WAEC SSCE - Biology - 2012 (Objective)

Question 1 Report

The hair on the human skin will stand erect when the person is

in an air-conditioned room Correct answer

strolling in the sun

taking a hot drink

doing strenuous exercise

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Transmission And Expression Of Characteristics In Organisms (WAEC)

Transmission And Expression Of Characteristics In Organisms

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Question 2 Report

Two plants with red flowers were back crossed, which of the following results indicate that the plants are heterozygous
red flowers, where red flowers are dominant?

75% red and 25% white Correct answer

50% red and 50% white

100% white

100% red

Answer Details

If two plants with red flowers were backcrossed, it means that one parent is homozygous dominant for red flowers (RR) and the other parent is heterozygous for red flowers (Rr). Therefore, the possible genotypes of the offspring are: - 50% chance of getting Rr (heterozygous for red flowers) - 50% chance of getting rr (homozygous recessive for white flowers) If the plants are heterozygous for red flowers (Rr), the phenotype (physical appearance) ratio of their offspring will be 3:1 (red:white). This means that 75% of the offspring will have red flowers and 25% will have white flowers. Therefore, the answer is "75% red and 25% white" which is the option that indicates heterozygosity.

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Read lesson note on Heredity (JAMB)

Chromosomes: The Basis Of Heredity

Biology As A Science Of Life

Heredity

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Question 3 Report

The following pairs of traits are examples of continuous and discontinuous variations respectively except

eye Colour and body weight, Correct answer

height and blood group

skin colour and fingerprints

bodyweight and tongue rolling.

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Physiological Variations (WAEC)

Physiological Variations

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Question 4 Report

Which of the following sequences is the correct evolutionary trend in plants?

Algae → liverworts → mosses → ferns Correct answer

Liverworts → mosses → ferns → algae

mosses → algae → ferns → liverworts

Ferns → Liverworts → mosses → algae

Answer Details

The correct evolutionary trend in plants is Algae → liverworts → mosses → ferns. This is because algae, liverworts, mosses, and ferns represent the different stages in the evolution of plants. Algae are simple aquatic plants that lack specialized tissues for conducting water and nutrients. Liverworts and mosses evolved from algae and have specialized structures to absorb water and nutrients from their environment. Ferns evolved from mosses and have vascular tissue for conducting water and nutrients throughout the plant. Therefore, the correct sequence of the evolutionary trend is Algae → liverworts → mosses → ferns.

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Read lesson note on Evolution (Theories and Evidence) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Natural Habitats (JAMB)

Evolution Among The Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantar and Animalia

Evolution (Theories and Evidence)

Natural Habitats

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Question 5 Report

The use of water closet and septic tanks is preferred to the use of
bucket and pit latrines because

it is cost effective

contaminated faeces are completely kept away from flies Correct answer

the water for flushing contains chlorine which kills the germs

It prevents flies from breeding

Answer Details

The use of water closet and septic tanks is preferred to the use of bucket and pit latrines because contaminated faeces are completely kept away from flies. Water closets and septic tanks are designed in such a way that the human waste is channeled away from the house and stored in an underground chamber called a septic tank. The septic tank is designed to digest and decompose the waste and discharge water into the soil. This system ensures that the waste is completely kept away from flies and other insects, preventing the spread of diseases. Conversely, bucket and pit latrines are not completely sealed, and the waste can attract flies, which can spread disease. Therefore, the use of water closet and septic tanks is a more effective way to prevent the spread of disease.

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Question 6 Report

The brightly coloured petals in some plants is an adaptive colouration for

feeding

pollination Correct answer

dispersal

shedding

Answer Details

Brightly colored petals in some plants serve as an adaptive coloration for pollination. Pollination is the process by which pollen grains are transferred from the male part of a plant to the female part of a plant, leading to fertilization and seed production. Brightly colored petals help to attract pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, which are attracted to the bright colors and sweet nectar of the flowers. The pollinators then transfer the pollen from one flower to another, ensuring cross-fertilization and genetic diversity. Therefore, the brightly colored petals are an adaptation of the plant to increase the chances of successful pollination and reproduction.

