JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2022

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"Maliki yawmid-Din" is translated as "the King of the Day of Judgement" in English. This phrase is part of the opening chapter of the Islamic holy book, the Quran, and is recited during daily prayers by Muslims all over the world. It is a declaration of faith in Allah as the King and ultimate Judge on the Day of Judgement, when all humans will be held accountable for their deeds in this life. The phrase acknowledges that Allah is the ultimate authority and ruler over all things, and that on the Day of Judgement, only He can grant forgiveness and mercy to those who have faith and have done good deeds.

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The principle of Ijbar refers to the right of a father or guardian to give out his daughter or ward in marriage without her consent. This principle is recognized in Islamic law but is subject to certain conditions.

One of the key conditions for the principle of Ijbar to be applicable is that the girl must have attained the age of maturity, which is generally considered to be around 9-10 years old. This means that the girl must be capable of understanding the implications of the marriage contract and the duties and responsibilities that come with it.

In addition, the father or guardian must ensure that the marriage is in the best interests of the girl and that the groom is a suitable match for her.

This includes considerations such as the groom's character, financial situation, and physical and mental health.

The consent of the mother is not a requirement for the principle of Ijbar, although it is generally recommended that the mother be consulted and informed about the marriage.

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This is followed by iqra warabbukal Akram.

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The concept of accountability is specifically mentioned in the Quran and hence, an act of worship.

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The verse that describes the essence of Allah is Ayatul Kursiyy. Ayatul Kursiyy is a verse from the Quran, which is located in Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 255. It is a powerful and profound verse that describes the greatness and majesty of Allah, the Creator and Sustainer of the universe. The verse starts with "Allahu la ilaha illa huwa," which means "Allah, there is no god but He." This statement emphasizes the oneness of Allah and affirms His existence as the only deity worthy of worship. The verse goes on to describe the attributes of Allah, including His sovereignty, knowledge, power, and mercy. It also highlights His role as the Protector of the believers and His ability to encompass and sustain all of creation. Overall, Ayatul Kursiyy is a beautiful and powerful verse that serves as a reminder of Allah's greatness and our dependence on Him. It is often recited as a means of seeking protection and guidance from Allah and is considered one of the most important verses in the Quran.

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Associating partners with Allah is unpardonable.

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One of the contributions of Islam to women's welfare is the introduction of inheritance. In Islam, women have the right to inherit property and assets from their families, which was a significant advancement in women's rights at the time. This means that women could own and control property, which gave them financial independence and security. The Qur'an specifies the portions of an estate that each heir is entitled to receive, including the wife, daughter, and mother. This contribution of Islam to women's welfare helped to empower women and improve their status in society.

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The correct meaning of Tafsir is a detailed explanation and commentary of the Glorious Qur'an. Tafsir involves the interpretation and explanation of the meanings of the verses of the Qur'an, including their linguistic, historical, and cultural contexts. Tafsir is an important field of Islamic scholarship, as it helps readers to understand the deeper meanings of the Qur'an and to apply its teachings to their daily lives. Tafsir can also shed light on the historical and cultural context in which the Qur'an was revealed, and can help to clarify any confusing or ambiguous passages. The process of Tafsir involves the use of a wide range of tools and techniques, including the study of Arabic grammar and syntax, the examination of historical and cultural contexts, and the comparison of different translations and interpretations of the Qur'an. Tafsir is typically carried out by Islamic scholars who have undergone extensive training in Islamic theology and law. Overall, Tafsir is an important discipline within the Islamic tradition, as it helps to deepen our understanding of the Qur'an and its teachings, and allows us to apply its timeless wisdom to our lives.

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The statement above was made by Waraqah b. Nawfal. Waraqah b. Nawfal was a cousin of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and a scholar of the Christian scriptures. According to Islamic tradition, when Prophet Muhammad first received the revelation, he was deeply distressed and went to his wife, Khadija. She then took him to Waraqah, who recognized the signs of prophethood and confirmed to Muhammad that he was indeed a Prophet of Allah. The statement is Waraqah's response to Prophet Muhammad's description of the events that took place during his first revelation. Waraqah acknowledges the truth of Muhammad's prophethood and swears to support him in the face of the persecution that he knows is sure to come. Waraqah's words demonstrate his faith and dedication to the cause of Allah and his support for Prophet Muhammad in spreading the message of Islam.

