WAEC SSCE - Agricultural Science - 2010…

Question 1 Report

Which of the following activities are cultural practices? I. Harrowing II. Filling-in III. Mulching

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I, II and III

Plant Forms And Functions

Farm Inputs

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Question 2 Report

Which of the following fish species is found in fresh water?

sardine

tilapia

salmon

herring

Answer Details

Tilapia is a fish species that is found in fresh water. It is a popular fish in aquaculture because it is relatively easy to raise and adapts well to different types of water environments. Tilapia is also a good source of protein and is relatively inexpensive compared to other types of fish. The other options, sardine, salmon, and herring, are all saltwater fish species. They are typically found in oceans and seas and are often caught by commercial fishing fleets.

Read lesson note on Fisheries And Wildlife (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Forest Management (WAEC)

Fisheries And Wildlife

Forest Management

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Question 3 Report

Which of the following items is a liability to a farm?

accounts payable

cash in bank

prepayment

accounts receivable

Answer Details

Accounts payable is a liability to a farm. It refers to the amount of money a farm owes to its suppliers or creditors for goods or services that have been received but not yet paid for. This means that the farm has a legal obligation to pay the suppliers or creditors for their goods or services within an agreed period of time. Failure to pay the accounts payable within the agreed period of time can lead to late payment fees, damaged credit ratings and strained business relationships. Therefore, accounts payable should be closely monitored and managed to ensure that the farm maintains good financial health.

Read lesson note on Soil Profile (WAEC)

Soil Profile

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Question 4 Report

The recommended spacing for oil palm cultivation is

9 m triangular

9 m x 9m

12m x 12m

12m triangular

Fisheries And Wildlife

Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density

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Question 5 Report

Which of the following land tenure system for individual ownership?

land pledge system

freehold system

leasehold system

tenancy at the will of government

Answer Details

The land tenure system for individual ownership is the freehold system. In this system, an individual or entity owns a piece of land and has complete rights over it, including the right to sell, lease, or pass it on to heirs. The ownership is perpetual and can be transferred freely from one owner to another. This system provides security of tenure to the landowner and encourages long-term investment and sustainable use of the land. Other land tenure systems such as the land pledge system, leasehold system, or tenancy at the will of government, do not provide the same level of ownership rights and may be subject to limitations or restrictions by the government or other parties.

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Question 6 Report

The extension method that will benefit only the literate farmers is

radio

television

demonstration

newspapers

Answer Details

The extension method that will benefit only the literate farmers is newspapers. This is because newspapers are primarily a written medium, and so farmers who are literate and can read and understand the information presented in the newspaper will benefit from it. On the other hand, farmers who are not literate may struggle to benefit from newspapers, as they may not be able to read the information or understand it fully. Radio and television may be more accessible to illiterate farmers, as they are primarily audio-visual mediums, and demonstration may be a more hands-on approach that does not rely on reading or writing skills.

Read lesson note on Agricultural Extension (JAMB)

Agricultural Extension

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Question 7 Report

Which of the following organisms is an ectoparasite of farm animals?

tapeworm

louse

liverfluke

roundworm

Answer Details

A louse is an ectoparasite of farm animals. Ectoparasites are parasites that live on the outside of the host's body, feeding on blood or skin cells. Lice are small, wingless insects that attach themselves to the hair or feathers of animals and feed on their blood. They can cause itching, skin irritation, and reduced production in farm animals, such as cattle, sheep, and poultry. Lice are common in crowded or unhygienic conditions, making good management practices such as regular grooming, cleaning, and reducing animal density essential for their control. The other options listed, tapeworm, liverfluke, and roundworm, are all endoparasites, meaning they live inside the host's body.

Read lesson note on Main Pests And Parasites Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Main Pests And Parasites Of Farm Animals

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Question 8 Report

Mating in poultry is known as

servicing

treading

tupping

breeding

Reproduction In Farm Animals

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Question 9 Report

Which of the following is not a characteristic of weeds?

resistant to trampling

produces numerous seeds

seeds have short period of viability

aggressive growth habit

Answer Details

The answer is "seeds have short period of viability". Weeds are known for their ability to produce numerous seeds and have an aggressive growth habit, which allows them to outcompete other plants for resources. They may also be resistant to trampling, meaning that they can survive even when repeatedly stepped on or otherwise disturbed. However, the viability of their seeds can vary greatly depending on the species, and some weed seeds can remain viable in the soil for many years. So, the option that is not a characteristic of weeds is "seeds have short period of viability".

