JAMB UTME - Mathematics - 2008

Question 1 Report

A binary operation on the set of real numbers excluding -1 is such that sor all $m, n \in R$, $m \Delta n = m + n + mn$. Find the identity element of the operation.

1

0

-

\frac{1}{2}

-1

Answer Details

m

Δ

n = m + n + mn
m

Δ

e = e

Δ

m = m
m

Δ

e = m
m + e + me = m
e + me = m - m
e + me = 0
e(1 + m) = 0
e =

\frac{0}{1 + m}

= 0

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Binary Operations

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Question 2 Report

A book seller sells Mathematics and English books. If 30 customers buy Mathematics books, 20 customers buy English books and 10 customers buy the two books, How many customers has he altogether.

30

40

50

60

Answer Details

n(M) only = 30-10 = 20
n(E) only = 20-10 = 10
n(M∩E) = 10
∴M∪E = 20+10+10
= 40

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Probability

Sets

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Question 3 Report

calculate the simple interest on N6,500 for 8 years at 5% per annum.

N3,000

N600

N300

N150

Answer Details

I = \frac{P \times T \times R}{100} = \frac{7500 \times 8 \times 5}{100} = N 3000

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Financial Arithmetic

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Question 4 Report

On a pie chart, there are six sectors of which four angles are 30o, 45o, 60o, 90o and the remaining two angles are in the ratio 2 : 1. Find the smaller angles of the remaining two angles

15o

30o

45o

60o

View Answer

Question 5 Report

Find the area of the figure above

[π = 22/7]

12.5 cm2

75.0 cm2

78.5 cm2

84.8 cm2

Answer Details

Area of the figure = Area of rect + area of semi circle

= L \times h + \frac{1}{2} π r^{2} 5 \times 15 + \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{22}{7} \times {(\frac{5}{2})}^{2} = 75 + \frac{(22 \times 25)}{2 \times 7} = 75 + 9 \frac{23}{28} = 84.8 c m

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Areas

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Question 6 Report

Factorize complete;y (4x+3y)2 - (3x-2y)2

(x+5y)(7x+y)

(x+5y)(7x-y)

(x-5y)(7x+y)

(x-5y)(7x-y)

Answer Details

(4x+3y)2 - (3x-2y)2
(4x+3y+3x-2y)(4x+3y-(3x-2y))
(4x+3y+3x-2y)(4x+3y-3x+2y)
(x+5y)(7x+y)

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Algebraic Expressions

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Question 7 Report

if X = {n2 + 1 : n = 0, 2, 3} and y = {n + 1 : n = 2, 3, 4, 5}, find x ∩ y

{1, 3}

{5,10}

Φ

(4, 6)

Answer Details

X = {n2 + 1 : n = 0, 2, 3}
y = {n + 1 : n = 2, 3, 4, 5}
find x ∩ y
x = (n2 + 1)(22 + 1)(32 + 1)
y = (2 + 1) (3 + 1)(5 + 1)
x = {1, 5, 10}
y = {3, 4, 6}
x ∩ y =

Φ

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Sets

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Question 8 Report

If 125x = 2010 find x

2

3

4

5

Answer Details

125x = 20
1xX2 + 2xX1 + 5xX0 = 20
X2 + 2X + 5 = 20
X2 + 2X - 15 = 0
(X + 5)( X - 3) = 0
X + 5 implies X = -5
X - 3 implies X = 3
But X cannot be negative
∴X = 3

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Number Bases

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Question 9 Report

Find the median of 4, 1, 4, 1, 0, 4, 4, 2 and 0

zero

1

2

3

Answer Details

4, 4, 1, 0, 4, 4, 2, 0
Arrange in ascending order:
0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 4, 4, 4, 4
Position of median = N+1 / 2 = 9+1 / 2 = 5th
Median = 2

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Measures Of Location

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Question 10 Report

Find the number of ways of selecting 6 out of 10 subjects for an examination

128

216

215

210

Answer Details

^{10} C_{6} = \frac{10!}{(10 - 6)! 6!} = \frac{10!}{4! 6!} = \frac{10 \times 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6!}{4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 \times 6!} = 2

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Permutation And Combination

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Question 11 Report

Find the minimum value of the function y = x(1+x)

-1/4

-1/2

1/4

1/2

Answer Details

y = x(1+x)
= x + x2
dy/dx = 1 + 2x
As dy/dy → 0
1 + 2x = 0
2x = -1
X = -1/2
Y = x(1+x)
= -1/2(1 - 1/2) at x = -1/2
= -1/2(1/2)
= -1/4

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Question 12 Report

The result of rolling a fair die 150 times is as summarized in the table given.