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Belief in the Prophets of Allah (God) implies that one should emulate their examples in serving humanity. Prophets are considered to be role models for believers and are revered for their moral and spiritual qualities. Muslims believe that the Prophets were chosen by Allah to guide humanity and convey His message to them. By believing in the Prophets, one acknowledges the importance of their teachings and the wisdom they imparted. Muslims are encouraged to learn from the examples set by the Prophets and to apply their teachings in their own lives. This includes serving humanity, promoting justice and compassion, and striving to make the world a better place. Muslims believe that emulating the Prophets in these ways is a way of pleasing Allah and fulfilling one's purpose in life. Visiting the tombs of the Prophets is not a requirement of belief in Islam, although some Muslims may choose to do so out of reverence for the Prophets. Similarly, withdrawing from society and living a solitary life is not a requirement of belief in Islam. Instead, Muslims are encouraged to engage with the world and contribute positively to society, following the example of the Prophets.

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Abu Bakr, who was a close companion of the Prophet Muhammad and the first caliph of Islam, was nicknamed "as-Sadiq" due to his truthfulness. This nickname, which means "the truthful" in Arabic, was a testament to his reputation for being honest, sincere, and trustworthy in both his words and actions. Throughout his life, Abu Bakr was known for his unwavering commitment to speaking the truth, regardless of the circumstances or consequences. This quality was highly valued in Arabian culture and earned him widespread respect and admiration among the early Muslim community.

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The Dower (Sadaq) is a sum of money or other property which becomes. payable by the husband to the wife as an effect of marriage. The Quran ordains: "And give the women ( on marriage) their dower as a free gift." ( 4:4) In another. Hence it is the property of the wife.

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According to Hadith 34 of an-Nawawi, the weakest of faith is changing an evil with the heart. This hadith teaches that faith is not merely a matter of ritual observance, but also involves moral responsibility. It highlights the importance of actively resisting evil and promoting good in both our actions and our thoughts. The hadith states that the strongest level of faith is to change an evil with our hands, meaning to physically intervene and stop the wrongdoing. The next level of faith is to change an evil with our tongue, which involves speaking out against the wrongdoing. The weakest level of faith is to change an evil with our heart, which means recognizing the evil as wrong but not taking any action to stop it. Therefore, the weakest level of faith according to this hadith is changing an evil with the heart, where a person acknowledges that something is wrong but does not take any action to stop it. This highlights the importance of taking proactive steps to promote good and prevent evil, both in our actions and in our thoughts.

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Uthman b. Affan was a prominent companion of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and the third caliph of the Islamic Ummah. He was born into the Banu Umayyah clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, which was a powerful and influential family in pre-Islamic Arabia. The Banu Umayyah were known for their wealth and status, and they held a prominent position in the affairs of Mecca. Uthman himself was known for his wealth and generosity, and he played a significant role in the early development of Islam. He was one of the first Muslims to migrate to Medina, and he was known for his close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that Uthman b. Affan was born into the family of Banu Umayyah, and not Banu Quraysh, Banu Sa'd, or Banu Qaynuqah.

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Khadijah bint Khuwaylid is not a narrator of Hadith. Abu Hurayrah, Aisha bint Abi-Bakr, and Abu Sa'ad b. Malik are all famous companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and are known to have narrated many Hadiths. They were close companions of the Prophet and learned directly from him, and later transmitted his sayings and actions to others. However, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, the first wife of the Prophet, did not narrate any Hadiths. This is not surprising, as she passed away before the Prophet started receiving revelations, and therefore did not have the opportunity to learn directly from him. While Khadijah is revered in Islamic tradition for her steadfast support of the Prophet, her role in Islamic scholarship is not as prominent as that of other companions who had the opportunity to learn directly from him. Therefore, among the given options, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid is the one who is not a narrator of Hadith.