Read lesson note on Weeds (JAMB)

Weeds

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Question 10 Report

The milk let down hormones in farm animals is called

adrenalin

oestrogen

oxytocin

progesterone

Answer Details

The milk let down hormone in farm animals is called oxytocin. Oxytocin is a hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the contraction of smooth muscles in the mammary gland, causing milk to be released into the ducts leading to the nipple. It is released in response to stimulation of the nipple, such as the suckling of young by a nursing animal. This hormone is important for milk production in farm animals, as it helps to ensure that milk is efficiently released during milking.

Read lesson note on Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals

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Question 11 Report

In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is replenished by

respiration

transpiration

lightening

dentrification

Answer Details

In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is replenished by the process of respiration. Respiration is a process in which living organisms convert organic matter into energy for their daily activities. During respiration, organisms break down carbohydrates and release carbon dioxide as a byproduct. This carbon dioxide is then released into the atmosphere and can be used by plants during photosynthesis to produce more organic matter. The other options listed are not directly involved in replenishing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere, and lightning is an atmospheric discharge of electricity that can produce nitrogen oxides, which can indirectly affect the carbon cycle. Denitrification is a process by which certain bacteria convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas, and is not directly involved in the carbon cycle.

Read lesson note on Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals

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Question 12 Report

Streak disease of maize is caused by

virus

nematode

fungus

bacterium

Answer Details

Streak disease of maize is caused by a virus. The virus is transmitted by several species of leafhoppers. The symptoms of the disease include the appearance of long, narrow, yellow or orange streaks on the leaves of infected plants. As the disease progresses, the streaks may turn brown and the leaves may become curled and distorted. The virus can cause significant damage to maize crops, reducing yields and quality.

Read lesson note on Livestock And Fishing Equipment (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Common Weeds (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Diseases Of Crops (WAEC)

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

Crop Diseases

Common Weeds

Diseases Of Crops

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Question 13 Report

The average gestation period in sheep is

30 days

50 days

150 days

270 days

Answer Details

The average gestation period in sheep is approximately 150 days, or about 5 months. Gestation period refers to the length of time that a female animal is pregnant and carrying offspring before giving birth. During gestation, the fertilized egg develops into a fetus within the mother's uterus. In sheep, the gestation period can vary slightly depending on factors such as breed, age, and health of the mother. It is important for farmers and livestock owners to be aware of the gestation period in their animals, as it can affect the timing of breeding, feeding, and other management practices. Proper nutrition and care during gestation can also help ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing offspring.

Read lesson note on Reproduction In Farm Animals (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Reproduction In Farm Animals

Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 14 Report

Which of the following factors is both a physical and a chemical agent of rock weathering?

temperature

animal

water

oxygen

Rocks

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Question 15 Report

Coffea spp. grows best

on lowlands

on highlands

in mangroves

in rain forests

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

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Question 16 Report

Disease resistance is one of the aims of crop improvement because it

enables crops withstand attack by pathogens

makes the harvesting of crops easy

enables crops adapt to climatic conditions

leads to early maturity in crops

Answer Details

Disease resistance is an important aspect of crop improvement because it enables crops to withstand attacks from pathogens. This means that crops are better able to resist diseases, which can help to increase yields and reduce losses due to plant diseases. By breeding crops that are resistant to specific diseases, farmers can reduce their dependence on chemical pesticides and improve the sustainability of their farming practices.

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Read lesson note on Maintenance Practices And Precautionary Measures (WAEC)

Crop Improvement

Maintenance Practices And Precautionary Measures

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Question 17 Report

The development of agriculture in West Africa is not generally affected by

ignorance

religious beliefs

poor marketing

population size

Importance Of Agriculture

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Question 18 Report

Which of the following effects is not due to water-logging?