Number	1	2	3	4	5	6
Frequency	12	18	$x$	30	$2x$	45

What is the probability of obtaining a 5?

\frac{3}{10}

\frac{1}{5}

\frac{1}{6}

\frac{1}{10}

Answer Details

\begin{array}{cc} N u m b e r & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\ F r e q u e n c y & 12 & 18 & x & 30 & 2 x & 45 \end{array}

12 + 18 + x + 30 + 2x + 45 = 150
3x + 105 = 150
3x = 150 - 105
3x = 45
x =

\frac{45}{3}

x = 15
probability of 5 =

\frac{30}{150}

=

\frac{1}{5}

View Answer

Question 13 Report

In how many ways can the letters of the word ACCEPTANCE be arranged?

10! / (2!2!3!)

10! / ( 2!3!)

10! / (2!2!)

10!

Answer Details

ACCEPTANCE = 10 Letters
A = 2 letters
C = 3 letters
E = 2 letters
Can be arranged in 10! / (2!3!2!) ways

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Permutation And Combination

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Question 14 Report

A binary operation * is defined on the set of positive integers is such x*y = 2x-3y+2 for all positive integers x and y. The binary operation is

commutative and close on the set of positive integers

neither commutative nor closed on the set of ppositive integers

commutative but not closed on the set of positive integers

not cummutative but closed on the set of positive integers

Answer Details

X * Y = 2X - 3Y + 2
2*3 = 2(2) - 3(3) + 2
=4-9+2
= -3
But -3 does not belong to positive integer

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Matrices And Determinants

Binary Operations

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Question 15 Report

Find the values of x and y respectively if

\[ \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0\\ -1 & -1\\ 2 & 2 \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} x & 1\\ -1 & 0\\ y & -2 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} -2 & 1\\ -2 & -1\\ -30 & 0 \end{pmatrix} \]

-3, -2

-5, -3

-2, -5

-3, -5

Answer Details

(\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ - 1 & - 1 \\ 2 & 2 \end{matrix})

+

(\begin{matrix} x & 1 \\ - 1 & 0 \\ y & - 2 \end{matrix})

=

(\begin{matrix} - 2 & 1 \\ - 2 & - 1 \\ - 30 & 0 \end{matrix})

therefore, (x, y) = (-3, -5) respectively

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Question 16 Report

In how many ways can the letters of the word ACCEPTANCE be arranged?

\frac{10!}{2! 2! 3!}

\frac{10!}{2! 3!}

\frac{10!}{2! 2!}

\frac{10!}{3! 2! 2!}

Answer Details

Acceptance

\frac{10!}{3! 2! 2!}

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Representation Of Data

Permutation And Combination

Probability

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Question 17 Report

The bar chart above shows the number of times the word a, and , in, it, the , to appear in a paragraph in a book. What is the ratio of the least frequent word?

1/4

1/3

2/3

3/4

Answer Details

Ratio of least to most = 3:12
= 3/12
= 1/4

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Representation Of Data

Integration

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Question 18 Report

In the diagram above ∠OPQ is

90

^{\circ}

53

^{\circ}

36

^{\circ}

26

^{\circ}

Answer Details

a = a(base ∠s of Iss Δ)
∴ a+a+74 = 180
2a + 74 = 180
2a = 180-74
2a = 106
a = 53
∴∠OPQ = 53

^{\circ}

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Circles

Angles

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Question 19 Report

A binary operation on the real set of numbers excluding -1 is such that for all m, n ∈ R, mΔn = m+n+mn. Find the identity element of the operation.

