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Algeria is located in North Africa. North Africa is a region of the African continent that includes several countries such as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Sahara Desert to the south. Zaire, also known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is located in Central Africa. Rwanda is located in East Africa. Namibia is located in Southern Africa. Therefore, the correct answer is Algeria.
Frage 11 Bericht
The following are responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America except
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The option that is not responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America is "inadequate capital". The concentration of industries in eastern United States is due to the availability of two important factors: a large market and abundant natural resources. The eastern region of the US has a large population that provides a ready market for industrial products. Additionally, the region has numerous natural resources such as coal, iron ore, and waterways that are necessary for industrial production. High technology can also contribute to the concentration of industries in eastern United States as it attracts skilled labor and supports innovation. However, it is not the primary factor responsible for the concentration of industries in the region. On the other hand, inadequate capital would hinder industrial growth and development. Therefore, it cannot be responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States.
Frage 12 Bericht
The following are volcanic mountains except
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Monadnock of the USA is not a volcanic mountain. Volcanic mountains are formed when molten rock (magma) rises to the surface and erupts, building up layer upon layer of solidified rock and ash. Some examples of well-known volcanic mountains include Cotopaxi in Ecuador, Mount Fuji in Japan, and Mount Merapi in Sumatra. Monadnock, on the other hand, is a type of mountain called a monadnock or inselberg, which means "island mountain." These are isolated hills or mountains that rise abruptly from surrounding flat or gently sloping terrain and are often made of hard, resistant rock that has not been worn away by erosion. Monadnock is a monadnock and was formed through the uplift of a large mass of rock and the subsequent erosion of the surrounding land.
Frage 13 Bericht
Nigeria's major export commodity is
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Nigeria's major export commodity is petroleum, also known as crude oil. Petroleum is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. It is a valuable resource that is used in a wide range of applications, including transportation, power generation, and manufacturing. In Nigeria, petroleum was discovered in the 1950s, and it has since become the country's major export commodity, accounting for a significant portion of the country's revenue. Nigeria is one of the largest oil producers in Africa and one of the top oil exporters in the world. The oil industry has had a significant impact on Nigeria's economy, providing employment opportunities and contributing to the country's economic growth. However, there have also been concerns about the environmental impact of oil exploration and the management of the revenue generated from the industry. In summary, Nigeria's major export commodity is petroleum, which is a valuable resource used in various industries. The discovery and production of oil have had a significant impact on Nigeria's economy, but there are also challenges and concerns associated with the industry.
Frage 14 Bericht
In Nigeria, which of the following vegetation zones is best known for timber exploitation?
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The vegetation zone in Nigeria that is best known for timber exploitation is the rain forest. The rain forest is a vegetation zone characterized by a dense growth of tall trees and high rainfall, which is conducive to the growth of large trees suitable for timber production. This type of vegetation is found in the southern part of Nigeria, particularly in states such as Cross River, Akwa Ibom, Rivers, and Delta. In these areas, there are many timber companies that engage in the logging and processing of timber from the rain forest. The timber industry is an important sector of the Nigerian economy, as timber is used for a variety of purposes such as construction, furniture making, and paper production. However, it is important to note that unsustainable logging practices can lead to deforestation and habitat loss, which can have negative impacts on biodiversity and the ecosystem. Therefore, it is important to ensure that logging activities are carried out in a sustainable manner, with measures taken to preserve the forest and its biodiversity for future generations.
Frage 15 Bericht
These are landforms producing agent except
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Out of the given options, storms are not a landform producing agent. Landforms are natural features on the Earth's surface, such as mountains, valleys, and plains, that are created over long periods of time through the actions of various agents. These agents include natural forces such as water, wind, ice, and gravity. Waves, rivers, and glaciers are all agents that can shape the Earth's surface over time. Waves can erode coastlines and create features like sea cliffs and sea caves. Rivers can carve out valleys and canyons through erosion and transport sediment downstream. Glaciers can also erode and transport sediment, as well as create features such as moraines and U-shaped valleys. On the other hand, storms are not an agent that shapes the Earth's surface in a significant way. Storms are short-lived weather events that can cause erosion and deposition in some areas, but they are not powerful enough to create significant landforms on their own. However, storms can interact with other landforming agents like rivers and waves, exacerbating their effects and creating more dramatic changes to the landscape.
Frage 16 Bericht
Which of the following gives the correct full meaning of G.I.S?
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The correct full meaning of GIS is Geographic Information System. GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage and present spatial or geographical data. It combines hardware, software, and data to create digital maps that can be used to analyze and visualize information related to geographic locations. GIS technology is used in a wide range of applications such as urban planning, natural resource management, emergency response, and many others. In summary, GIS stands for Geographic Information System and it is a system used to capture, store, analyze, and present spatial data related to geographic locations.