inhibition of crop development

enhancement of leaching

inhibition of the activities of soil microorganisms

wilting of crop roots

Soil Water And Soil Conservation

Factors Of Production

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Question 19 Report

An infectious disease of livestock characterized by sudden death and black bloody discharge from the nose, mouth and eyes is known as

anthrax

brucellosis

pleuropneumonia

tuberculosis

Answer Details

The infectious disease of livestock that is characterized by sudden death and black, bloody discharge from the nose, mouth, and eyes is known as "anthrax." Anthrax is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis, which can produce spores that can survive for long periods in the soil. Livestock can become infected with anthrax by ingesting or inhaling the spores while grazing on contaminated pastures or by coming into contact with infected animals or animal products. The disease can also be transmitted to humans who come into contact with infected animals or animal products. Anthrax is a very serious disease and can cause rapid death in affected animals. Symptoms may include fever, loss of appetite, and difficulty breathing. The black, bloody discharge from the nose, mouth, and eyes is a characteristic sign of the disease. To prevent anthrax, farmers and livestock owners can vaccinate their animals and avoid grazing them on contaminated pastures. If an outbreak does occur, affected animals should be isolated and treated promptly, and strict biosecurity measures should be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease to other animals or humans.

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Diseases Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Types And Classification Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Crop Diseases

Diseases Of Farm Animals

Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density

Types And Classification Of Farm Animals

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Question 20 Report

Natural immunity can be conferred on newly-born animals through

vaccination

administration of antibiotics

feeding with colostrum

strict sanitation

Answer Details

Natural immunity can be conferred on newly-born animals through feeding with colostrum. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mother after giving birth, and it contains high levels of antibodies that the mother has built up over time. When the newborn animal drinks colostrum, these antibodies are passed on to them and help protect against diseases. This is important because newborn animals are born with immature immune systems and are more susceptible to infections. Vaccination and antibiotics are not natural ways of conferring immunity and do not involve the transfer of antibodies from the mother to the newborn animal. Strict sanitation practices can help reduce the risk of infection, but do not provide the same level of protection as natural immunity.

Read lesson note on Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources

Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals

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Question 21 Report

Which of the following operations takes place in a ginnery?

production of cotton seed oil

detoxication of cotton seed

separation of cotton seeds from lint

production of cotton seed cake

Answer Details

The operation that takes place in a ginnery is the separation of cotton seeds from the lint. A ginnery is a factory where raw cotton is processed and separated from the seeds by a machine called a cotton gin. The cotton fibers are then used to produce textiles, while the seeds can be used to produce cottonseed oil or cottonseed cake, which is a byproduct used for animal feed. Therefore, the correct option is the separation of cotton seeds from lint.

Read lesson note on Crop Improvement (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Farm Inputs (JAMB)

Crop Improvement

Farm Inputs

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Question 22 Report

The function of the mouldboard in a mouldboard plough is to

cut a horizontal line in the soil

give support to the share

invert the furrow slice

keep the equipment steady during operation

Answer Details

The function of the mouldboard in a mouldboard plough is to invert the furrow slice. A mouldboard plough is a tillage equipment used to turn the soil over in preparation for planting. The mouldboard is a curved metal plate located at the rear of the ploughshare that is responsible for lifting and turning over the furrow slice. As the plough moves forward, the share cuts a vertical slice of soil, and the mouldboard then lifts and turns the soil slice over, completely inverting it. This helps to bury surface vegetation and crop residue, aerate the soil, and bring nutrients to the surface. The mouldboard also helps to create a more level surface for planting and to reduce soil erosion by breaking up compacted soil layers.

Read lesson note on Farm Inputs (JAMB)

Farm Inputs

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Question 23 Report

The biotic factor which derives much benefit from livestock and reduces productivity is a

predator

parasite

pathogen

microbe

Answer Details

The biotic factor that derives much benefit from livestock and reduces productivity is a parasite. A parasite is an organism that lives on or within another organism, known as the host, and benefits at the host's expense. Livestock can be hosts to a variety of parasites, such as ticks, lice, and worms, which can cause harm to the animals and reduce productivity. Parasites can lead to weight loss, anemia, reduced milk production, and even death in severe cases. Additionally, parasites can be transmitted from livestock to humans, leading to health problems. Therefore, it is important for livestock producers to manage parasite infestations through various methods, such as deworming and sanitation, to ensure the health and productivity of their animals.