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Seeking assistance from fortune tellers or any other forms of divination is forbidden in Islam because it goes against the fundamental belief in the absolute power and knowledge of Allah. By seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers, one is ascribing power to someone other than Allah, and this is considered a form of shirk, or polytheism, in Islam. Islam teaches that only Allah has absolute knowledge of the unseen, including knowledge of the future, and seeking such knowledge from any other source is considered an act of disobedience and disbelief. Furthermore, seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers can create false hopes and expectations, which may lead to disappointment, confusion, and even despair. In addition to being forbidden, seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers or any other forms of divination is considered a major sin in Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever goes to a fortune-teller and asks him about anything, his prayer will not be accepted for forty days" (Muslim). This indicates that seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers can also have negative spiritual consequences. Overall, seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers is forbidden in Islam because it goes against the fundamental belief in the absolute power and knowledge of Allah, and it can lead to spiritual and emotional harm.

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Malik b. Anas is not an author of Sihahus-Sitta. The term "Sihahus-Sitta" refers to the six most authentic collections of Hadith in Sunni Islam, and the authors are commonly known as the "Kutub al-Sittah" or the "Six Books". These six books are: 1. Sahih al-Bukhari, compiled by Imam Bukhari 2. Sahih Muslim, compiled by Muslim b. al-Hajjaj 3. Sunan Abu Dawud, compiled by Abu Dawud 4. Jami at-Tirmidhi, compiled by at-Tirmidhi 5. Sunan an-Nasa'i, compiled by an-Nasa'i 6. Sunan Ibn Majah, compiled by Ibn Majah Malik b. Anas is the author of the Muwatta, which is also a collection of Hadith but is not considered one of the Sihahus-Sitta.

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Upon washing hands and elbow, the next is to wash the feet.

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The Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress is Surah ad-Duha. Surah ad-Duha is the 93rd chapter of the Qur'an and was revealed in the early days of the Prophet's mission in Makkah when he was feeling distressed and anxious. The Prophet had not received any revelations from Allah for a long time, and the disbelievers were mocking him and calling him a liar. In this Surah, Allah reassures the Prophet (SAW) that He has not forgotten him and that his efforts will not go to waste. Allah tells the Prophet that He has blessed him with many favors and will continue to do so. The Surah is a beautiful reminder to the Prophet that he is not alone and that Allah is always with him. Therefore, among the given options, Surah ad-Duha is the Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress.

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Umar is credited with having ordered the first collection of Hadith, in an official manner, fearing that some of it might be lost. Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm and Ibn Shihab Al-Zuhri, were among those who compiled Hadith at Umar's behest.

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The phrase "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished" was uttered by the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) when he entered the sacred Ka'bah after the conquest of Mecca. This event took place in the eighth year of Hijra (630 CE), when the Prophet and his followers conquered Mecca without any bloodshed, after years of persecution and exile. As the Prophet (SAW) entered the Ka'bah, which had previously been a site of pagan worship, he recited the verse from the Quran (Surah Al-Isra, 17:81) that says, "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished; indeed falsehood is bound to vanish." This verse is a powerful declaration of the triumph of truth over falsehood, and it was a fitting statement for the occasion of the conquest of Mecca, which marked the victory of Islam over the forces of disbelief and idolatry. The utterance of this phrase by the Prophet (SAW) at the time of the conquest of Mecca was a significant moment in the history of Islam. It symbolized the triumph of the message of Islam, and the victory of justice and truth over tyranny and falsehood. It also marked a turning point in the history of the Arabian Peninsula, as Islam began to spread rapidly throughout the region and beyond.