Read lesson note on Adaptive Colouration (WAEC)

Adaptive Colouration

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Question 7 Report

Impulses are conducted towards the nerve cell through the

myelin sheath

dendrons Correct answer

axons

synaptic nodes

Answer Details

Impulses are conducted towards the nerve cell through the dendrons. Dendrons are the branch-like structures that extend from the cell body of a neuron and receive impulses from other neurons or sensory receptors. These impulses then travel through the dendrites and into the cell body before being transmitted along the axon to other neurons or effectors such as muscles or glands. The myelin sheath is a fatty layer that covers some axons and helps to speed up the transmission of impulses, while the synaptic nodes are small gaps between neurons where neurotransmitters are released to allow for communication between neurons.

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Read lesson note on Ecological Factors (WAEC)

Nervous Coordination

Ecological Factors

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Question 8 Report

The graph above represents the growth pattern of an animal. Which of the following groups of animals shows this
pattern of growth?

Cestoda

Reptilia

Amphibia

Insecta Correct answer

Answer Details

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Question 9 Report

A space containing a group of interactive organisms
is called

community Correct answer

habitat

ecosystem

population

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Local (Nigerian) Biomes (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Ecosystem (WAEC)

Local (Nigerian) Biomes

Ecosystem

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Question 10 Report

The disadvantage of complexity of organisation in the higher organisms is that it leads to

mutual interdependence between component cells

internal structural specialization

increased adaptation to environment

slower rate of diffusion of oxygen to individual cells Correct answer

Answer Details

The disadvantage of complexity of organisation in the higher organisms is that it leads to a slower rate of diffusion of oxygen to individual cells. In higher organisms, such as animals and plants, there is an intricate network of tissues and organs that work together to perform vital functions. This complexity requires a vast amount of energy to maintain and a greater reliance on oxygen for cellular respiration. However, as organisms get bigger and more complex, the distance between the surface of the organism and the innermost cells increases, resulting in a slower rate of diffusion of oxygen to individual cells. This can limit the size of organisms and their ability to survive in low-oxygen environments.

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Question 11 Report

The organism at the organ level of organisation of life is

Euglena

Spirogyra

Ginger Correct answer

Tapeworm

Answer Details

Among the options given, the organism at the organ level of organization of life is "Ginger". Ginger is a plant that exhibits organ level of organization. It has different organs such as roots, stem, leaves, and flowers that have specialized functions. The roots of ginger are used for storage of food and absorption of water and nutrients from the soil, the stem provides support for the leaves and flowers, the leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, and the flowers are involved in reproduction. On the other hand, Euglena and Spirogyra are unicellular organisms that exhibit cellular level of organization, and Tapeworm is a multicellular organism that exhibits tissue level of organization.

Read lesson note on Forms In Which Living Cells Exist (WAEC)

Forms In Which Living Cells Exist

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Question 12 Report

The bones of the legs of a six years old boy are observed to be weak and crooked. Which of the following elements
were deficient in his mother’s diet at pregnancy?

Sodium and iron

Iron and manganese

Calcium and phosphorus Correct answer

Magnesium and sulphur

Answer Details

The element that is most likely to be deficient in the mother's diet during pregnancy and cause weak and crooked bones in the child is calcium and phosphorus. Calcium is an important element for bone formation and its deficiency can lead to a condition called rickets which results in weak and deformed bones. Phosphorus is also necessary for proper bone growth and development. Deficiency in both these elements during pregnancy can result in skeletal abnormalities in the developing fetus. Therefore, the most appropriate answer would be (c) Calcium and phosphorus.

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Question 13 Report

The following are abiotic components of the ecosystem except

bacteria Correct answer

topography

water

wind

Answer Details

The answer is bacteria. Bacteria are living organisms and belong to the biotic components of the ecosystem. Biotic components of the ecosystem include all living things such as plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Abiotic components, on the other hand, include all non-living things in the ecosystem such as water, air, soil, rocks, sunlight, wind, and topography. Therefore, is the correct answer as it is a living organism and not an abiotic component of the ecosystem.

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Read lesson note on Excretion (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Ecosystem (WAEC)

Forms In Which Living Cells Exist

Integrated Water Resources Management

Excretion

Ecosystem

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Question 14 Report

The purpose of proteins in the diet of a mammal is to

promote growth and repair cells Correct answer

break down molecules

regulate the flow of chyme

serve as co-factors or enzymes

Answer Details

The purpose of proteins in the diet of a mammal is to promote growth and repair cells. Proteins are essential macronutrients made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of cells. When we eat proteins, our digestive system breaks them down into individual amino acids which can be used by our bodies to build and repair tissues such as muscles, skin, and organs. Amino acids are also involved in the production of enzymes and hormones that help to regulate various body functions. Additionally, some amino acids can be used as a source of energy when needed.

