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Question 1 Report
Profit or loss in a partnership is usually arrived at after deducting from gross profit all expenses including____________
Answer Details
In a partnership, the profit or loss is calculated by subtracting all expenses from the gross profit. These expenses include various costs incurred in running the partnership business, such as rent, utilities, supplies, and wages paid to employees. Additionally, the expenses also include the salaries paid to partners, which is the amount paid to the partners for their work in the business. This is different from the interest on capital, which is the return on the money invested by the partners in the business. Interest on loans is the cost of borrowing money to finance the partnership's operations. This interest expense is deducted from the gross profit to determine the partnership's net profit or loss. Finally, the partners' drawings, which are the amounts taken out of the business by the partners for personal use, are also deducted from the gross profit to determine the partnership's net profit or loss. In summary, the profit or loss in a partnership is calculated by subtracting all expenses, including salaries paid to partners, interest on capital, interest on loans, and partners' drawings, from the gross profit.
Question 2 Report
Why are adjustments in the profit and loss account necessary?
Answer Details
The profit and loss account is a financial statement that shows a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a particular period. The purpose of this statement is to give an overview of the company's financial performance during that period. However, it's not always straightforward to determine the exact amount of income and expenses for a particular period, which is why adjustments are necessary. Adjustments are necessary to ascertain the actual expenses incurred and income earned during the year. This involves adjusting the revenue and expenses figures to reflect the actual amounts earned or incurred during the year, including any amounts that have not been received or paid but are still owed or owing. For example, if a company has sold goods to a customer on credit, the revenue from that sale will not be reflected in the profit and loss account until the payment is received. Similarly, if the company has received goods or services from a supplier but has not yet paid for them, the expense will not be reflected in the profit and loss account until the payment is made. Adjustments are also necessary to show the provisions made during the year. Provisions are amounts set aside to cover potential future expenses or losses. For example, a company may set aside a provision for bad debts to cover potential losses from customers who are unlikely to pay. In conclusion, adjustments in the profit and loss account are necessary to provide an accurate representation of the company's financial performance during the period. These adjustments reflect the actual expenses incurred and income earned during the year, as well as any provisions made for potential future expenses or losses.
Question 4 Report
| N | |
| Creditors | 7,940 |
| Prepaid expenses | 290 |
| Accrual expenses | 323 |
| Stock | 4,500 |
| Cash balances | 4,956 |
| Debtors | 905 |
Use the information in the above table to answer the question.
Determine the current liabilities.
Question 5 Report
In departmental accounting, which is not a transfer pricing_________
Answer Details
Peak pricing is not a transfer pricing method in departmental accounting. Transfer pricing is the process of determining the price at which goods or services are exchanged between different departments or divisions within a company. Cost based transfer price is a method where the transfer price is set based on the cost of producing the goods or services being transferred. Market based transfer pricing is a method where the transfer price is set based on the market price for the goods or services being transferred. Dual pricing system is a method where two different transfer prices are set for the same goods or services, depending on the context in which they are being transferred. Peak pricing is a pricing strategy where prices are increased during periods of high demand, such as holidays or special events. It is not a transfer pricing method.
Question 6 Report
A provision for bad debt account had N33,800 at the beginning of the year and N4,220 at the close of the year. If bad debts are calculated at the rate of 1/20% of annual credit sales, what was the credit sales for the period?
Answer Details
Question 7 Report
When goods are sent to branch at cost plus mark up, it means that the branch should sell at_____________
Answer Details
Question 8 Report
Sule and Ahmed are in partnership sharing profit and losses equally. If Khadija is admitted as a new partner to take 1/5 th as her share. What is the new profit or loss sharing?
Answer Details
Sule and Ahmed have been sharing profits and losses equally, which means they divide the profits and losses 50-50. Now, Khadija is admitted as a new partner, and she takes 1/5 of the share. The new profit and loss sharing ratio will be 3 parts because there are now three partners. To calculate the new profit and loss sharing ratio, we need to divide 3 parts equally among the three partners. So, each part will be 1/3. Therefore, the new profit and loss sharing ratio will be: Sule 1/3, Ahmed 1/3, and Khadija 1/3. Hence, the correct answer is: Sule 1/3, Ahmed 1/3, and Khadija 1/3.