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By the year 1110 C.E., Andalusia had fallen under the control of Al Murabitun. Al Murabitun were a Berber Muslim dynasty that originated from present-day Morocco. They were known for their military strength and were able to conquer Andalusia, which was previously ruled by the Taifa kingdoms. The Al Murabitun dynasty was founded by Yusuf ibn Tashfin, who ruled from 1061 to 1106 C.E. and expanded their territory to include Andalusia. They ruled Andalusia until the Almohad dynasty overthrew them in 1147 C.E.

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Khadijah married Muhammad (peace be upon him) at the age of 40. Khadijah was a wealthy businesswoman who was impressed by Muhammad's honesty and integrity, and she proposed marriage to him. At the time of their marriage, Muhammad was 25 years old and working as a trader in Khadijah's business. They were married for 25 years until Khadijah's death, and she was the first person to accept Islam and support the Prophet Muhammad in his mission. Their marriage was a strong and loving partnership that set a positive example for all future Muslim marriages.

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In 628 CE, 1,394 years ago, the treaty of Hudaybiyyah was signed; it is considered a landmark in Islam's history. What happened in Hudaybiyyah was a kind of peace treaty signed by the idolaters of Mecca and the Muslims. It was signed in the village of Hudaybiyyah, located about nine miles (14.5 km) outside Mecca, thereby acknowledging the equality of Muslims as bargaining partners.

It included terms such as the observance by both parties of a ten year period of peace.

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Mubah is an Arabic word that refers to actions that are considered to be permissible or allowed in Islam. These are actions that are not explicitly forbidden in the Qur'an or Hadith, and as such, they are not considered to be sinful or wrong. The acquisition of knowledge is considered to be a mubah action because it is encouraged and highly valued in Islam. By gaining knowledge, a person can improve their understanding of their faith and become a better person. On the other hand, actions such as smoking and shaking hands while greeting are not specifically defined as mubah or haram (forbidden) in Islamic teachings, but they may be discouraged or restricted based on the interpretation of different scholars.

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The minimum amount that may be stolen to warrant cutting of the hand is 1/4 Dinar.

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The prayer that is not observed between Isha and Fajr is istisqa. Istisqa is a special type of prayer for seeking rain from Allah. It is not a regular, daily prayer like the other options. Tahajjud, Shaf'i and witr are all regular prayers that are performed at night after Isha and before Fajr.

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The divine attribute of omnipotence is implied in the attribute of "al-Qadir" (the All-Powerful). This means that Allah has the power and ability to do anything that is logically possible, including creating the universe, sustaining it, and controlling everything within it. Allah's power is limitless and absolute, and He can do anything without any constraints or limitations. This attribute is a fundamental belief in Islam and is emphasized throughout the Quran. It is important to note, however, that Allah's power is always exercised in accordance with His wisdom and justice, and is not arbitrary or capricious.

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Out of 300,000 traditions collected by Imam Muslim, he selected 9,200.

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"Miracles" is not among the articles of faith in most major religions. An article of faith refers to a fundamental belief or doctrine that is considered essential to a religion. In Islam, for example, the six articles of faith are belief in one God, belief in angels, belief in the prophets, belief in the holy books, belief in the day of judgment, and belief in predestination.

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The waiting period of a divorced woman in Islam is called "iddah". It is a specific period of time during which a woman who has been divorced must wait before she can remarry or engage in any other sexual activity. The length of the iddah period varies depending on the circumstances of the divorce. If the divorce was initiated by the husband and he has not yet had sexual intercourse with his wife, the iddah period is three menstrual cycles. If the husband has had sexual intercourse with his wife, the iddah period is three menstrual cycles, or three lunar months (approximately 90 days). During the iddah period, the divorced woman is considered to be in a state of mourning and is not allowed to leave her home except for necessary reasons. The purpose of the iddah period is to ensure that the woman is not pregnant and to allow time for any potential reconciliation between the couple. In summary, iddah is the waiting period that a divorced woman must observe before she can remarry or engage in any other sexual activity. Its length depends on the circumstances of the divorce, and during this period, the woman is considered to be in a state of mourning and must remain in her home except for necessary reasons.