Read lesson note on DNA Structure And Replication, RNA Transcription (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Protein Synthesis (WAEC)

DNA Structure And Replication, RNA Transcription

Protein Synthesis

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Question 15 Report

Bees are of great importance to the farmer because they

provide him with honey

pollinate flowers Correct answer

sting crop pests to death

destroy flowers by sucking nectar from them

Answer Details

Bees are important to farmers because they pollinate flowers. When bees fly from flower to flower collecting nectar, they transfer pollen from the male part of the flower to the female part, which fertilizes the plant and allows it to produce fruit or seeds. This is crucial for the reproduction of many crops, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Without bees, the yields of these crops would be significantly reduced, and in some cases, the plants would not be able to produce fruit or seeds at all. While bees do produce honey, this is not their primary role in agriculture.

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Read lesson note on Co-ordination And Control (JAMB)

Local (Nigerian) Biomes

Classification

Co-ordination And Control

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Question 16 Report

In the diagram, the arrow labelled II represents the

release of oxygen Correct answer

intake of carbon (IV) oxide

movement of photosynthates

movement of nutrients

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Ecological Management (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Plant Nutrition (WAEC)

Ecological Management

Plant Nutrition

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Question 17 Report

Which of the following digestive enzymes would be greatly affected if the liver fails to
produce bile?

Amylase

Cellulase

Lipase Correct answer

rotease

Answer Details

The correct answer is Lipase. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It helps in emulsifying fats into smaller droplets, which increases the surface area for lipase to act upon. Lipase is the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Without sufficient bile to emulsify fats, the lipase enzyme will have a reduced surface area to act upon, thus leading to decreased digestion and absorption of fats. Therefore, if the liver fails to produce bile, the activity of lipase will be greatly affected.

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Read lesson note on Alimentary System (WAEC)

Nutrition

Reproduction

Alimentary System

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Question 18 Report

A student dissecting am animal specimen discovered that it had two auricle and on ventricle. The animal is likely to a/an

fish

reptile

amphibian Correct answer

bird

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Organization Of Life (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Movement (WAEC)

Organization Of Life

Movement

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Question 19 Report

What is the benefit of thunder and lightning to farmers?

Addition of nitrates to the soil Correct answer

Aeration of the soil

Removal of harmful bacteria from the soil

Addition of rain water to the soil

Answer Details

Thunder and lightning are natural phenomena that occur during thunderstorms. Thunderstorms usually bring rain, and rainwater is essential for crop growth. When lightning occurs, it splits nitrogen molecules in the air which then combine with oxygen to form nitrates. These nitrates dissolve in the rainwater and are deposited in the soil as it rains. Nitrates are an essential nutrient for plants and help them to grow better. Therefore, the benefit of thunder and lightning to farmers is that they add nitrates to the soil, which can lead to increased crop yields.

Read lesson note on Nitrogen Cycle (WAEC)

Nitrogen Cycle

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Question 20 Report

The main raw materials required for photosynthesis are

oxygen and water

oxygen and carbon dioxide.

oxygen and chlorophyll

carbon dioxide and water Correct answer

Answer Details

The main raw materials required for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water. During photosynthesis, plants use energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, which contain the pigment chlorophyll that absorbs light energy. The oxygen produced during photosynthesis is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct, while the glucose serves as the plant's source of energy for growth and development.

Read lesson note on Organization Of Life (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Ecosystem (WAEC)

Organization Of Life

Ecosystem

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Question 21 Report

Which of the following factors exerts a major effect on the distribution of living organisms in the habitat?

Salt

Light Correct answer

Rainfall

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Organisms (JAMB)

Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Organisms

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Question 22 Report

The following are all examples of a simple reflex action, except

swallowing

sneezing

walking Correct answer

blinking

Answer Details

Walking is not an example of a simple reflex action. Simple reflex actions are those that occur automatically and involuntarily in response to a specific stimulus, without involving conscious thought. Examples of simple reflex actions include swallowing, sneezing, and blinking. However, walking is a complex action that involves the coordinated movement of muscles and the involvement of various parts of the brain, and is not a simple reflex action.

Read lesson note on Co-ordination And Control (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Nervous Coordination (WAEC)

Co-ordination And Control

Nervous Coordination

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Question 23 Report

Which of the following food substances will have
little or no calorific value?