Read lesson note on Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 24 Report

Which of the following groups of crops grow best in the savanna zones of West Africa?

cotton,millet and groundnut

cocoa,kola and oil palm

cotton,cocoa and guinea corn

banana,rubber and millet

Answer Details

The crops that grow best in the savanna zones of West Africa are cotton, millet, and groundnut. This is because these crops are well adapted to the dry conditions and high temperatures found in the savanna. Cotton is a crop that requires a warm and dry climate to grow, and the savanna provides such conditions. Millet is a drought-resistant grain crop that can grow in poor soils and is well suited for the savanna's dry conditions. Groundnut, also known as peanut, is a legume that can fix nitrogen in the soil, making it a good crop to grow in areas where the soil is poor. Cocoa, kola, oil palm, guinea corn, banana, and rubber are not as well adapted to the dry conditions of the savanna, and may require more water or specific soil conditions to grow properly. Therefore, they may not be the best crops to grow in the savanna zones of West Africa.

Read lesson note on Mechanization And Sources Of Farm Power (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Husbandry Of Selected Crops (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Pasture And Forage Crops (WAEC)

Mechanization And Sources Of Farm Power

Husbandry Of Selected Crops

Pasture And Forage Crops

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Question 25 Report

Which of the following problems are associated with agricultural marketing in West Africa? I. Seasonality of produce II. Transportation of produce III. Access to credit

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I,II and III

Answer Details

All three problems are associated with agricultural marketing in West Africa: I. Seasonality of produce: Farmers often experience a glut of produce during the peak harvest season, which leads to low prices due to oversupply. During the off-season, however, prices rise as demand increases but farmers may not have enough produce to meet this demand. II. Transportation of produce: Due to poor road infrastructure and inadequate transportation systems, farmers often find it difficult to transport their produce to markets. This can result in spoilage and loss of quality of produce, which negatively affects the prices that they receive. III. Access to credit: Farmers in West Africa often lack access to credit, making it difficult for them to finance their operations and invest in new technologies that would improve their productivity. Without credit, farmers may not be able to purchase inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, which can negatively affect the quality and quantity of their produce. Therefore, the correct answer is I, II and III.

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Read lesson note on Marketing Of Agricultural Produce (JAMB)

Marketing Of Agricultural Produce

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Question 26 Report

Physical properties of clay soil include

low porosity and low capillarity

high porosity and high capillarity

low porosity and high capillarity

high porosity and low capillarity

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Question 27 Report

The fish preservation method, which results in the greatest water loss is

freezing

steaming

salting

smoking

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

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Question 28 Report

The main reason for establishing game reserves is to prevent wildlife from

being poached

being hunted periodcally

attacking tourists

becoming extinct

Answer Details

The main reason for establishing game reserves is to prevent wildlife from becoming extinct. Game reserves are areas of land that are set aside for the conservation of wildlife and their habitats. They are created to protect wildlife from extinction, which can result from poaching, habitat destruction, and other human activities. By creating game reserves, governments and conservation organizations hope to provide a safe haven for wildlife to thrive and to ensure that future generations can enjoy these animals in their natural habitats.

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Fisheries And Wildlife

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Question 29 Report

The most convenient method of fertilizer application used when crops have been planted in rows is

foliar application

broadcasting

drilling

ring placement

Farm Inputs

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Question 30 Report

Which of the following characteristics is not important in beef cattle breeding?

high fertility

increased butter-fat percentage

good feed conversion efficiency

high yield of lean meat

Answer Details

Increased butter-fat percentage is not important in beef cattle breeding. This is because butter-fat content is more relevant to dairy cattle breeding, which is aimed at producing milk with high fat content. In beef cattle breeding, the focus is on producing animals with a high yield of lean meat and good feed conversion efficiency. Lean meat yield is important because it is the part of the carcass that is consumed by humans, while feed conversion efficiency is important because it determines how efficiently the animal converts feed into muscle. High fertility is also important in beef cattle breeding because it ensures that the herd size can be maintained or increased. Therefore, while all the options listed may be important in different types of animal breeding, increased butter-fat percentage is not relevant to beef cattle breeding.

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Animal Reproduction

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Question 31 Report

Corms, rhizomes and tubers are examples of

underground stems

underground roots

modified leaves

earial stems

Answer Details

Corms, rhizomes, and tubers are examples of underground stems. These are specialized plant structures that grow underground and serve as storage organs for the plant. They help the plant survive during unfavorable conditions, such as drought or winter, by storing nutrients and energy for future growth. Corms are short, swollen underground stems that are used for food storage. Rhizomes are horizontal, underground stems that grow along or just beneath the surface of the soil, producing roots and shoots at intervals. Tubers are enlarged, fleshy underground stems that grow at the end of stolons and store nutrients for the plant. Examples of plants that have these underground stems are taro, ginger, potato, and yam.