Question 9 Report
In the absence of a partnership deed, the act stipulates that____________
Answer Details
Question 10 Report
Use the information below to answer the question.
| Total | P | Q | Total | P | Q | ||
| ₦ | ₦ | ₦ | ₦ | ₦ | ₦ | ||
| Stock | 3,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | Sales | 10,000 | 6,000 | 4,000 |
| Purchase | 4,000 | 2,500 | 1,500 | Closing Stock | 2,000 | 1,500 | 500 |
Goods worth ₦300 was transferred from department Q to P. Similarly, P’s total expenses for the period was ₦200.
Department P’s net profit was
Answer Details
Question 11 Report
Use the information below to answer the question:
| Liabilities ₦ | Assets ₦ |
| Capital 40,000 | Furnishing 10,000 |
| Ceiling Fan 1,500 | |
| Cash in Hand 28,500 | |
| 40,000 | 40,000 |
If at 31/1/95 the following information was ascertained
(i) rent for shop ₦12,000 paid for the year
(ii) Total purchases ₦15,000
(iii) Total sales ₦8,200
(iv) Stock of goods left ₦10,000
(v) paid sales boy ₦500
Answer Details
To determine the total value of the assets after the transactions, we need to add up all the values of the assets and also add the values of the transactions that increased the value of the assets, then we will subtract the values of the transactions that reduced the value of the assets. From the information given in the question, the total value of the assets before the transactions is ₦40,000. Now let's calculate the effect of each transaction: (i) Rent for shop ₦12,000 paid for the year: This is a prepaid expense, so we need to deduct ₦12,000 from the cash in hand and add it to the value of furnishing. Therefore, the value of the assets after this transaction is: Cash in hand = ₦28,500 - ₦12,000 = ₦16,500 Furnishing = ₦10,000 + ₦12,000 = ₦22,000 (ii) Total purchases ₦15,000: This is an increase in the value of the stock of goods left. Therefore, the value of the assets after this transaction is: Stock of goods left = ₦10,000 + ₦15,000 = ₦25,000 (iii) Total sales ₦8,200: This is a decrease in the value of the stock of goods left and an increase in the cash in hand. Therefore, the value of the assets after this transaction is: Stock of goods left = ₦25,000 - ₦8,200 = ₦16,800 Cash in hand = ₦16,500 + ₦8,200 = ₦24,700 (iv) Stock of goods left ₦10,000: This is the value of the stock of goods left after the purchases and sales. Therefore, the value of the assets after this transaction is: Stock of goods left = ₦16,800 - ₦10,000 = ₦6,800 (v) Paid sales boy ₦500: This is a decrease in the cash in hand. Therefore, the value of the assets after this transaction is: Cash in hand = ₦24,700 - ₦500 = ₦24,200 Finally, we add up all the values of the assets to get the total value of the assets after the transactions: Total value of assets = ₦22,000 + ₦1,500 + ₦6,800 + ₦24,200 Total value of assets = ₦54,500 Therefore, the option that represents the total value of the assets after the transactions is ₦41,700.
Question 12 Report
The excess of sales over cost of goods sold is?
Answer Details
The excess of sales over cost of goods sold is called "gross profit". Gross profit represents the amount of money that a company earns from selling its products or services, minus the direct costs associated with producing those products or services. For example, if a company sells a product for $100 and it costs $60 to produce that product, the company's gross profit would be $40. This means that for every product sold, the company earns $40 that can be used to cover other expenses like salaries, rent, and marketing. It's important to note that gross profit is different from net profit. Net profit is the total amount of money a company earns after all of its expenses, including indirect costs like overhead and taxes, have been subtracted from its revenue. Gross profit, on the other hand, only takes into account the direct costs associated with producing and selling products or services.
Question 13 Report
Which of the following is a conversion cost?
Answer Details
A conversion cost is a manufacturing cost that is incurred in the process of converting raw materials into finished goods. It includes the expenses related to the direct labor and factory overhead used in the production process. Out of the options given, wages would be considered a conversion cost. Wages refer to the payment made to workers who are directly involved in the manufacturing process. These workers are typically responsible for transforming the raw materials into finished goods, which makes their wages a necessary part of the conversion process. Factory overhead, which refers to the indirect costs associated with manufacturing, would also be considered a conversion cost. This includes expenses such as rent, utilities, and equipment maintenance, which are necessary to keep the production process running smoothly. On the other hand, purchases and material costs are not considered conversion costs. Purchases refer to the amount paid for raw materials and other items that are used in the production process, while material costs are the costs associated with the raw materials themselves. While both of these costs are necessary for production to occur, they are not directly related to the conversion process itself.
Question 14 Report
To account for expenses paid by head office on behalf of the branch, the branch should___________
Answer Details
Question 15 Report
Use the information below to answer the question.