1

zero

-1/2

-1

Answer Details

mΔn = m+n+mn
Let e be the identity element
∴mΔe = eΔm = m
m+e+me = m
e+me = m-m
e+me = 0
e(1+m) = 0
e = 0 / (1+m)
e = 0

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Binary Operations

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Question 20 Report

If p = varies inversely as the square of q and p=8 when q=4, find when p=32

+/-16

+/-8

+/-4

+/-2

Answer Details

P ∝ 1/q
P = k/q
K = q2P
= 428
∴P = 128/q
32 = 128/q
q2 = 128/32
q2 = 4
q = √4 = +/-2

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Progression

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Question 21 Report

Evaluate $ \int_{1}^{2} (6x^{2} - 2x)\,dx $

16

13

12

11

Answer Details

\int_{1}^{2} (6 x^{2} - 2 x) d x = [\frac{6 x^{3}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{2}}{2}]_{1}^{2} = [2 x^{3} - x^{2}]_{1}^{2}

= [2(2)3 - (2)2] – [2(1)3 - (1)2]
= [16-4] – [2-1]
= 12 – 1
= 11

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Modular Arithmetic

Quadratic Equations

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Question 22 Report

Make Q the subject of formula when $L = \frac{4}{3}M\sqrt{PQ}$

\frac{9 L^{2}}{16 M^{2}} P

\frac{3 L}{4 M \sqrt{P}}

\frac{\sqrt{3 L}}{4 M P}

\frac{3 L^{2}}{16 M^{2}} P

Answer Details

L = \frac{4}{3} M \sqrt{P Q} = \frac{3}{4 M} \times L = \sqrt{P Q} = {(\frac{3 L}{4 M})}^{2} = (\sqrt{P Q})^{2} = \frac{9 L^{2}}{16 M^{2}} = P Q = Q = \frac{9 L^{2}}{16 M^{2} P}

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Change Of Subject Of A Formula/Relation

Simple Operations On Algebraic Expressions

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Question 23 Report

Evaluate $ \frac{\left(\frac{3}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}\right)}{\left(\frac{1}{8} \times \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3}\right)} $

1/4

1/3

1/2

1

Answer Details

\frac{(\frac{3}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2})}{(\frac{1}{8} \times \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3})} = \frac{(\frac{3}{8} \times \frac{2}{1} + \frac{1}{2})}{(\frac{1}{8} \times \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3})} = \frac{(\frac{3}{4} - \frac{1}{3})}{(\frac{1}{12} + \frac{1}{3})} = (\frac{9 - 4}{12}) \div (\frac{1 + 4}{12}) = (\frac{5}{12}) \div (\frac{5}{12}) = \frac{5}{12} \times \frac{12}{5} = 1

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Solution Of Linear Equations

Positive And Negative Integers, Rational Numbers

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Question 24 Report

\[ \int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos x\, dx \]

7

1

2

3

Answer Details

\int_{- \frac{π}{2}}^{\frac{π}{2}}

cosx

[s i n x]_{\frac{π}{2}}^{\frac{π}{2}}

= sin

\frac{π}{2}

- (-sin

\frac{π}{2}

)
= sin

\frac{π}{2}

+ sin

\frac{π}{2}

= 2 sin

\frac{π}{2}

= 2 sin 1.5714
= 2(0.2704)
= 0.5
= 1

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Integration

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Question 25 Report

Calculate the distance between points L(-1, -6) and M(-3, -5)

√5

2√3

√20

√50

Answer Details

L

(\begin{matrix} x_{1} & y_{1} \\ - 1 & - 6 \end{matrix})

m L

(\begin{matrix} x_{2} & y_{2} \\ - 3 & - 5 \end{matrix})