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Water Correct answer

Answer Details

Water is the food substance that will have little or no calorific value. This is because water does not contain any significant amount of energy or calories that can be metabolized by the body to provide energy. While proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids all contain calories that can be used as a source of energy, water is primarily used by the body for hydration and other physiological functions but not for providing energy. Therefore, consuming water will not contribute significantly to the caloric intake of an individual.

Read lesson note on Nutrition (JAMB)

Nutrition

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Question 24 Report

Which of the individual is likely to have HIV?

III Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Microorganisms Around Us (WAEC)

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

Microorganisms Around Us

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Question 25 Report

Two yellow-flowered hybrid plants each carrying a recessive factor for flowers with green colour were crossed.
Which of the following ratios shows the correct proportion of offspring that have green flowers?

2 in 2

1 in 3

1 in 4 Correct answer

1 in 5

Answer Details

In this scenario, both hybrid plants have a recessive factor for green flower color, which means they both have the genotype "yy". When these two plants are crossed, the Punnett square for the F1 generation will result in all offspring having the genotype "Yy" (yellow flower color). However, since the "Y" allele is dominant, they will all exhibit the yellow flower color phenotype. If two of these F1 offspring are crossed, the Punnett square for the F2 generation will result in a ratio of 3 yellow-flowered plants to 1 green-flowered plant. This is because both parents have a genotype of "Yy", meaning they each have a 50% chance of passing on the dominant "Y" allele or the recessive "y" allele to their offspring. The only way for a plant to have green flowers is to inherit two copies of the recessive "y" allele, which occurs with a probability of 1 in 4 or 25%. Therefore, the correct ratio is 1 in 4. So, the correct answer is "1 in 4".

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Genetic Terminologies

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Question 26 Report

The pulmonary circulation involves movement of the blood to and from the

brain

Kidney

Liver

lungs Correct answer

Answer Details

The pulmonary circulation involves the movement of blood to and from the lungs. It is a part of the circulatory system that specifically deals with the transportation of deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, where the blood is oxygenated, and then returned to the heart. This process is facilitated by the pulmonary arteries and veins, which carry the blood to and from the lungs, respectively. The oxygenated blood is then circulated to the rest of the body through the systemic circulation, while the deoxygenated blood returns to the lungs via the pulmonary circulation.

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Respiratory System

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Question 27 Report

Excess carbohydrates can be stored in the muscles in the form

cellulose

glycogen Correct answer

chitin

lipids

Answer Details

Excess carbohydrates can be stored in the muscles in the form of glycogen. Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate made up of many glucose molecules linked together in a branched chain. When the body has more glucose than it needs for energy, it stores the excess glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscles. The glycogen in the muscles can be broken down into glucose when the body needs energy during exercise or other activities.

Read lesson note on Morphology Of Monocotyledonous And Dicotyledonous Plants (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Nucleic Acids (WAEC)

Morphology Of Monocotyledonous And Dicotyledonous Plants

Nucleic Acids

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Question 28 Report

An illustration of a human male reproductive system is shown above. Which of the labelled parts can be cut to-ensure permanent sterility?

II Correct answer

III

Answer Details

As shown in the illustration, part II, the vas deferens, can be cut to ensure permanent sterility. This is because the vas deferens is a tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra during ejaculation. By cutting the vas deferens, the sperm cannot be released during sexual intercourse, thus resulting in permanent sterility.

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Question 29 Report

The diagrams above are part of the human lungs. Which of the parts is diagram Z taken from

III

IV Correct answer

Answer Details

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Classification

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Question 30 Report

The science of life is referred to as

anatomy

biology Correct answer

ecology

phylogeny

Answer Details

The science of life is referred to as biology. Biology is the study of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, evolution, and distribution. It encompasses a wide range of topics, from the smallest cells to the largest ecosystems, and provides us with knowledge about the diversity of life on earth, the interrelationships between organisms, and their interaction with the environment. Biology is an important field of study because it helps us to better understand the world around us and to develop new technologies and medical treatments based on our knowledge of living organisms.

Read lesson note on Biology As A Science Of Life (WAEC)

Biology As A Science Of Life

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Question 31 Report

In the structure of DNA, which of the following statements is true?

The double helix are held together by covalent bonds

Nucleotide is made up of ribose, phosphate and an organic nitrogen compound

Guanine is the opposite of cytosine Correct answer

Adenine is the opposite of cytosine

Answer Details

Read lesson note on DNA Structure And Replication, RNA Transcription (WAEC)

DNA Structure And Replication, RNA Transcription

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Question 32 Report

The diagram above is an illustration of the human excretory system. Which of the labelled parts contains the
highest amount of nitrogenous waste?