Frage 17 Bericht
Cement factory is usually located near
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Cement factories are usually located near sources of raw materials. Raw materials such as limestone, clay, shale, and other minerals are used to produce cement. These materials are usually found in abundance in certain geological formations or deposits. Transporting these raw materials over long distances can be costly and time-consuming, so it makes sense for cement factories to be located as close as possible to the sources of these materials. This helps to keep production costs low and ensures a steady supply of raw materials for the factory. Additionally, being close to the raw materials can also help to reduce the environmental impact of the factory. If the raw materials have to be transported over long distances, this can lead to increased emissions from transportation vehicles, which can contribute to air pollution and climate change. Therefore, to ensure the efficient and sustainable production of cement, it is common for cement factories to be located near sources of raw materials.
Frage 18 Bericht
Use the map below to answer this question above
What is the feature labelled K on the map is
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Frage 19 Bericht
The following are the importance of highland in Nigeria except
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The importance of highlands in Nigeria does not include being a source of minerals. Highlands are elevated areas of land that are generally located at higher altitudes than the surrounding areas. In Nigeria, there are several highland areas, including the Jos Plateau and the Mambilla Plateau. These highlands have several important features and benefits. One of the key benefits of highlands is that they occupy good land that is suitable for agriculture. The higher altitudes often mean cooler temperatures, which can be beneficial for certain crops. Additionally, the soil in highland areas may be richer and more fertile, which can result in higher crop yields. Highlands can also serve as settlement sites, as they are often more defensible than lowland areas. Historically, many highland areas in Nigeria have been used as sites for forts and other defensive structures. Another important feature of highlands is that they are often the source of rivers. The high elevations allow for the accumulation of water, which can then flow downhill and form rivers and other bodies of water. These rivers can be important sources of water for irrigation, as well as for domestic and industrial use. While highlands may contain minerals, they are not typically a major source of mineral resources in Nigeria. Mineral resources in Nigeria are more commonly found in other areas, such as the Niger Delta and the Jos Plateau. In summary, highlands in Nigeria are important for their suitability for agriculture, their historical use as settlement sites, and their role as sources of rivers. While they may contain minerals, this is not typically their primary importance.
Frage 20 Bericht
Which of the following is an effect of the earth's revolution?
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One effect of the earth's revolution is that it determines a year. The earth takes approximately 365.24 days to complete one orbit around the sun, which is known as a year. As the earth moves around the sun, it also causes changes in the amount of sunlight that different parts of the planet receive, which in turn affects the seasons. The tilt of the earth's axis also plays a role in determining the seasons. As the earth moves in its orbit, different parts of the planet are tilted towards or away from the sun, which causes the variations in the amount of daylight and darkness we experience throughout the year. Therefore, while day and night, dawn and twilight, and apparent sunrise and sunset are also effects of the earth's rotation, the revolution primarily determines a year.
Frage 21 Bericht
Where the salinity of an ocean is high;
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When the salinity of an ocean is high, the ocean water becomes more dense. This dense water tends to sink towards the bottom of the ocean and flow along the ocean floor towards areas where the salinity is lower. So, the correct answer is: the ocean water is dense and creeps at the bottom of the ocean towards low salinity areas.
Frage 22 Bericht
The following are seaports used in the North Atlantic sea route except
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Frage 24 Bericht
The type of water left in the soil after excess water has been drained off, following heavy rainfall is known as
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The type of water left in the soil after excess water has been drained off following heavy rainfall is known as field capacity. Field capacity refers to the amount of water that the soil can hold after excess water has drained away and the soil particles have become saturated. This water is held in the soil by a combination of gravity and the attraction between water molecules and soil particles. In other words, field capacity is the point at which the soil is neither too wet nor too dry, and it is the maximum amount of water that can be stored in the soil and still be available for plants to use.
Frage 25 Bericht
An example of a coastline of emergence is
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An example of a coastline of emergence is a raised beach. A coastline of emergence refers to a type of coastline that is formed when the land is rising relative to the sea level. This can be caused by tectonic activity or changes in the level of the land due to the melting of glaciers. When the land rises, the sea level falls, which exposes the previously submerged shoreline. This results in the formation of a raised beach, which is a distinctive feature of a coastline of emergence. A raised beach is a beach that is located above the current sea level, and it is typically characterized by a flat or gently sloping surface. Other features of a coastline of emergence may include sea cliffs, wave-cut platforms, and marine terraces. These features are formed by the erosion of the land by the sea when it was at a higher level, followed by the uplift of the land. An example of a coastline of emergence can be found along the coast of Norway. The Norwegian coastline has experienced significant uplift due to tectonic activity, which has resulted in the formation of raised beaches, sea cliffs, and marine terraces. In summary, a coastline of emergence is a type of coastline that is formed when the land rises relative to the sea level. One of the distinctive features of this type of coastline is a raised beach, which is a beach that is located above the current sea level. An example of a coastline of emergence can be found along the coast of Norway.