D =

\sqrt{(x_{2} - x_{1})^{2} + (y_{2} - y_{1})^{2}}

D =

\sqrt{(- 3 - (- 1)^{2} + (- 5 - (- 6)^{2}}

D =

\sqrt{(- 3 + 1)^{2} + (- 5 + 6)^{2}}

D =

\sqrt{(- 2)^{2} + 1^{2}}

D =

\sqrt{4 + 1}

D =

\sqrt{5}

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Euclidean Geometry

Coordinate Geometry

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Question 26 Report

Express 1223456 to 3 significant figures

123000

124000

125000

126000

Fractions, Decimals And Approximations

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Question 27 Report

In the diagram < OPQ is

90

^{\circ}

53

^{\circ}

36

^{\circ}

26

^{\circ}

Answer Details

74 + x + x = 180

2x = 180 - 74

2x = 103

x = 53

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Angles

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Question 28 Report

Find the mean deviation of 2, 4, 5, and 9

1

2

5

7

Answer Details

X = 20/4
= 5
mean deviation = 8/4 = 2

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Probability

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Question 29 Report

In the diagram, find the size of the angle marked ao

60o

80o

120o

160o

Answer Details

2 x s = 280o(Angle at centre = 2 x < at circum)

S = $\frac{280^{o}}{2}$

= 140

< O = 360 - 280 = 80o

60 + 80 + 140 + a = 360o

(< in a quad); 280 = a = 360

a = 360 - 280

a = 80o

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Circles

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Question 30 Report

If $ \frac{1+\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{2}} $ is expressed in the form of x+y√2 find the values of x and y

(-3, -2)

(-2, 3)

(3,2)

(2,-3)

Answer Details

\frac{1 + \sqrt{2}}{1 - \sqrt{2}} \times \frac{1 + \sqrt{2}}{1 + \sqrt{2}} = \frac{1 + (1 + \sqrt{2}) + \sqrt{2} (1 + \sqrt{2})}{1^{2} - (\sqrt{2})^{2}} = \frac{(1 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} + 2)}{1 - 2} = \frac{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}{- 1} = - 3 - 2 \sqrt{2} ∴ X a n d Y = - 3 a n d - 2

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Surds (radicals)

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Question 31 Report

A student sitting on a tower 68 metres high observes his principal's car at the angle of depression of 20o. How far is the car from the bottom of the tower to the nearest metre?

184m

185m

186m

187m

Answer Details

Tan 20o =

\frac{68 m}{x}

x tan 20o = 68
x =

\frac{68}{t a n 20}

=

\frac{68}{0.364}

x = 186.8
= 187m

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Bearings

Coordinate Geometry

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Question 32 Report

Find the gradient of a line which is perpendicular to the line with the equation 3x + 2y + 1 = 0

3/2

2/3

-2/3

-3/2

Answer Details

3X + 2Y + 1 = 0
2Y = -3X - 1

\frac{- 3}{2} X - \frac{1}{2}

Gradient of 3X + 2Y +1 = 0 is -3/2
Gradient of a line perpendicular to 3X + 2Y + 1 = 0

= - 1 \div \frac{3}{2} = - 1 \times \frac{- 2}{3} = \frac{2}{3}

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Graphs Of Linear And Quadratic Functions

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Question 33 Report

Find the range of values of x which satisfy the inequalities $4x - 7 \leq 3x$ and $3x - 4 \leq 4x$

-4

\leq

x

\leq

7

-7

\leq

x

\leq

4

x

\geq

-7

\leq

x

\leq

6

Answer Details

4X - 7

\leq

3X and 3X - 4

\leq

4X
4X - 3X

\leq

7 and 3X - 4X

\leq

4
X

\leq

7 and -X

\leq

4 = X

\geq

-4
Range -4

\leq

x

\leq

7

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Variation

Inequalities

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Question 34 Report

If x - 3 is directly proportional to the square of y and x = 5 when y =2, find x when y = 6.

30

21

16

12

Answer Details

(x – 3) ∝ y2
X-3 = Ky2
K = X-3 / y2
= 5-2/22
= 2/4
= 1/2
∴X-3 = 1/2y2
X-3 = 1/2(6)2
X-3 = 1/2 x 30/1
X-3 = 18
X = 21

View Answer

Question 35 Report

If logx1/264 = 3, find the value of x

4

16

32

64

Answer Details

If logx1/264 = 3
(X 1/2)3 = 64
(X 1/2)3 = 4 3
X 1/2 = 4
X = 42
X = 16

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Logarithms

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Question 36 Report

\[ \begin{pmatrix} -2 & 1 \\ 2 & 3 \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} p & q \\ r & s \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}. \] What is the value of r?

