JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2022

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The arrangement of the Glorious Qur'an was divinely inspired.

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Uthman b. Affan was a prominent companion of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and the third caliph of the Islamic Ummah. He was born into the Banu Umayyah clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, which was a powerful and influential family in pre-Islamic Arabia. The Banu Umayyah were known for their wealth and status, and they held a prominent position in the affairs of Mecca. Uthman himself was known for his wealth and generosity, and he played a significant role in the early development of Islam. He was one of the first Muslims to migrate to Medina, and he was known for his close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that Uthman b. Affan was born into the family of Banu Umayyah, and not Banu Quraysh, Banu Sa'd, or Banu Qaynuqah.

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Belief in the Prophets of Allah (God) implies that one should emulate their examples in serving humanity. Prophets are considered to be role models for believers and are revered for their moral and spiritual qualities. Muslims believe that the Prophets were chosen by Allah to guide humanity and convey His message to them. By believing in the Prophets, one acknowledges the importance of their teachings and the wisdom they imparted. Muslims are encouraged to learn from the examples set by the Prophets and to apply their teachings in their own lives. This includes serving humanity, promoting justice and compassion, and striving to make the world a better place. Muslims believe that emulating the Prophets in these ways is a way of pleasing Allah and fulfilling one's purpose in life. Visiting the tombs of the Prophets is not a requirement of belief in Islam, although some Muslims may choose to do so out of reverence for the Prophets. Similarly, withdrawing from society and living a solitary life is not a requirement of belief in Islam. Instead, Muslims are encouraged to engage with the world and contribute positively to society, following the example of the Prophets.

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The divine attribute of omnipotence is implied in the attribute of "al-Qadir" (the All-Powerful). This means that Allah has the power and ability to do anything that is logically possible, including creating the universe, sustaining it, and controlling everything within it. Allah's power is limitless and absolute, and He can do anything without any constraints or limitations. This attribute is a fundamental belief in Islam and is emphasized throughout the Quran. It is important to note, however, that Allah's power is always exercised in accordance with His wisdom and justice, and is not arbitrary or capricious.

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The waiting period of a divorced woman in Islam is called "iddah". It is a specific period of time during which a woman who has been divorced must wait before she can remarry or engage in any other sexual activity. The length of the iddah period varies depending on the circumstances of the divorce. If the divorce was initiated by the husband and he has not yet had sexual intercourse with his wife, the iddah period is three menstrual cycles. If the husband has had sexual intercourse with his wife, the iddah period is three menstrual cycles, or three lunar months (approximately 90 days). During the iddah period, the divorced woman is considered to be in a state of mourning and is not allowed to leave her home except for necessary reasons. The purpose of the iddah period is to ensure that the woman is not pregnant and to allow time for any potential reconciliation between the couple. In summary, iddah is the waiting period that a divorced woman must observe before she can remarry or engage in any other sexual activity. Its length depends on the circumstances of the divorce, and during this period, the woman is considered to be in a state of mourning and must remain in her home except for necessary reasons.

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The 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah is known as Yawm al-Tarwiyah because it marks the day when the pilgrims in Hajj prepare themselves for the main day of Hajj, which is the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, also known as the Day of Arafah. Tarwiyah means "to quench thirst" or "to water", and it is named as such because in the past, pilgrims used to fill their water containers in Mina on this day in preparation for the day of Arafah. On the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah, the pilgrims put on the Ihram clothing and proceed to Mina, a small town near Mecca, where they spend the night in tents. This is where the pilgrims rest and prepare for the rituals of Hajj that will take place the following day. Although no major Hajj rites are performed on the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah, it is a significant day for Hajj pilgrims because it marks the beginning of the Hajj rituals, and it is a day of spiritual preparation and reflection for the pilgrims before the Day of Arafah. The pilgrims spend the night in Mina in preparation for the next day, where they will head to the plains of Arafah to perform the most important Hajj ritual, which is standing on the mountain of Arafat in supplication to Allah.

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Excellent or sound traditions are grouped under Sahih.

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Ignorance of religious rites and duties is not excusable in Islam because it is obligatory on all Muslims to seek knowledge. This means that it is the responsibility of every Muslim to learn about their religion and the practices they need to follow. While it is true that many Muslims can read and write Arabic and that books on Islamic jurisprudence have been translated into many languages, it is the individual's responsibility to seek out and acquire this knowledge. The Islamic system of education is highly developed all over the world, but ultimately it is up to the individual to seek out and take advantage of these opportunities to learn about their religion. Thus, it is important for every Muslim to seek knowledge and not use ignorance as an excuse for not following their religious obligations.