Calculate the balance in the bank statement.
| ? | |
Balance as per cashbook |
13560 |
Unpresented cheques |
5120 |
Dividend received |
2000 |
Uncredited cheque |
2300 |
Bank charges |
280 |
Standing order |
600 |
Balance as per bank statement |
? |
Answer Details
Question 16 Report
| N | |
| Purchase ledger opening balance | 4,000 |
| sales ledger opening balance | 6,000 |
| credit purchase | 25,000 |
| Discounts allowed | 1,000 |
| Returns inwards | 2,000 |
| Credit sales during the year | 10,000 |
| Return outwards | 6,000 |
Use the information above to answer the following question;
What is the purchase ledger balance?
Answer Details
Question 17 Report
Which of the following is not a type of branch?
Answer Details
"Single branch" is not a type of branch. A branch refers to an additional location of a business, separate from its main or headquarters location. A dependent branch is a location that relies on the head office for support and decision making. An independent branch operates separately from the head office, making its own decisions and managing its own resources. A foreign branch is a location established in a foreign country. However, "single branch" is not a type of branch. It simply refers to a situation where a business has only one location or branch.
Question 18 Report
Which of the following should not be adjusted for in the profit and loss account?
Answer Details
Question 19 Report
Which of the following is not an inventory costing method?
Answer Details
The inventory costing method that is not a recognized method is "LILA." This is because "LILA" is not a common inventory costing method used in accounting practices, and it is not a recognized acronym or abbreviation for any known costing method. In contrast, FIFO, LIFO, and the average cost method are all well-known and widely used inventory costing methods in accounting. FIFO stands for "First-In, First-Out," and it means that the first items added to inventory are the first ones sold, while the newer items are sold later. LIFO stands for "Last-In, First-Out," and it means that the most recent items added to inventory are the first ones sold, while older items are sold later. The average cost method takes the average cost of all items in inventory and uses that cost to calculate the value of goods sold and the value of ending inventory. In summary, while FIFO, LIFO, and the average cost method are all recognized inventory costing methods, "LILA" is not a commonly used or recognized inventory costing method.
Question 20 Report
| N | |
| sales | 20,000 |
| cost of sales | 10,000 |
| operating expenses | 2,500 |
| expenses prepaid included in operating expenses | 500 |
Use the information above to answer the following question.
Calculate the net profit.
Answer Details
Question 22 Report
Transfers from the head office to branches are best carried out at__________
Answer Details
Transfers from the head office to branches are best carried out at cost plus mark-up. This is because cost plus mark-up allows the head office to recover the cost of producing the goods, and also make a profit to cover its own overheads and expenses. Selling price and market price may not be the best options because they do not take into account the actual cost of producing the goods, which could lead to overcharging or undercharging the branches. In contrast, cost plus mark-up ensures that the branches receive the goods at a fair price, while also allowing the head office to cover its own costs and make a profit. Overall, this method promotes transparency and fairness in the transfer process.
Question 23 Report
The basic role of accounting is to?
Question 24 Report
The amount called in respect of a share but not paid before or on the date fixed for payment is referred to as:
Answer Details
The amount called in respect of a share but not paid before or on the date fixed for payment is referred to as a "call in arrears". When a company issues shares, it may require shareholders to pay for them in installments. These installments are known as "calls" and the amount that is due but not paid on the due date is called a "call in arrears". For example, let's say a company issues 100 shares with a nominal value of $10 per share. The company may require shareholders to pay for the shares in two installments, with $5 due on the issue of the share and $5 due in six months' time. If a shareholder pays only $4 on the due date of the second installment, they would have a call in arrears of $1. It is important for companies to keep track of calls in arrears because they represent unpaid capital that the company is entitled to collect. The company can take legal action to recover the amount owed, or it may declare the shares forfeited if the shareholder fails to pay the amount due within a specified period of time. In summary, a call in arrears is the amount that a shareholder owes to a company for a share that has been issued but not fully paid for on the due date. It represents unpaid capital that the company is entitled to collect, and the company may take legal action or declare the shares forfeited if the shareholder fails to pay the amount due.
Question 25 Report
Subscription received during the year N30,000. Subscription owed last year N4,000. subscription received for next year N6,000.
Use the details above to answer the following question.
The N6,000 subscription received is?
Answer Details
The N6,000 subscription received is a current liability. A liability is a debt or obligation that a company owes to another party, which must be settled in the future. In this case, the N6,000 subscription received is for next year, which means that the company has not yet provided the goods or services for which the customer has paid. Therefore, the N6,000 subscription is an obligation that the company must fulfill in the future, making it a current liability. The N30,000 subscription received during the year is a revenue or income for the company, while the N4,000 subscription owed last year is a previous liability that was not settled in the past year. Both of these amounts are not related to the current question.