Read lesson note on Livestock And Fishing Equipment (WAEC)

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

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Question 32 Report

The following farming practices expose the soil to agents of erosion except

bush burning

land clearing

crop rotation

overgrazing

Answer Details

The farming practice that does not expose soil to agents of erosion is "crop rotation". Crop rotation is a method of farming where crops are planted in a specific sequence over time to maintain soil fertility and prevent erosion. On the other hand, bush burning, land clearing, and overgrazing all expose the soil to agents of erosion such as wind and rain. Bush burning and land clearing remove plant cover and leave the soil exposed to erosion. Overgrazing also removes vegetation cover and weakens the soil structure, making it more susceptible to erosion.

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Read lesson note on Soil (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Plant Propagation Methods (JAMB)

Soil Water And Soil Conservation

Soil

Plant Propagation Methods

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Question 33 Report

A farmstead should be located close to a source of water because of the following reasons except

reduction of overhead cost

operation of efficient irrigation system

processing of farm produce

erosion of farm structures

Answer Details

A farmstead should be located close to a source of water for several reasons, but erosion of farm structures is not one of them. One reason for locating a farmstead close to a source of water is to reduce overhead costs. If a farmer has to transport water over long distances, this can be expensive and time-consuming. By locating the farmstead near a water source, the farmer can save money and use the time and resources to focus on other aspects of farming. Another reason is to operate an efficient irrigation system. Irrigation is essential in dry areas where there is not enough rainfall to support crops. By locating the farmstead close to a water source, the farmer can easily pump water to irrigate the crops, which will increase yields and improve the quality of the produce. Processing of farm produce is another reason for locating a farmstead close to a water source. Many farm products require washing and cleaning before they can be sold. By locating the farmstead near a source of water, farmers can easily access water for cleaning and processing their produce. In summary, while there are several reasons for locating a farmstead near a source of water, erosion of farm structures is not one of them. Instead, the main reasons include reducing overhead costs, operating an efficient irrigation system, and processing farm produce.

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Question 34 Report

Which of the following practices promote agricultural development?

growing disease-resistant crops

planting late-maturing crop varieties

banning importation of pesticides

encouraging communal land tenure system

Answer Details

Growing disease-resistant crops promotes agricultural development because it helps farmers protect their crops from being destroyed by diseases. When crops are resistant to diseases, farmers can achieve higher yields, reduce losses, and increase their income. This can lead to greater food security and economic growth. Planting late-maturing crop varieties also promotes agricultural development because it allows farmers to harvest their crops at a time when market prices are higher. Late-maturing crops take longer to mature and ripen, which means that they can be harvested later in the season when there is less supply and higher demand for the crop. This can help farmers get a better price for their crops and increase their income. Banning the importation of pesticides may not necessarily promote agricultural development because it could limit the options available to farmers for controlling pests and diseases. However, promoting the use of safer, more sustainable pest management practices such as integrated pest management (IPM) can promote agricultural development. IPM involves using a combination of techniques such as crop rotation, biological controls, and natural predators to manage pests and diseases while minimizing the use of synthetic pesticides. Encouraging a communal land tenure system can promote agricultural development by providing farmers with greater access to land. When land is owned collectively by a community, farmers who may not have access to their own land can still cultivate and harvest crops. This can increase food production, promote social cohesion, and help to reduce poverty. However, communal land tenure systems may also face challenges such as conflicting land use priorities, disputes over land ownership, and difficulties in securing financing for agricultural investments.

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Read lesson note on Maintenance Practices And Precautionary Measures (WAEC)

Agricultural Ecology

Maintenance Practices And Precautionary Measures

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Question 35 Report

The most common grazing system in West Africa is

continuous grazing

strip grazing

rotational grazing

zero grazing

Answer Details

The most common grazing system in West Africa is continuous grazing. This is a system where animals are allowed to graze on a piece of land continuously without any form of restriction. The animals are not moved to different areas for grazing but rather allowed to roam freely within the same location. This system is common in West Africa due to its simplicity and low cost. However, it can lead to overgrazing, soil erosion, and reduced productivity of the land.