IV Correct answer

Answer Details

Label IV, the kidney, contains the highest amount of nitrogenous waste. The kidneys are responsible for filtering and removing waste products such as urea and uric acid from the blood. These nitrogenous wastes are produced as a result of protein metabolism in the body, and the kidneys work to remove them from the blood and excrete them in the urine. Therefore, since the kidneys are responsible for the removal of nitrogenous waste, they contain the highest amount of it among the labelled parts in the diagram.

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Read lesson note on Excretory Systems And Mechanisms; Types Of Excretory Systems (WAEC)

Energy Transformation In Nature

Excretory Systems And Mechanisms; Types Of Excretory Systems

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Question 33 Report

Increasing adrenalin content of the blood would be expected to decrease the flow of blood to the

liver

heart Correct answer

lungs

brain

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Hormonal Coordination (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Movement (WAEC)

Hormonal Coordination

Movement

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Question 34 Report

Plants with breathing roots are characteristic features of vegetation in

tropical grassland

temperate grassland

saltwater swamp Correct answer

Tropical rain forest

Answer Details

Plants with breathing roots are characteristic features of vegetation in saltwater swamp. In saltwater swamps, the soil is often waterlogged with high salt content, and oxygen levels can be low. Therefore, plants in these regions have evolved special adaptations to survive in such conditions, such as breathing roots, which are roots that grow above the water surface to allow the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the root system. This adaptation helps the plants to obtain oxygen from the air and remove excess carbon dioxide and other gases from the roots. Examples of plants with breathing roots found in saltwater swamps include mangroves and some species of palms.

Read lesson note on Plant Nutrition (WAEC)

Plant Nutrition

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Question 35 Report

Which of the individual is likely to be suffering from haemophilia?

III

IV Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Growth (JAMB)

Growth

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Question 36 Report

The muscle cell fluid of an athlete was tested immediately after a 1 O m race and was found to contain a high
concentration of lactic acid. Explain what could have caused this. The

athlete must have eaten food containing lactic acid just before the race

Athlete must have injected lactic acid into his blood just before the race

athletes muscle must have carried out anaerobic respiration during the race Correct answer

athlete must have inhaled lactic acid from the environment during the race

Answer Details

The high concentration of lactic acid found in the muscle cell fluid of an athlete immediately after a 10 m race is likely caused by anaerobic respiration that occurred during the race. Anaerobic respiration is a process of cellular respiration that takes place in the absence of oxygen, producing lactic acid as a byproduct. During intense exercise, such as a sprint, the body may not be able to supply enough oxygen to the muscles, forcing them to switch to anaerobic respiration. This produces lactic acid which can accumulate in the muscles and cause fatigue and discomfort. Therefore, the most likely cause of the high concentration of lactic acid found in the athlete's muscle cell fluid is due to the anaerobic respiration of the muscles during the race.

Read lesson note on Irritability As A Basic Characteristic Of Protoplasm (WAEC)

Irritability As A Basic Characteristic Of Protoplasm

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Question 37 Report

The diagram above is an illustration of an experimental setup to test the action of
yeast. What test would be used to confirm the nature of the gas given off at?

Insert a glowing splint

Pass the gas through lime water Correct answer

Insert a piece of litmus paper

Smell the gas

Answer Details

The test that would be used to confirm the nature of the gas given off in the experimental setup is to pass the gas through lime water. This is because lime water (Calcium hydroxide solution) reacts with carbon dioxide gas, which is one of the gases produced during yeast fermentation, to form a milky precipitate of calcium carbonate. If the gas given off by the yeast is carbon dioxide, then the lime water will turn milky when passed through it, confirming the nature of the gas.

Read lesson note on Respiration (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Evolution Among The Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantar and Animalia (JAMB)

Respiration

Evolution Among The Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantar and Animalia

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Question 38 Report

The primary cause of species endangerment is

disappearing habitats Correct answer

increase in temperatures

acid rain

exposure to hazardous wastes

Answer Details

The primary cause of species endangerment is disappearing habitats. This means that the natural habitats of many species are being destroyed or altered, which leads to a reduction in their population and can ultimately lead to their extinction. Human activities such as deforestation, urbanization, and pollution are the major drivers of habitat loss. As habitats disappear, species lose access to food, water, and shelter, making it difficult for them to survive. Therefore, conservation efforts are essential to protect habitats and prevent the extinction of species.