Question 26 Report
Use the information below to answer question
Trading account for the year ended 31st December 2009
| ₦ | ₦ | |||
| Opening Stock | 32,000 | Sales | 48,000 | |
| Purchases | 40,000 | Less Return | 2,000 | |
| Carriage inwards | 1,000 | |||
| 41,000 | ||||
| Less Return | 2,000 | 39,000 | ||
| Cost of goods available | ?? | |||
| Less closing stock | 9,000 | |||
| Cost of goods sold | ?? |
Answer Details
Question 27 Report
The accounting entries used to record a cheque issued by a business is to?
Answer Details
The accounting entries used to record a cheque issued by a business are to credit the Cash Book and debit the Drawer's account. When a business issues a cheque, it reduces the balance of cash held by the business, and this reduction in cash is recorded by debiting the Drawer's account. At the same time, the cheque creates a liability for the business, which is recorded by crediting the Cash Book. In other words, when the cheque is issued, the business is reducing its own cash balance and creating a debt or liability that will be paid in the future. Therefore, the Cash Book is credited to reflect the creation of the liability, while the Drawer's account is debited to show the reduction in the business's cash balance.
Question 28 Report
Mrs. Okoro who lives in the riverine community of Rivers State makes her living through crabbing and fishing. This type of occupation is?
Question 29 Report
If the purchase price exceeds the net assets of a company, the excess amount is debited to________________
Answer Details
If the purchase price of a company exceeds the net assets, the excess amount is debited to the "goodwill account." Goodwill represents the value of a company's reputation, brand, customer relationships, and other intangible assets that are not included in the net assets of a company. When one company acquires another company for a price that exceeds the net assets of the acquired company, the difference between the purchase price and the net assets is attributed to the value of goodwill. Therefore, the excess amount is debited to the goodwill account to record the value of the intangible assets acquired in the transaction. This helps the acquiring company to reflect the true value of the acquired company's intangible assets on their balance sheet.
Question 30 Report
Departmentalization of accounts is useful because it shows the____________
Answer Details
Departmentalization of accounts is useful because it shows the overall performance of a division. It allows a company to track the financial performance of individual departments or divisions within the company, providing insight into which areas of the business are performing well and which ones need improvement. By analyzing financial data for each department, managers can make informed decisions about allocating resources and making changes to improve overall company performance. This approach helps to ensure that each department is held accountable for its performance, and that managers have the information they need to make effective decisions about the allocation of resources. Ultimately, this can lead to improved financial performance for the entire company.
Question 31 Report
The current growth in the volume of trading and financial dealings in nigerian is helped by?
Answer Details
The current growth in the volume of trading and financial dealings in Nigeria is mainly helped by increased financial activities. Over the past few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of financial institutions, such as banks and mobile money operators, offering various financial products and services. This has made it easier for businesses and individuals to access credit, make payments, and conduct other financial transactions. Moreover, the rise of digital technologies has further facilitated financial activities, allowing people to conduct transactions online and in real-time. This has also helped to reduce the cost and time required to conduct financial transactions, making it more convenient for businesses and individuals to engage in trade. While government intervention may have played a role in creating an enabling environment for financial activities, such as through the introduction of policies and regulations, it is ultimately the increased availability and accessibility of financial services that have driven the growth of trading and financial dealings in Nigeria.
Question 32 Report
which of the following affects the accuracy and authenticity of trial balance?
Answer Details
Question 33 Report
| N | |
| sales | 20,000 |
| cost of sales | 10,000 |
| operating expenses | 2,500 |
| expenses prepaid included in operating expenses | 500 |
Use the information above to answer the following question.
What is the gross profit margin?
Answer Details
The gross profit margin is a measure of the profitability of a business, and it is calculated by dividing the gross profit by the revenue and expressing the result as a percentage. The gross profit is the difference between the revenue and the cost of goods sold, which is the direct cost of producing the goods or services that the business sells. In the information provided, the revenue or sales is N20,000, and the cost of sales is N10,000. Therefore, the gross profit can be calculated as follows: Gross profit = Revenue - Cost of sales = N20,000 - N10,000 = N10,000 The gross profit margin can be calculated by dividing the gross profit by the revenue and expressing the result as a percentage: Gross profit margin = (Gross profit / Revenue) x 100% = (N10,000 / N20,000) x 100% = 50% Therefore, the gross profit margin is 50%, which means that for every Naira of revenue generated, the business earns 50 kobo in gross profit. This indicates that the business has a healthy gross profit margin and is able to cover its direct costs of production while making a reasonable profit.