Read lesson note on Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 36 Report

Grafting involves the

fusion of the gametes of two plants

inducement of rooting from two stems

transfer of a bud from one plant to another

joining of two parts from related plants

Genetics

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Question 37 Report

The objectives of farm mechanization include the following except to

obtain higher farm yield

carry out farm operation quickly

improve the quality of farm produce

produce disease-resistant crop varieties

Answer Details

The objectives of farm mechanization are the goals or aims that are intended to be achieved through the use of farm machinery. These objectives include increasing farm yield, performing farm operations quickly and more efficiently, and improving the quality of farm produce. However, the option "produce disease-resistant crop varieties" does not relate to the objectives of farm mechanization because it is concerned with the development of crop varieties that are resistant to diseases, which is a function of plant breeding and genetics, and not farm mechanization. Therefore, the correct answer is option D, "produce disease-resistant crop varieties".

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Crop Improvement

Agricultural Mechanization

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Question 38 Report

The causal organism of anthrax in farm animals is known as

baccillus anthracis

brucella abortus

mycobacterium spp

aspergillus spp

Answer Details

The causal organism of anthrax in farm animals is known as Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax is a bacterial disease that affects both animals and humans, and it is caused by the spore-forming bacteria Bacillus anthracis. The bacteria produce spores that can survive for long periods in the soil, and when ingested by animals or humans, can cause severe illness and even death. Farm animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats are particularly susceptible to anthrax infection, which can occur through ingestion of contaminated soil, feed, or water. In humans, anthrax can be contracted through direct contact with infected animals, their tissues or fluids, or through inhalation of spores. Therefore, it is important for farmers to take preventive measures such as vaccination of their animals and proper disposal of infected animal carcasses to prevent the spread of anthrax.

Read lesson note on Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density (JAMB)

Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density

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Question 39 Report

An advantage of sprinkler irrigation is that

it assists farmers to raise a greater varity of crops

it is easy to instal

large areas of land can be irrigated

it can be afforded by peasant farmers

Answer Details

Sprinkler irrigation is advantageous because it allows for large areas of land to be irrigated, which means that farmers can cover a lot of ground and water more crops at once. This can be particularly helpful for large-scale commercial farmers who need to irrigate vast areas of land. Additionally, the system is relatively easy to install, making it accessible to a wide range of farmers, including smallholder farmers. While it may not be affordable for all peasant farmers, it can still be a viable option for many.

Read lesson note on Soil Water And Soil Conservation (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Irrigation And Drainage (WAEC)

Soil Water And Soil Conservation

Irrigation And Drainage

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Question 40 Report

Feeds given to animals solely to sustain their live weight is called

balanced ration

maintenance ration

production ration

weaner ration

Answer Details

Feeds given to animals solely to sustain their live weight is called a maintenance ration. The purpose of a maintenance ration is to provide the necessary nutrients for an animal to maintain its body weight and support basic bodily functions, such as respiration and digestion. This type of ration is typically given to animals that are not being raised for production purposes, such as breeding stock or animals that are not yet old enough for production. The amount and composition of a maintenance ration will vary depending on the animal's species, age, weight, and level of physical activity.

Read lesson note on Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals

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Question 41 Report

The disease which affects only animals other than humans is

anthrax

rinderpest

brucellosis

trypanosomiasis

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Question 42 Report

The maize stem borer is best controlled by

destroying and burning all the affected crops

erecting physical barriers on the farm

using scare crows on the farm

hand-picking from infested crops

Crop Diseases

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Question 43 Report

Training of yam vines is important to

ease passage in the farm

suppress weeds

increase photosynthesis

prevent rodent attack

Answer Details

Training of yam vines is important to increase photosynthesis. Training involves arranging the yam vines in a specific pattern on a trellis or support system, which helps to expose more leaves to sunlight. This results in an increase in photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants use sunlight to produce energy and food for growth. By increasing photosynthesis, yam plants can produce more and larger tubers, leading to increased yields. Additionally, training of yam vines can help to suppress weed growth by reducing competition for nutrients and sunlight. It can also make it easier to navigate through the farm during planting, weeding, and harvesting, as well as prevent rodent attacks by making it difficult for them to access the vines. Overall, training of yam vines is an important practice that can result in increased yields, improved plant health, and easier farm management.