-

\frac{1}{8}

\frac{3}{8}

\frac{5}{8}

\frac{1}{4}

Answer Details

-2p + r = 1.......(i)
2p + 3r = 0.......(ii)
r - 1 + 2p ........(iii)
2p + 3(1 + 2p) = 0
2p + 3(1 + 2p) = 0
2p + 3 + 6p = 0
3 - 8p = 0

\to

8p = 3
p =

\frac{3}{8}

6 = 1 - 2

\frac{3}{8}

= 1 -

\frac{6}{8}

\frac{8 - 6}{8}

=

\frac{2}{8}

=

\frac{1}{4}

View Answer

Question 37 Report

simplify $16^{-\frac{1}{2}} \times 4^{-\frac{1}{2}} \times 27^{\frac{1}{3}}$

3/8

2/3

3/4

3/2

Answer Details

16^{\frac{? 1}{2}} \times 4^{\frac{? 1}{2}} \times 27^{\frac{1}{3}} = \frac{1}{16^{\frac{1}{2}}} \times \frac{1}{4^{\frac{1}{2}}} \times 27^{\frac{1}{3}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{16}} \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{4}} \times s q r t [3] 27 = \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{3}{1} = \frac{3}{8}

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Number Bases

Simple Operations On Algebraic Expressions

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Question 38 Report

If $ \log X^{\frac{1}{2}} $ 64 = 3, find the value of x.

4

16

32

64

Answer Details

l o g X^{\frac{1}{2}}

64 = 3, find the value of X
recall that X = 10p
log10X = P
64 =

X^{\frac{1}{2}}

43 =

X^{\frac{1}{2}}

4^{3 \times \frac{1}{2}}

=

X^{\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{3}}

4 =

X^{\frac{1}{2}}

(4)2 =

X^{\frac{1}{2} \times 2}

x = 16

View Answer

Question 39 Report

The probability of picking a letter T from the word OBSTRUCTION is

\frac{1}{11}

\frac{3}{11}

\frac{3}{11}

\frac{4}{11}

Answer Details

Obstruction
if a T is picked
p =

\frac{2}{11}

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Probability

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Question 40 Report

The locus of a point equidistant from two points p(6,2) and R(4,2) is a perpendicular bisector of PR passing through

(2,5)

(5,2)

(1,0)

(0,1)

Answer Details

X = \frac{6 + 2}{2} = \frac{10}{2} = 5 Y = \frac{2 + 2}{2} = \frac{4}{2} = 2 ∴ X, Y = (5, 2)

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Loci

Euclidean Geometry

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Question 41 Report

Find the minimum value of X2 - 3x + 2 for all real values of x

-

\frac{1}{4}

-

\frac{1}{2}

\frac{1}{4}

\frac{1}{2}

Answer Details

y = X2 - 3x + 2,

\frac{d y}{d x}

= 2x - 3
at turning pt,

\frac{d y}{d x}

= 0
∴ 2x - 3 = 0
∴ x =

\frac{3}{2}

\frac{d^{2} y}{d x^{2}}

=

\frac{d}{d x}

(

\frac{d}{d x}

)
= 270
∴ ymin = 2

\frac{3}{2}

- 3

\frac{3}{2}

+ 2
=

\frac{9}{4}

-

\frac{9}{2}

+ 2
= -

\frac{1}{4}

View Answer

Question 42 Report

Add 11012,101112 and 1112

1110112

1101102

1010112

1010102

Answer Details

11012 + 101112 + 1112 = 101011

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Number Bases

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Question 43 Report

Find the area of the figure given

12.5cm2

75.0cm2

78.5cm2

84.8cm2

Answer Details

Area of semicircle + Area of rectangle

A = $\frac{1}{2} π r^{2}$ + LB

A = $\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{22}{77} \times (\frac{5}{2})^{2} + (15 \times 5)$

= $\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{22}{7} \times \frac{25}{4} + 75$

A = $\frac{275}{28} + \frac{75}{1}$

$\frac{275 + 2100}{28} = \frac{2375}{28}$

A = 84.8cm2

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Areas

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Question 44 Report

What is the mean of the data t, 2t-1, t-2, 2t-1, 4t and 2t+2?

