WAEC SSCE - Geography - 1990 (Objective)

Question 1 Report

Which of the following types of sedimentary rocks is paired with the wrong texture?

Clay - very fine particles

Sand-coarse and angular particles

Gravel - rounded larger particles

Breccia - coarse and angular particles

Silt - medium - grained particles

Answer Details

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Question 2 Report

Which if the following crops below requires the following conditions for successful cultivation?
i Heavy rainfall of between 1270mm (50 ins) and 2000mm (80 ins) during the 4 to 6 months growing periods.
ii High mean temperature of 18° to 27°C (65° to 80°F) no cold season.
iii A warm, dry period for harvesting.
iv Loamy or clayey soil and an almost level ground.
V Cheap and abundant labour.

Maize

Cotton

Rice

Cocoa

Millet

Answer Details

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Question 3 Report

Loss of farmland can be contributed to all the following except?

sedimentation

leaching

desertification

sheet erosion

over-grazing

Answer Details

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Question 4 Report

Isothermal maps give information about?

pressure

temperature

wind

rainfall

sunshine

Answer Details

Isothermal maps give information about temperature. Isothermal maps are maps that display areas with the same temperature. They are used to show temperature variations across a particular region. These maps can be used to identify areas that are experiencing hot or cold temperatures, and to observe the movement of these temperature patterns over time. Isothermal maps are commonly used in meteorology and climate science to track the movement of air masses and the formation of weather patterns. Therefore, the correct answer is "temperature".

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Question 5 Report

When the root of a coastal cave collapsed it forms?

a doline

an estuary

a gorge

a lagoon

a geo

Answer Details

When the root of a coastal cave collapses, it forms a geo. A geo is a narrow steep-sided inlet formed in coastal cliffs by the erosion of the sea. It is often created when a section of a sea cave roof collapses, leaving an opening to the sea. Over time, the waves will continue to erode the geo, deepening it and widening it to create a larger inlet. Geos are common features along the coasts of many countries and can be home to a variety of marine life.

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Question 6 Report

Which of the following combinations of processes is associated with the formation of a rift valley?

(i)Tension or compression forces

(ii)Resistance and faulting

(iii)Emergence of the middle crust of rocks

(iv) Submergence of the middle crust of rocks

i, ii and iii only

i, ii and iv only

i, iii and iv only

ii, iii and iv only

i and iii only

Answer Details

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Question 7 Report

All the following are characteristics of a limestone region except?

stony and broken surface

rugged topography

adequate luxuriant vegetation cover

absence of surface drainage

depression of varying sizes an d depths

Answer Details

A limestone region is characterized by the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone by rainwater and the formation of features like caverns, sinkholes, and underground drainage systems. Therefore, the correct answer is (c) adequate luxuriant vegetation cover, as the solubility of limestone tends to inhibit the growth of lush vegetation.

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Question 8 Report

Which of the following combinations can be regarded as sub-systems within the ecosystem?

food chain, hydrological cycle, mineral nutrient cycle

hydrogical cycle, mineral nutrient cycle, evironmental controls

Mineral nutrient cycle, hygrological cycle, ecosystem controls

Ecosystem controls, food chain, hydrological cycle

Food chain, ecosystem controls, environmental controls

Answer Details

The following combination can be regarded as sub-systems within the ecosystem: - Food chain, hydrological cycle, mineral nutrient cycle A food chain is a series of organisms that depend on each other for food in an ecosystem. The hydrological cycle refers to the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. The mineral nutrient cycle is the movement of essential elements from the abiotic environment into living organisms and back again. All these processes are interconnected and interdependent, forming a sub-system within the larger ecosystem.

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Question 9 Report

Rock pedestals are most likely to found in?

regions where river erosion has taken place

arid areas where wind abrasion has modified rocks of reisitance

region where wave hydraulic action has taken ace

arid area where wond deflation has scooped out the suraface

region where a river has disposited a large load of sediments

Answer Details

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Question 10 Report

A rain gauge is kept in an open place in the observatory because?

it is much more easily accessible to the observer

rain drops get into the funnel without any obstruction

rain falls heavily in the open space

rain drops are deflected by the wind in an open place

the funnel is easily filled with rain water

Answer Details

A rain gauge is kept in an open place in the observatory because raindrops get into the funnel without any obstruction. The gauge is used to measure the amount of rainfall in a particular area over a period of time. It works by collecting rainwater through a funnel that directs the water into a container. If the gauge is not kept in an open space, it may not collect all the rain that falls, as raindrops may be deflected by surrounding objects or wind. Therefore, to get an accurate measurement of rainfall, the gauge must be kept in an open place where it can collect all the rain that falls directly into the funnel.

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Question 11 Report

The soil in a typical natural rainforest remains fertile and suitable for arable agriculture because?

the vegetation is luxuriant

there is abundant supply of sunshine and rainfall which leach the soil

the soil nutrient is continously being replenished y the decay of the dense undergrowth and fallen leaves

there is absence of plant cover

the soil is well-drained

Answer Details

The soil in a natural rainforest remains fertile and suitable for agriculture because of the continuous replenishment of nutrients. The dense undergrowth and fallen leaves decay and return nutrients to the soil. Additionally, the abundant supply of sunshine and rainfall contributes to leaching the soil and removing any buildup of harmful substances. The vegetation in the rainforest is also very lush and dense, providing a continuous source of organic matter for the soil. Finally, the soil is well-drained, which prevents water from pooling and causing waterlogging or erosion. All these factors work together to maintain the fertility of the soil in a natural rainforest.

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Question 12 Report

When it is 9:00am in Munich, Germany(longitude 11°E), the time in Calcutta, India (longitude 96°E). is?