Read lesson note on Meaning And Scope Of Agriculture (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Plant Propagation Methods (JAMB)

Meaning And Scope Of Agriculture

Plant Propagation Methods

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Question 44 Report

Which of the following factors is the least important in selecting a site for a fish-pond?

topography of the site

soil type

availability of water

availability of manure

Answer Details

The least important factor in selecting a site for a fish-pond is the availability of manure. While manure can be beneficial for the growth of aquatic plants and the production of natural food for fish, it is not essential for the establishment of a successful fish-pond. The topography of the site, soil type, and availability of water are all crucial factors in selecting a suitable location for a fish-pond. The topography of the site will determine the water flow, while the soil type will determine the ability of the pond to retain water. Availability of water is obviously essential since it is the primary resource in a fish-pond, and it should be in sufficient quantities and quality. In summary, while manure can be a useful resource for a fish-pond, it is not a crucial factor in selecting a site for a fish-pond, and the topography of the site, soil type, and availability of water should be given higher priority.

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Agricultural Extension

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Question 45 Report

Prevention of animal diseases involves the following except

rearing disease-resistant stock

carrying out rotational grazing

idebtifying the source of diseases

feeding balanced ration

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Question 46 Report

High temperature and pressure convert sandstone to

basalt

quartzite

coal

limestone

Answer Details

High temperature and pressure convert sandstone to quartzite. Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. When sandstone undergoes high temperature and pressure, the individual grains of sand are fused together, forming a harder and more compact rock called quartzite. This process, known as metamorphism, causes the sand grains to recrystallize and fuse together, creating a dense and durable rock that is resistant to erosion and weathering. Quartzite is mainly composed of quartz, with minor amounts of other minerals such as feldspar, mica, and iron oxide. It is commonly used as a construction material due to its strength and durability.

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Rocks And Soil Formation

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Question 47 Report

Which of the following is not a role of government in agricultural production?

provision of labour

provision of subsidies

building of storage facilities

provision of loans and credits

Answer Details

The provision of labour is not a role of the government in agricultural production. Labour is provided by individuals who work on farms and other agricultural enterprises. The government's role in agricultural production typically involves creating policies and programs that support farmers and ensure food security for the population. This includes providing subsidies, building storage facilities to preserve crops, and providing loans and credits to farmers to help them purchase inputs and improve their operations. Additionally, the government may engage in research and development to improve agricultural techniques and technologies, as well as regulate the industry to ensure safety and sustainability. However, the provision of labour is not a role that the government typically plays in agricultural production.

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Read lesson note on Agricultural Extension (WAEC)

Farm Management

Agricultural Extension

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Question 48 Report

A major raw material of the paper industry is

pulp

gum

latex

bark

Answer Details

The major raw material of the paper industry is pulp. Pulp is made by breaking down wood into its component fibers, which can then be used to make paper. The process of making pulp involves first removing the bark and other unwanted materials from the wood, and then grinding it into a fine pulp using a chemical or mechanical process. Once the pulp has been made, it can be used to make a wide variety of paper products, including newspapers, magazines, books, and packaging materials. Pulp can also be made from other sources, such as recycled paper, but wood pulp is still the most common raw material used in the paper industry.

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Mechanization And Sources Of Farm Power

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Question 49 Report

Which of the following feedstuffs requires much processing before being fed to animals?

cassava

sorghum

maize

groundnut

Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources

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Question 50 Report

Which of the following farming practices are cultural methods used to control pests and diseases? I. Crop rotation II. Mixed farming III. Monoculture

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I,II and III

Answer Details

Crop rotation is a farming practice that involves planting different crops in a particular field over a period of time, while mixed farming involves cultivating different types of crops and rearing animals on the same piece of land. Both of these practices are examples of cultural methods used to control pests and diseases, as they help to disrupt the life cycle of pests and prevent the build-up of diseases in the soil. On the other hand, monoculture involves planting a single crop in a field, which can lead to the build-up of pests and diseases, and therefore is not a cultural method used to control pests and diseases. Therefore, the correct answer is (A) I and II only.