Frage 27 Bericht
Frage 29 Bericht
In a combined maximum and minimum thermometer, the difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for that day gives the
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The difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for a particular day is called the diurnal range of temperature. A combined maximum and minimum thermometer records both the highest and lowest temperatures that occur during a given period, typically a day. The highest temperature recorded is the maximum daily temperature, and the lowest temperature recorded is the minimum daily temperature. The diurnal range of temperature is the difference between these two values, indicating how much the temperature fluctuated over the course of the day. For example, if the highest temperature recorded was 30 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature recorded was 15 degrees Celsius, then the diurnal range of temperature for that day would be 15 degrees Celsius.
Frage 30 Bericht
Which of the following is a vegetation characteristics of the Tropical rainforest?
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Frage 31 Bericht
Which of the following zones is the least industrialized in Nigeria?
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Frage 33 Bericht
Which of the following is not an element of climate
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Attitude is not an element of climate. Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, wind, and air pressure in a particular area. Attitude refers to a person's feelings or opinions about something, and does not relate to the physical characteristics of the climate.
Frage 34 Bericht
Kossou Dam is located on River
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Kossou Dam is located on the Bandama River. The Bandama River is a major river in Ivory Coast, located in West Africa. The Kossou Dam is one of the largest dams on this river, and it is an important source of hydroelectric power for the country. The dam was built in the 1960s and is located about 60 kilometers north of the city of Yamoussoukro. The Bandama River is approximately 800 kilometers long and is the longest river entirely within Ivory Coast. It is an important source of water for irrigation and other agricultural activities, and it is also an important transportation route for goods and people. The Kossou Dam was built to harness the power of the Bandama River and generate electricity for the country. The dam has a capacity of 174 megawatts and is able to supply power to much of the country. In addition to generating electricity, the dam also helps to control flooding in the area and provides water for irrigation and other purposes. In summary, the Kossou Dam is located on the Bandama River in Ivory Coast. The Bandama River is an important source of water for irrigation and transportation, and the dam is an important source of hydroelectric power for the country.
Frage 36 Bericht
Nigeria is located between longitudes
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Nigeria is located between longitudes 3°E and 15°E. Longitude is a measure of distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. The Prime Meridian has a longitude of 0°, and all other longitudes are measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian. Nigeria is located in West Africa, and its easternmost point is about 3°E, while its westernmost point is about 15°E. Therefore, Nigeria is located between longitudes 3°E and 15°E.
Frage 37 Bericht
A major percentage of the world's exports of citrus fruits is from the
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A major percentage of the world's exports of citrus fruits comes from the Mediterranean region. The Mediterranean region, which includes countries such as Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey, has a warm and sunny climate that is ideal for growing citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. These fruits are widely cultivated in the region, and a large portion of the production is exported to other countries. This region has long been known for its fertile soils and favorable growing conditions, making it one of the major citrus-producing areas in the world. In addition, the Mediterranean region has a long history of citrus cultivation and a strong tradition of producing high-quality fruit. So, while citrus fruits can be grown in other regions such as the tropical and cool temperate regions, the Mediterranean region remains the largest exporter of these fruits.
Frage 38 Bericht
River regime is best described as the
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River regime is best described as the seasonal variation in the volume of water in a river. It refers to the pattern of the flow of water in a river over the course of a year, which is affected by changes in temperature, precipitation, and other factors. The river regime describes the variations in the discharge, or the amount of water flowing in the river, over time. This variation can be influenced by several factors, such as the amount and timing of rainfall, the amount of snowmelt, and the presence of dams or other structures that regulate the flow of the river. In some regions, rivers have a well-defined regime with distinct seasons of high and low water, while in other regions, the regime may be less predictable due to more erratic weather patterns. Understanding the river regime is important for managing water resources, predicting floods, and maintaining ecosystems that depend on the natural flow of rivers.
Frage 39 Bericht
Which of the following is not a graphical representation of statistical data?
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Frage 40 Bericht
__________ is a highland area which seperates the headstreams of rivers flowing in different directions but rising from the same mountainous source
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The term that fits the given definition is "watershed." A watershed is a highland area that separates the headwaters of rivers that flow in different directions but originate from the same mountainous source. Think of it as a dividing line that determines which direction rainwater will flow. Rain that falls on one side of the watershed will flow into one river, while rain that falls on the other side will flow into a different river. This separation is important because it affects the water quality and quantity of each river, and it can have significant impacts on the ecosystems that depend on those rivers.