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Talaq al ba'in means irrevocable divorce. Talaq is the Arabic word for divorce, and al ba'in refers to the type of divorce that is considered to be final and cannot be undone. This type of divorce is usually only used in extreme circumstances and is considered to be the most serious form of divorce in Islamic law. Once a couple has undergone talaq al ba'in, they are no longer considered to be married and cannot reconcile without undergoing a new marriage ceremony.

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This is followed by iqra warabbukal Akram.

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A decision taken in the interest of the public becomes istislah. Istislah is an Islamic legal term that refers to making a decision that is considered to be in the public interest. This concept is based on the idea that the ultimate goal of Islamic law is to promote the well-being of society and to prevent harm. When making a decision, a judge or Islamic scholar may use istislah to consider the impact on the wider community and to make a decision that is in the best interest of the public.

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Upon washing hands and elbow, the next is to wash the feet.

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Absolute obedience to the Prophet's teachings is stated in An-Nawawi Hadith 41.

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Fortune telling is considered un-Islamic at all times and in all matters. This is because it goes against the belief in destiny and the trust in Allah's plan for each individual. In Islam, it is believed that only Allah has knowledge of the future and that no human being can predict what will happen. Seeking knowledge of the future is seen as a form of disbelief in Allah's plan and a lack of trust in His wisdom. It is also considered a form of divination, which is strictly prohibited in Islam.

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The Nisab is important because it is the basis of "zakat", which is one of the five pillars of Islam. Zakat is an obligatory charity that every eligible Muslim must pay to help those in need. The Nisab is the minimum threshold of wealth that a Muslim must possess before being required to pay Zakat. In other words, if a person's wealth exceeds the Nisab, they are obligated to pay Zakat. The Nisab amount is determined by the value of gold or silver and is updated regularly. This threshold ensures that Zakat is paid only by those who can afford it, and it helps to distribute wealth more fairly within the Muslim community.

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In 628 CE, 1,394 years ago, the treaty of Hudaybiyyah was signed; it is considered a landmark in Islam's history. What happened in Hudaybiyyah was a kind of peace treaty signed by the idolaters of Mecca and the Muslims. It was signed in the village of Hudaybiyyah, located about nine miles (14.5 km) outside Mecca, thereby acknowledging the equality of Muslims as bargaining partners.

It included terms such as the observance by both parties of a ten year period of peace.

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Khadijah bint Khuwaylid is not a narrator of Hadith. Abu Hurayrah, Aisha bint Abi-Bakr, and Abu Sa'ad b. Malik are all famous companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and are known to have narrated many Hadiths. They were close companions of the Prophet and learned directly from him, and later transmitted his sayings and actions to others. However, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, the first wife of the Prophet, did not narrate any Hadiths. This is not surprising, as she passed away before the Prophet started receiving revelations, and therefore did not have the opportunity to learn directly from him. While Khadijah is revered in Islamic tradition for her steadfast support of the Prophet, her role in Islamic scholarship is not as prominent as that of other companions who had the opportunity to learn directly from him. Therefore, among the given options, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid is the one who is not a narrator of Hadith.

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The unity of Allah is expressed in Suratul-Ikhlas. This surah is the 112th chapter of the Quran and it emphasizes the oneness of Allah. It is also known as "Al-Tawheed" which means "the declaration of the oneness of God." The Surah begins with the statement "Say: He is Allah, the One and Only; Allah, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him." This surah explains that Allah is the only true God, and there is no other deity worthy of worship. It also emphasizes that Allah is eternal and absolute, and that He has no children or parents. In Islam, the concept of the oneness of Allah is known as "Tawheed," and it is the foundation of Islamic faith. Thus, the Suratul-Ikhlas is a very important chapter in the Quran for Muslims as it emphasizes the core principle of Tawheed, which is the belief in the unity and oneness of Allah. It is recited in various Islamic rituals such as the daily prayers and during special occasions such as funerals.

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Birabbil-Falaq is the Arabic phrase for "Lord of the Daybreak" or "Lord of the Dawn" and is the title of the 113th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an. In this chapter, Muslims seek protection and refuge in Allah from the evil of darkness, the harm that may come from the night, and from the harm of those who practice witchcraft or envy. The chapter speaks of seeking Allah's protection and guidance in every aspect of life, particularly from those who may seek to harm or wrong them. Therefore, "Lord of the daybreak" is the correct answer.

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The principle of Ijbar refers to the right of a father or guardian to give out his daughter or ward in marriage without her consent. This principle is recognized in Islamic law but is subject to certain conditions.

One of the key conditions for the principle of Ijbar to be applicable is that the girl must have attained the age of maturity, which is generally considered to be around 9-10 years old. This means that the girl must be capable of understanding the implications of the marriage contract and the duties and responsibilities that come with it.

In addition, the father or guardian must ensure that the marriage is in the best interests of the girl and that the groom is a suitable match for her.