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Read lesson note on Co-ordination And Control (JAMB)

Local (Nigerian) Biomes

Soil

Humans And Environment

Co-ordination And Control

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Question 39 Report

The appropriate food to be given to the child in the
picture above is

beans Correct answer

garri

bread

avocado pear

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Animal Nutrition (WAEC)

Animal Nutrition

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Question 40 Report

The major role played by accessory pigments during photosynthesis is to?

add colour to plants but not to trap light energy

trap light energy that chlorophyll cannot absorb Correct answer

transfer energy from chlorophyll to other pigments

prevent chlorophyll from absorbing unnecessary light

Answer Details

Accessory pigments play a major role in photosynthesis by trapping light energy that chlorophyll cannot absorb. Chlorophyll is the primary pigment that absorbs light energy, but it can only absorb certain wavelengths of light. Accessory pigments such as carotenoids and phycobilins are able to absorb additional wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, and transfer the energy to chlorophyll. This increases the efficiency of photosynthesis by allowing more light energy to be absorbed and converted into chemical energy. Therefore, the correct option is "trap light energy that chlorophyll cannot absorb".

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Question 41 Report

Squirrels easily kill some trees because

they inject poisonous substances into the trees.

most trees are susceptible to squirrel bites

they feed voraciously on the roots

they gnaw the bark and destroy Correct answer

Answer Details

Squirrels can easily kill some trees because they gnaw the bark and destroy it. The bark is essential to the tree's survival because it contains the phloem and xylem, which transport food and water throughout the tree. Without bark, the tree cannot transport these essential materials, and it will eventually die. Squirrels gnaw the bark for various reasons, such as to obtain food or create a nest, but the result is often fatal for the tree.

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Question 42 Report

Which of the following factors would be least likely to act as a density dependent limiting factor in a population of
mice?

Buildup of waste products

Predation

Parasitism Correct answer

Unfavourable climate

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Co-ordination And Control (JAMB)

Co-ordination And Control

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Question 43 Report

The function of the convex lens in the correction of eye defects is to

diverge light rays from far objects to focus image on the retina

converge light rays to focus image behind the retina

converge light rays to focus time image before the retina

converge light rays from far objects to focus their image on the retina Correct answer

Answer Details

The function of the convex lens in correcting eye defects is to converge light rays from far objects to focus their image on the retina. In people with myopia (short-sightedness), the image is focused in front of the retina, resulting in a blurred image. Placing a convex lens in front of the eye causes light rays to converge more, allowing the image to be focused on the retina. This corrects the vision so that distant objects appear clear.

Read lesson note on Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin) (WAEC)

Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin)

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Question 44 Report

The detection of vibro cholera in public drinking water is a sign of

clean water

outbreak of disease

water pollution. Correct answer

decayed organisms in the water

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Humans And Environment (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals (WAEC)

Humans And Environment

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 45 Report

Which of the following diseases is transmittable through genes?

HIV /AIDS

Sickle cell anaemia Correct answer

Diabetes

Presbyopia

Answer Details

Sickle cell anemia is the disease that is transmittable through genes. It is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin gene. People with sickle cell anemia inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, and this causes the hemoglobin in their red blood cells to be abnormal. The abnormal hemoglobin causes the red blood cells to take a crescent or sickle shape, which can block blood flow, leading to pain, organ damage, and an increased risk of infections.

Read lesson note on Heredity (JAMB)

Heredity

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Question 46 Report

In the diagram, the function of the part labelled is to

produce egg cells Correct answer

protect sperms during fertilization

secrete hormones during coitus

protect the developing embryo

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females) (WAEC)

Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females)

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Question 47 Report

Which of the following instruments would be most appropriate in comparing the air pressure at different places in the habitat?

Hygrometer

Barometer Correct answer

Photometer

Air pressure disc

Answer Details

The most appropriate instrument for comparing air pressure at different places in the habitat is a barometer. A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, and it can help in identifying high-pressure and low-pressure areas in the habitat. By comparing the readings of the barometer at different places in the habitat, we can determine which areas have higher or lower air pressure, which can have implications for weather patterns and other environmental conditions. The other instruments listed (hygrometer, photometer, and air pressure disc) measure humidity, light intensity, and air pressure changes, respectively, but they are not specifically designed to measure atmospheric pressure at different locations.