2t

2t-1

2/3t+1

2t-1/3

Answer Details

M e a n = \frac{t + 2 t - 1 + t - 2 + 2 t - 14 t + 2 t + 2}{6} M e a n = \frac{12 t - 2}{6} = \frac{2 (6 t - 1)}{6} = \frac{6 t - 1}{3} = \frac{6 t}{3} - \frac{1}{3} = 2 t - \frac{1}{3}

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Representation Of Data

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Question 45 Report

Solve the quadratic inequalities x2 - 5x + 6 ≥0

x ≤ 2, x ≥ 3

x ≤ 3, x ≥ 2

x ≤ -2, x ≥ -3

x ≤-3, x ≥ 2

Answer Details

x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
(X-2)(X-3) = 0
X-2 = 0 implies X = 2
X-3 = 0 implies X = 3
∴ x ≤ 2, x ≥ 3

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Progression

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Question 46 Report

If x > 0, find the range of number x-3, 3x+2,x-1, 4x, 2x-1, x-2, 2x-2, 3x and 3x+1

3x+3

3x+1

2x+5

2x+1

Answer Details

x-3, 3x+2,x-1, 4x, 2x-1, x-2, 2x-2, 3x, 3x+1
Range = 3x+2 - (x-3)
= 3x+2 - x - 3
= 2x + 5

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Algebraic Expressions

Quadratic Equations

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Question 47 Report

The solution of the quadratic inequality $x^2 + x - 12 \ge 0$ is

x

\geq

3 or x

\geq

-4

x

\leq

3 or x

\leq

-4

x

\geq

3 or x

\leq

-4

x

\geq

-3 or x

\leq

4

Answer Details

(x2 + x - 12)

\geq

0 , (x - 3)(x + 4)

\geq

0
For the condition to hold, each of (x - 3) and (x + 4) must be of the same sign
.i.e. x - 3

\geq

0 and x + 4

\geq

0
or x - 3

\leq

0 and x + 4

\leq

0
when x

\geq

3, the condition is satisfied
when x

\geq

-4, the condition is not satisfied.
when x

\leq

3, the condition is not satisfied
when x

\leq

-4 , the condition is not satisfied. Thus, the solution of the inequality is x

\geq

3 or x

\leq

-4 ,

Read lesson note on Quadratic Equations (WAEC)

Quadratic Equations

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Question 48 Report

If X = {n2 + 1:n = 0,2,3} and Y = {n+1:n=2,3,5}, find X∩Y.

{1,3}

{5,10}

∅

{4,6}

Answer Details

X = {1,5,10}
Y = {3,4,6}
X∩Y = ∅

Read lesson note on Sets (JAMB)

Sets

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Question 49 Report

Find the capacity in liters of a cylindrical well of radius 1 meter and depth 14 meters

[π = 22/7]

44,000 liters

4,400 liters

440 liters

44 liters

Answer Details

V = πr2h
1m = 100cm
14cm = 1400cm

∴ V = \frac{22}{7} \times \frac{100 x 100 x 1400}{1000} = 44, 000 l i t e r s

Read lesson note on Volumes (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Inequalities (JAMB)

Volumes

Inequalities

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Question 50 Report

If 2x2 - kx - 12 is divisible by x-4, Find the value of k.

4

5

6

7

Answer Details

2x2 - kx - 12 is divisible by x-4
implies x is a factor ∴ x = 4
f(4) implies 2(4)2 - k(4) - 12 = 0
32 - 4k - 12 = 0
-4k + 20 = 0
-4k = -20
k = 5

Read lesson note on Algebraic Expressions (WAEC)

Algebraic Expressions

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Number	1	2	3	4	5	6
Frequency	12	18	\(x\)	30	\(2x\)	45