Question 34 Report
In reconciling the branch and head office accounts, remittance in transit in the branch books is treated as a_____________
Answer Details
In reconciling the branch and head office accounts, remittance in transit in the branch books is treated as a debit entry. Remittance in transit refers to funds that have been sent from the branch to the head office, but have not yet been recorded in the head office's books. When reconciling the accounts, this amount is recorded as a debit in the branch's books because the branch has already sent the funds, but they have not yet been received and recorded by the head office. The debit entry in the branch's books serves to reduce the branch's cash balance, while the corresponding credit entry in the head office's books, when it is eventually recorded, will increase the head office's cash balance. This treatment of remittance in transit as a debit entry is a common practice in accounting and helps to ensure that the accounts are reconciled accurately and that the cash balances in both the branch and head office are correctly reflected.
Question 36 Report
Subscription received during the year N30,000. Subscription owed last year N4,000. subscription received for next year N6,000.
Use the details above to answer the following question.
What is the subscription to be charged to income and expenditure account?
Answer Details
The subscription to be charged to the income and expenditure account is N36,000. This is because the subscription received during the year is N30,000, the subscription owed from the previous year is N4,000 and the subscription received for the next year is N6,000. Adding up these three amounts gives us N30,000 + N4,000 + N6,000 = N36,000. So, the total subscription to be charged to the income and expenditure account is N36,000.
Question 37 Report
The total credit sales for a period can be extracted from the?
Answer Details
The total credit sales for a period can be extracted from the Sales Day Book. The Sales Day Book is a book of prime entry used to record all credit sales made by a business during a particular period. It typically contains information such as the date of the sale, the name of the customer, the amount of the sale, and any relevant invoice or reference numbers. Since credit sales involve selling goods or services on credit, they are not immediately paid for at the time of sale. Instead, the customer is given a certain amount of time, usually 30 to 90 days, to pay for the goods or services. As a result, credit sales do not result in an immediate inflow of cash, but they do represent revenue earned by the business. Therefore, to determine the total credit sales for a given period, we can simply add up all the credit sales recorded in the Sales Day Book for that period. This figure represents the total amount of revenue earned by the business from credit sales during that period, and is an important indicator of the business's financial performance. In summary, the Sales Day Book is used to record all credit sales made by a business, and the total credit sales for a period can be extracted from this book by adding up all the credit sales recorded during that period.
Question 38 Report
In order to make the cash book balance equal to the bank statement, it is usually to add?
Answer Details
In order to make the cash book balance equal to the bank statement, it is usually necessary to add the amount of "unpresented cheques". This is because unpresented cheques represent the cheques that have been issued by the organization, but have not yet been presented to the bank for payment. As a result, these cheques are not reflected in the bank statement, but are recorded in the organization's cash book as a deduction from its cash balance. To reconcile the cash book balance with the bank statement, the organization needs to identify the unpresented cheques and add them to the cash book balance. This adjustment will increase the cash book balance to reflect the total amount of funds the organization actually has, even if they haven't yet been withdrawn from the bank. The other answer options, such as uncredited cheques, direct payments by bank, and bank charges, would typically require adjustments to be made to the cash book balance, but these adjustments would not necessarily involve adding amounts to the balance. For example, uncredited cheques may need to be deducted from the cash book balance, while bank charges may need to be added as a deduction. Direct payments by bank may also require adjustments to both the cash book and bank statement balances.
Question 39 Report
Advertising expenses incurred on a product in a business organization should be charged to
Answer Details
Advertising expenses incurred on a product in a business organization should be charged to the Sales department. The purpose of advertising is to promote a product or service to potential customers, which makes it an important part of the sales process. By generating interest in the product, advertising can help to increase sales and revenue. Therefore, advertising expenses are considered a selling expense and should be charged to the Sales department. This department is responsible for the promotion and sale of the product, and as such, it is appropriate to allocate the cost of advertising to this department. The Production department is responsible for manufacturing the product, while the Purchase department is responsible for acquiring the materials and supplies needed for production. Neither of these departments is directly involved in the sales process, which means that it would not be appropriate to charge advertising expenses to them. Finally, the Administration department is responsible for managing the overall operations of the business, including finance, human resources, and legal affairs. While advertising is an important part of running a successful business, it is not typically considered to be an administrative expense.
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