Read lesson note on Transport System (WAEC)

Transport System

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Question 48 Report

In a case of complete dominance, what is the phenotypic ratio of the cross Bb X Bb; where B =black and b = white?

1 black : 1 grey : 2 whites

1 black : 3 whites

1 black : 2 blues : 1 white

3 blacks : 1 white Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Genetic Terminologies (WAEC)

Genetic Terminologies

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Question 49 Report

How many food chains are in the diagram?

Three

Four

Five Correct answer

Six

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Food Webs And Trophic Levels (WAEC)

Food Webs And Trophic Levels

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Question 50 Report

The best title for the above diagram is

terrestrial food web Correct answer

terrestrial food chain

aquatic food web

aquatic food chain

Answer Details

The best title for the above diagram is "Terrestrial food chain". This is because the diagram shows the flow of energy from producers (plants) to primary consumers (herbivores), to secondary consumers (carnivores), and so on, within a land-based ecosystem. The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of energy transfer, and the labels on each organism show their position in the food chain. The term "food web" typically refers to a more complex diagram that includes multiple interconnected food chains, whereas this diagram only shows a single, linear food chain.

Read lesson note on Organization Of Life (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Food Webs And Trophic Levels (WAEC)

Organization Of Life

Food Webs And Trophic Levels

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Question 51 Report

When fertilization occurs that leads to formation of a zygote, which of the following processes takes place?

The tail of the sperm fuses with the egg cell

Both tail and head of the sperm fuse with the egg cell

The nucleus of the sperm fuses with the egg cell Correct answer

The egg cell develops on its own without the sperm

Answer Details

When fertilization occurs, the nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg cell. This results in the formation of a zygote, which contains the genetic material from both parents. The tail of the sperm and its other components are left outside the egg cell and do not fuse with it. The fusion of the sperm and egg nuclei triggers a series of events that lead to the development of a new organism.

Read lesson note on Soil (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes (WAEC)

Soil

Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females)

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

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Question 52 Report

The area around the earth where life activities go on is referred to as

biosphere Correct answer

lithosphere

habitat

ecosystem

Answer Details

The area around the earth where life activities go on is referred to as the "biosphere". The biosphere is a combination of all living organisms, their habitats, and the ecological processes that sustain life. It includes the atmosphere (air), lithosphere (land), and hydrosphere (water), where living organisms interact with each other and the physical environment. The biosphere is essential for the survival and existence of all life on earth, and it plays a vital role in regulating the planet's climate, air quality, and water cycles.

Read lesson note on Local (Nigerian) Biomes (JAMB)

Read lesson note on The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Ecosystem (WAEC)

Local (Nigerian) Biomes

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

Ecosystem

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Question 53 Report

The epidermis of a leaf is considered an example of a tissue because the cells

allow sunlight to pass through.

are covered by a waxy cuticle

all possess a similar structure and function Correct answer

allow water to enter them by osmosis

Answer Details

The epidermis of a leaf is considered an example of a tissue because the cells all possess a similar structure and function. The epidermal cells are tightly packed and flattened to form a continuous layer that covers the entire surface of the leaf. They are covered by a waxy cuticle, which helps to prevent water loss through the leaf surface. The main function of the epidermis is to protect the leaf from external damage and regulate the exchange of gases, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, between the leaf and the environment. Therefore, the epidermis of a leaf is considered a tissue because it is composed of a group of similar cells that perform a specific function.

Read lesson note on Tissues And Supporting Systems: (WAEC)

Tissues And Supporting Systems:

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Question 54 Report

Which of the following processes occurs in the second phase of meiosis?

Homologous chromosomes separate Correct answer

Two daughtercells are formed

Fertilization occurs

Segregation of genes occurs

Answer Details

The correct answer is "homologous chromosomes separate". Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms, and it involves two rounds of cell division. The first phase of meiosis is called meiosis I, and it involves the separation of homologous chromosomes. In the second phase, meiosis II, the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate, resulting in four haploid daughter cells. Therefore, the process that occurs in the second phase of meiosis is the separation of sister chromatids, and this is what leads to the formation of four haploid daughter cells.