This includes considerations such as the groom's character, financial situation, and physical and mental health.

The consent of the mother is not a requirement for the principle of Ijbar, although it is generally recommended that the mother be consulted and informed about the marriage.

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The prayer that is not observed between Isha and Fajr is istisqa. Istisqa is a special type of prayer for seeking rain from Allah. It is not a regular, daily prayer like the other options. Tahajjud, Shaf'i and witr are all regular prayers that are performed at night after Isha and before Fajr.

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Q. 4:34 enjoins the wife not only to be obedient but also to maintain her chastity.

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Imam Malik ibn Anas was born in the city of Madinah in what is now Saudi Arabia. He was born in the year 711 CE and lived in Madinah for most of his life. Imam Malik is known as one of the most important scholars of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and hadith (the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad). He is the eponym of the Maliki school of Islamic law, which is one of the four major schools of thought in Sunni Islam. Imam Malik's birthplace of Madinah was a significant city in early Islamic history, as it was the site of the first Muslim community established by the Prophet Muhammad after his migration from Makkah. Madinah is also the location of the Prophet's Mosque, which is one of the most important sites in Islam and is visited by millions of Muslims from around the world each year.

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Hadith is a collection of sayings, actions, and tacit approvals attributed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). These hadiths are classified based on their authenticity, accuracy, and reliability. The different classifications of hadith helps to distinguish between reliable and unreliable sources of information and to ensure that they follow the authentic teachings of the Prophet (SAW).

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that all of the options listed - hasan, mawdu, sahih, and da'if - are classifications of hadith.

- "Hasan" refers to a hadith that is deemed to be good and acceptable.

- "mawdu" refers to a hadith that is fabricated or forged.

- "Sahih" refers to a hadith that is authentic and reliable, while

- "da'if" refers to a hadith that is weak or unreliable.

Each of these classifications has its own set of criteria, and scholars of hadith use these criteria to evaluate and classify different hadiths.

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The Qur'an is considered to be of divine nature, which means that it is believed to be a direct message from God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel over a period of 23 years. This belief in the divine nature of the Qur'an gives it a special status and authority in the Islamic faith, and it is considered to be the word of God, unchanged and unchanged over time. The Qur'an's divine nature is also one of the reasons why it is considered to be so important and why Muslims hold it in such high regard. The Qur'an is memorized, recorded and protected by Muslims, which ensures its authenticity and ensures that its message remains unchanged over time, making it an eternal source of guidance for Muslims.

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The phrase "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished" was uttered by the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) when he entered the sacred Ka'bah after the conquest of Mecca. This event took place in the eighth year of Hijra (630 CE), when the Prophet and his followers conquered Mecca without any bloodshed, after years of persecution and exile. As the Prophet (SAW) entered the Ka'bah, which had previously been a site of pagan worship, he recited the verse from the Quran (Surah Al-Isra, 17:81) that says, "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished; indeed falsehood is bound to vanish." This verse is a powerful declaration of the triumph of truth over falsehood, and it was a fitting statement for the occasion of the conquest of Mecca, which marked the victory of Islam over the forces of disbelief and idolatry. The utterance of this phrase by the Prophet (SAW) at the time of the conquest of Mecca was a significant moment in the history of Islam. It symbolized the triumph of the message of Islam, and the victory of justice and truth over tyranny and falsehood. It also marked a turning point in the history of the Arabian Peninsula, as Islam began to spread rapidly throughout the region and beyond.

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The quotation is from Surat al-Tin. The full quotation is "Surely, we created man of the best stature, then, we reduced him to the lowest of low save those who believe and good works." This verse appears in Surat al-Tin, which is the 95th chapter of the Quran. Surat al-Tin is a short chapter that contains only 8 verses, and it discusses the nature of human beings and the importance of good deeds. The verse is a reminder of the potential of human beings to achieve greatness and excellence, but also of their vulnerability to temptation and sin. It emphasizes that faith and good deeds are the means by which people can rise above their lower nature and fulfill their purpose in life.

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Abu Sufyan accepted Islam because he was totally disarmed by Muslim soldiers

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The initial idea to preserve the Glorious Qur'an was mooted by Abu Bakr As-Saddiq, who was the first Caliph (leader) of the Muslim community after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. After the Prophet's death, many Muslims who had memorized the Qur'an died in the wars of apostasy. To prevent the loss of the Qur'an, Abu Bakr ordered the collection of all the verses that had been revealed to the Prophet and had been written down by his companions. This was done by Zaid b. Thabit, who was a close companion of the Prophet and one of the foremost Quranic scholars of his time. The collected verses were then compiled into a single book, known as the Mushaf, which became the standard text of the Qur'an.