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An Hadith is referred to as "da'if" because it has defects in its chain of transmission (isnad) and/or the text of the tradition (matn). This means that one or more of the transmitters in the chain of transmission may not be reliable or the text of the tradition may contain inconsistencies or contradictions. A hadith is considered da'if or weak because its authenticity is not guaranteed, and it may not be used as evidence in Islamic legal or theological discussions.

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A Hadith whose message is directly from Allah is called Qudsi Hadith. Qudsi Hadiths are considered a category of Hadith in which the message is attributed to Allah, but the wording is conveyed by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Unlike the Prophet's own words, which make up the majority of Hadiths, Qudsi Hadiths are considered to be directly inspired by Allah. In Qudsi Hadiths, the Prophet conveys Allah's message in his own words, but he begins the Hadith with phrases such as "Allah says" or "Allah has said" to indicate that the message is not his own, but rather, a direct revelation from Allah. Qudsi Hadiths are considered to be very important in Islam, as they provide direct insight into the words and message of Allah. However, it is essential to ensure that Qudsi Hadiths are authentic and properly transmitted, just like any other Hadith, to ensure that the message being conveyed is truly from Allah.

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In the early part of Islam in West Africa, the ribat was primarily a center for religious propagation. A ribat was a type of Islamic religious institution that played an important role in the spread and development of Islam in West Africa. It was a place where Islamic scholars and students gathered to study and teach the religion, and where travelers and traders could find food and shelter. The ribat served as a hub for religious activities, including prayer, recitation of the Quran, and religious lectures. It also served as a center for the propagation of Islam to non-Muslims, as scholars and students would go out into the surrounding areas to teach and convert people to Islam. While some ribats may have also been involved in Sufi indoctrination, social reform, or fraternal movements, their primary function was to serve as centers for religious education and propagation.

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The Qur'an is considered to be of divine nature, which means that it is believed to be a direct message from God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel over a period of 23 years. This belief in the divine nature of the Qur'an gives it a special status and authority in the Islamic faith, and it is considered to be the word of God, unchanged and unchanged over time. The Qur'an's divine nature is also one of the reasons why it is considered to be so important and why Muslims hold it in such high regard. The Qur'an is memorized, recorded and protected by Muslims, which ensures its authenticity and ensures that its message remains unchanged over time, making it an eternal source of guidance for Muslims.

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Forbidden Munkar in Islam means discouraging others from abominable acts, meaning actions that are considered morally wrong and sinful according to Islamic teachings. This includes things like lying, cheating, stealing, adultery, drinking alcohol, and other similar behaviors. Islam emphasizes the importance of commanding what is good and forbidding what is evil. This means that Muslims are encouraged to promote good deeds and discourage bad deeds in themselves and others. Forbidden Munkar specifically refers to the duty of Muslims to speak out against and actively discourage sinful behaviors. In summary, Forbidden Munkar in Islam means discouraging others from engaging in actions that are considered morally wrong and sinful according to Islamic teachings.

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The devotee who intends to pray must also ensure the cleanliness of the place where they pray. This means that the area should be free of dirt and clutter and the floor should be clean. This creates a peaceful and respectful environment for prayer, which helps the devotee to focus and connect with their higher power.

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The first revelation to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was Qur'an chapter 96:1-5, which is known as Surah Al-Alaq. According to Islamic tradition, the Angel Gabriel appeared to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) while he was meditating in a cave on Mount Hira. The Angel Gabriel then commanded the Prophet to read, and the first five verses of Surah Al-Alaq were revealed to him. These verses contain the first divine message that was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and they speak about the importance of seeking knowledge and the consequences of rejecting it. The verses read: "Read! In the Name of your Lord, Who has created (all that exists), Has created man from a clot (a piece of thick coagulated blood). Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous, Who has taught (the writing) by the pen [the first person to write was Prophet Idrees (Enoch)]. Has taught man that which he knew not." (Quran 96:1-5) This event is known as the first revelation and marks the beginning of the prophethood of Muhammad (SAW).

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Hudhayfah b. Yamani is associated with the standardization of the Qur'an.