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Read lesson note on Plant Propagation Methods (JAMB)

Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density

Plant Propagation Methods

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Question 51 Report

Mould growth on cereal grains stored in damp conditions is caused by

bacterium

fungus

virus

nematode

Answer Details

Mould growth on cereal grains stored in damp conditions is caused by a fungus. Mould is a type of fungus that grows on food items in damp conditions. Cereal grains such as rice, maize, and wheat are particularly susceptible to mould growth when stored in damp conditions. The fungus grows on the surface of the grains, producing a furry or powdery coating that can contaminate the grains and make them unsafe for consumption. This is why it is important to store cereal grains in dry conditions to prevent mould growth.

Read lesson note on Main Pests And Parasites Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Main Pests And Parasites Of Farm Animals

Crop Diseases

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Question 52 Report

Rabbits can digest roughages because they possess

large intestine

enlarged caecum

long colon

small rectum

Answer Details

Rabbits are herbivorous animals, which means they feed on plants. However, plants contain complex carbohydrates, such as cellulose, that cannot be easily digested by rabbits. To overcome this problem, rabbits have an enlarged caecum, which is a part of the digestive system that is responsible for breaking down tough plant materials. The caecum is home to a population of bacteria that help to ferment and break down cellulose into simpler compounds that the rabbit can digest. Therefore, the correct option is "enlarged caecum".

Read lesson note on Types And Classification Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Types And Classification Of Farm Animals

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Question 53 Report

The removal of top soil from a small area of soil surface due to the impact of raindrops is known as

sheet erosion

rill erosion

gully erosion

splash erosion

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Question 54 Report

The survey instrument used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles on the field is the

theodolite

prismatic compass

offset staff

arrow

Answer Details

The survey instrument used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles on the field is the theodolite. It is an optical instrument that has a rotating base and a telescope mounted on it. The theodolite is used to measure angles between two points on the ground, which is important in surveying and construction work. The horizontal angle is measured by rotating the theodolite on its base, while the vertical angle is measured by tilting the telescope up or down. The theodolite is a precise instrument that is commonly used by surveyors and engineers to measure angles and distances accurately.

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Farm Tools And Equipment

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Question 55 Report

The source of credit with the most unfavourable terms of payment in West Africa is

financial institutions

governments

marketing boards

money lenders

Principles Of Farmstead Planning

Plant Forms And Functions

Agricultural Extension

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Question 56 Report

Which of the following plants is a pasture legume?

cynodon pletostachyus

stylosanthes gracilis

panicum maximum

pennisetum purpureum

Answer Details

Stylosanthes gracilis is a pasture legume. Pasture legumes are important components of grazing systems because they provide high-quality forage for livestock and can also fix nitrogen in the soil, which benefits the growth of other plants in the pasture. Stylosanthes gracilis is a tropical and subtropical legume that is commonly used in grazing systems due to its high protein content and ability to grow well in poor soil conditions. It is also drought-tolerant and can grow in areas with low rainfall. The other options listed, namely Cynodon pletostachyus, Panicum maximum, and Pennisetum purpureum, are all grass species commonly used in grazing systems, but they are not legumes.

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Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Pasture And Forage Crops

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 57 Report

Which of the following products is not from coconut?

candy

copra

oil

jam

Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources

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Question 58 Report

The main sources of farm power in West Africa are

wind,solar and mechanical

human,animal and mechanical

mechanical,solar and human

electrical,mechanical and solar

Answer Details

The main sources of farm power in West Africa are human, animal, and mechanical power. Human power refers to the use of physical labor by humans to perform agricultural tasks such as planting, weeding, and harvesting. This has been a traditional source of farm power in West Africa for centuries and is still widely used today. Animal power involves using animals such as oxen, horses, and donkeys to perform farm work. These animals are typically harnessed to plows, carts, and other implements and can greatly increase the efficiency of agricultural operations. Mechanical power is the use of machines such as tractors, combines, and irrigation pumps to perform farm work. This type of power is becoming increasingly common in West Africa as the region modernizes and farmers have greater access to technology. While wind and solar power may be used in some areas of West Africa to generate electricity for farm operations, they are not currently major sources of farm power in the region. In summary, the main sources of farm power in West Africa are human, animal, and mechanical power, with each having its own advantages and disadvantages depending on factors such as the type of crop, soil conditions, and available technology.

Read lesson note on Farm Power (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Mechanization And Sources Of Farm Power (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Farm Tractor (WAEC)

Farm Power

Mechanization And Sources Of Farm Power

Farm Tractor

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WAEC SSCE - Agricultural Science - 2010 (Objective)