Read lesson note on Chromosomes: The Basis Of Heredity (WAEC)

Chromosomes: The Basis Of Heredity

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Question 55 Report

In which of the zones can very few organisms be found

III

IV Correct answer

Answer Details

The zone with very few organisms is zone IV, which is also known as the abyssal zone. This zone is characterized by very high pressure, very low temperatures, and complete darkness. The extreme conditions in this zone make it very difficult for organisms to survive, and as a result, only a few organisms are adapted to live in this zone. The organisms that can survive in the abyssal zone are often specially adapted to the extreme conditions, such as high pressure and low temperatures. They also have specialized feeding and reproductive mechanisms to cope with the lack of sunlight and low levels of organic matter.

Read lesson note on Local (Nigerian) Biomes (JAMB)

Local (Nigerian) Biomes

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Question 56 Report

What name is given to a sudden change in a gene or chromosome?

Allele

Genotype

Mutation Correct answer

Phenotype

Answer Details

A sudden change in a gene or chromosome is called a "mutation." Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can result in altered or new characteristics in an organism. They can occur spontaneously or be induced by external factors such as radiation or chemicals. Mutations can have different effects, ranging from neutral or harmful to beneficial, depending on the location and nature of the change. The occurrence of mutations is the basis of genetic diversity, which is essential for evolution and adaptation of species to changing environments.

Read lesson note on Heredity (JAMB)

Heredity

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Question 57 Report

In which of the following multicellular organisms is-interdependence of cells maintained?

Spirogyra

Volvox Correct answer

Eudorina

Pandorina

Answer Details

The interdependence of cells refers to the mutual reliance of cells on each other for survival and functioning as a single organism. Among the given options, Volvox is a multicellular organism where interdependence of cells is maintained. In Volvox, each cell has a specific role to play, and they work together to perform various functions like movement, feeding, and reproduction. The cells are interconnected by cytoplasmic strands that allow them to communicate and share resources. The interdependence of cells ensures the proper functioning of the organism as a whole.

Read lesson note on Properties And Functions Of The Living Cell (WAEC)

Properties And Functions Of The Living Cell

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Question 58 Report

The classes of fingerprints in man are

whorl, alternate, opposite and compound

compound, loop, whorl! and alternate

whorl, arch, compound and loop Correct answer

arch, simple, compound and opposite

Answer Details

The classes of fingerprints in man are: whorl, arch, loop, and compound. Whorls are spiral patterns with at least two deltas (triangular ridges) and a ridge tracing that makes a complete circuit; arches have a ridgeline that enters from one side of the finger, makes a rise in the center, and exits from the opposite side; loops have ridges that enter from one side, curve around or upward, and exit from the same side they entered; and compound fingerprints have two or more patterns with no single pattern present in 50% or more of the fingerprint. These classes are used in forensic analysis and identification, as each individual has a unique set of fingerprints.

Read lesson note on Biology As A Science Of Life (WAEC)

Biology As A Science Of Life

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Question 59 Report

Which of the following statements is true about the ABO blood group system?

Antigens are located on the surface of white blood cells

Antibodies are located in the blood plasma Correct answer

Antibodies are located on the surface of red blood cells

Antigens are located in the blood plasma

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Population Studies By Sampling (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Ecological Components (WAEC)

Population Studies By Sampling

Ecological Components

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Question 60 Report

Which of the following substances must be present in the soil for growth of a healthy green plant?

Amino acids

Carbon

Glucose salts

Magnesium ions Correct answer

Answer Details

Magnesium ions must be present in the soil for the growth of a healthy green plant. Magnesium is an essential mineral nutrient for plants and is involved in many important plant functions, such as photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and the production of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the pigment responsible for the green color of leaves and is necessary for photosynthesis. Without magnesium, plants cannot produce enough chlorophyll, which can result in yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and poor yields. While the other options listed are important for plant growth, magnesium ions are particularly crucial for a healthy green plant.

Read lesson note on Soil (WAEC)

Soil

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Question 61 Report

Which of the following parts of the eye contains light sensitive cells?

Choroid

iris

Retina Correct answer

Lens

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin) (WAEC)

Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin)

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Question 62 Report

Which of the following structures in a flower develops into the seed?

Testa

lntegument

Ovule Correct answer

Ovary

Answer Details

The structure in a flower that develops into the seed is the ovule. The ovule is located inside the ovary of the flower and contains the female gamete. After pollination and fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed which contains an embryo that will develop into a new plant. The integument is the protective covering of the ovule and becomes the seed coat after fertilization. The testa is the protective outer covering of the seed.

Read lesson note on Internal Structure Of A Flowering Plant (JAMB)

Internal Structure Of A Flowering Plant

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