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The Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress is Surah ad-Duha. Surah ad-Duha is the 93rd chapter of the Qur'an and was revealed in the early days of the Prophet's mission in Makkah when he was feeling distressed and anxious. The Prophet had not received any revelations from Allah for a long time, and the disbelievers were mocking him and calling him a liar. In this Surah, Allah reassures the Prophet (SAW) that He has not forgotten him and that his efforts will not go to waste. Allah tells the Prophet that He has blessed him with many favors and will continue to do so. The Surah is a beautiful reminder to the Prophet that he is not alone and that Allah is always with him. Therefore, among the given options, Surah ad-Duha is the Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress.

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The second hadith in an-Nawawi's collection teaches that it is righteousness to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him physically. This means that one should strive to be in a constant state of mindfulness of Allah's presence and try to visualize Him in their mind's eye while worshipping. The hadith emphasizes the importance of sincerity and devotion in one's worship. When a person performs acts of worship while visualizing the presence of Allah, it creates a deeper sense of connection and humility, and encourages them to perform their acts of worship to the best of their ability. By striving to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him physically, a person also develops a sense of accountability and responsibility for their actions. It helps them to stay conscious of their deeds and intentions, and reminds them that Allah is always watching and aware of everything they do. Overall, the second hadith in an-Nawawi's collection teaches the importance of mindfulness and sincerity in worship, and highlights the benefits of striving to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him physically.

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The devotee who intends to pray must also ensure the cleanliness of the place where they pray. This means that the area should be free of dirt and clutter and the floor should be clean. This creates a peaceful and respectful environment for prayer, which helps the devotee to focus and connect with their higher power.

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Out of 300,000 traditions collected by Imam Muslim, he selected 9,200.

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The Hadith collections of Muslim and Bukhari do not share similarities in covering the whole range of Fiqh.

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The option that was not part of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah is "Muhammad (SAW) should not be recognized as leader." The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was a peace agreement signed between the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the leaders of Mecca in the year 628. The treaty contained several terms, including: - There should be no war between the Muslims and the Meccans for ten years. - Muhammad (SAW) and his followers would return to Medina that year and postpone their pilgrimage to Mecca until the following year. - Any Meccan who wanted to join Muhammad (SAW) would be allowed to do so, but any Muslim who wanted to return to Mecca would not be permitted to do so. - The two sides would maintain peace and refrain from attacking each other's allies. The treaty was a significant turning point in the history of Islam, as it allowed Muhammad (SAW) and his followers to peacefully coexist with the Meccans and led to a period of increased growth and expansion for the Muslim community.

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The verse that describes the essence of Allah is Ayatul Kursiyy. Ayatul Kursiyy is a verse from the Quran, which is located in Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 255. It is a powerful and profound verse that describes the greatness and majesty of Allah, the Creator and Sustainer of the universe. The verse starts with "Allahu la ilaha illa huwa," which means "Allah, there is no god but He." This statement emphasizes the oneness of Allah and affirms His existence as the only deity worthy of worship. The verse goes on to describe the attributes of Allah, including His sovereignty, knowledge, power, and mercy. It also highlights His role as the Protector of the believers and His ability to encompass and sustain all of creation. Overall, Ayatul Kursiyy is a beautiful and powerful verse that serves as a reminder of Allah's greatness and our dependence on Him. It is often recited as a means of seeking protection and guidance from Allah and is considered one of the most important verses in the Quran.

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Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) were blessed with six children, two sons and four daughters.

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Reference to a special night is made in Surat al-Qadr. Surat al-Qadr is the 97th chapter of the Qur'an and is named after the Arabic word for "power" or "decree." This chapter references a special night known as the Night of Power, which is considered to be one of the most holy and blessed nights in Islam. The Night of Power is believed to have taken place during the last ten days of the month of Ramadan, and it is believed that on this night the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. The Surat al-Qadr emphasizes the importance of this night and encourages Muslims to seek its blessings and to spend it in prayer and devotion.

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A Hadith whose message is directly from Allah is called Qudsi Hadith. Qudsi Hadiths are considered a category of Hadith in which the message is attributed to Allah, but the wording is conveyed by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Unlike the Prophet's own words, which make up the majority of Hadiths, Qudsi Hadiths are considered to be directly inspired by Allah. In Qudsi Hadiths, the Prophet conveys Allah's message in his own words, but he begins the Hadith with phrases such as "Allah says" or "Allah has said" to indicate that the message is not his own, but rather, a direct revelation from Allah. Qudsi Hadiths are considered to be very important in Islam, as they provide direct insight into the words and message of Allah. However, it is essential to ensure that Qudsi Hadiths are authentic and properly transmitted, just like any other Hadith, to ensure that the message being conveyed is truly from Allah.

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The employment of scholars of Arabic as envoys by kings and emperors was one of the ways by which Islamic civilization was manifested in West Africa