2.40a.m

4.20a.m

5.40a.m

2.40p.m

5.40p.m

Answer Details

To find the time in Calcutta, India, we need to calculate the time difference between Munich, Germany, and Calcutta, India, and then adjust the time accordingly. The time difference between Munich and Calcutta is the difference in their longitudes, divided by 15 (since each time zone spans 15 degrees of longitude). So, the time difference is: Time difference = (96°E - 11°E)/15 = 6.33 hours This means that Calcutta is ahead of Munich by 6 hours and 20 minutes (since 0.33 of an hour is 20 minutes). If it is 9:00am in Munich, we need to add 6 hours and 20 minutes to get the time in Calcutta: 9:00am + 6 hours and 20 minutes = 3:20pm Therefore, when it is 9:00am in Munich, the time in Calcutta, India is 3:20pm. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: 2.40p.m.

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Question 13 Report

The presence of gorges in the upper section of rivers is due to the fact that?

the rocks in the upper course are less resistant

the volume of the river is small

hanging valleys join the main valley as waterfalls to cause the gorges

the upper course has has a steep gradient

the water contains chemicals which dissolve the rocks

Answer Details

The correct option is "the upper course has a steep gradient." This is because the upper course of a river is the section closest to its source, and it usually has a steep gradient. The steep gradient causes the water to flow rapidly, eroding the bed and banks of the river channel. As a result, gorges are formed as the river cuts through hard rocks in the upper course, creating narrow and deep channels with steep sides. The other options, such as the volume of the river being small, rocks in the upper course being less resistant, hanging valleys, and chemicals in the water, may also contribute to the formation of gorges, but the steep gradient is the main cause.

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Question 14 Report

The term gauge in railway transport refers to the?

weight of vehicle that rails can bear

measurement of gradient along the side slopes of the rails

length of the rails in a country

distance between rails of a track

amount of rainfall experienced along the rails

Answer Details

In railway transport, the term "gauge" refers to the distance between the two rails of a track. It is the fixed distance between the inside edges of the two rails that allows trains to run smoothly and safely. The gauge of a railway track is usually determined by the design and construction of the rolling stock (i.e., locomotives and railcars) that will be used on it. Different countries or regions may use different gauges depending on factors such as geography, history, and economic considerations.

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Question 15 Report

The angular distance of a point of the earth surface measured in degrees from the centre of the earth is known as?

latitude

orbit

longitude

international date line

axis

Answer Details

The angular distance of a point on the Earth's surface measured in degrees from the center of the Earth is known as latitude. Latitude is the horizontal measurement of a point's position on the Earth's surface, ranging from 0 degrees at the Equator to 90 degrees at the North and South Poles. Latitude is used in navigation, mapping, and other geographic applications to locate a point's position on the Earth's surface relative to other points.

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Question 16 Report

Foliage is ever green with thin undergrowth,the leaves are small, thick, leathery and needle-shaped. This description is that of the?

tropical rainforest

temperate woodland

coniferous forest

temperate grassland

deciduous forest

Answer Details

The description provided in the question is that of a coniferous forest. Coniferous trees, also known as evergreens, retain their needles throughout the year, giving the forest an evergreen appearance. These forests are typically found in regions with cold winters and cool summers, such as the northern hemisphere. The undergrowth in coniferous forests is generally thin because the canopy blocks most of the sunlight from reaching the forest floor. The small, thick, leathery and needle-shaped leaves of conifers reduce water loss due to transpiration, allowing them to survive in dry and cold climates.

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Question 17 Report

The instrument used for recording the direction of the prevailing wind of a place over a period of one month is called?

a wind vane

an anemometer

speedomoter

a wind rose

a hygrometer

Answer Details

The instrument used to record the direction of the prevailing wind of a place over a period of one month is called a wind vane. A wind vane, also known as a weather vane, is a simple device that consists of a flat or curved surface that pivots around a vertical axis. The surface is usually shaped like an arrow or a rooster, with one end larger than the other. The smaller end is pointed into the wind, while the larger end indicates the direction from which the wind is blowing. Wind vanes are commonly used by meteorologists to determine the direction of the wind at a particular location. By recording the direction of the wind over a period of time, meteorologists can create a wind rose, which is a graphical representation of the frequency and direction of the wind at a particular location.

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Question 18 Report

Which of the following is not typical submarine relief feature?

Roche moutonnee

Continental shelf

Deep sea plain

Continental slope

Ocean deep

Answer Details

The relief features of the submarine are the physical characteristics that make up the seafloor. A Roche moutonnee is not a typical submarine relief feature. Roche moutonnee is a type of erosional landform that is found on the surface of glaciers and mountain tops. Typical submarine relief features include the continental shelf, continental slope, and ocean deep. The continental shelf is the shallow submerged edge of the continent, while the continental slope is the steep slope leading to the ocean floor. The ocean deeps are the deepest parts of the ocean floor, which can reach depths of over 11,000 meters. Deep sea plain is also a typical submarine relief feature. It is a flat, featureless area of the seafloor that lies between the continental shelf and the mid-ocean ridges. Therefore, the correct answer is Roche moutonnee, which is not a typical submarine relief feature.

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Question 19 Report

Most warm ocean current?

are found in the atlantic ocean

flow towards the equator

are foind in the pacific ocean

flow on the western the side of the contients

flow towards towards the high latitude

Answer Details

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Question 20 Report

Which of the following best explains why the older fold mountains are much lower and less rugged than the newer ones?

The newer fold mountains are situated in areas of active earth movements

The effects of earth movements resulting in mountain building are much greater nowadays than they were during the period of folding

The newer fold mountains, in contrast to the older ones, are made up of more resistance rocks

the older fold mountains have been subjectd to the forces of denudation for longer, geological periods

Most of the newer fold mountains are situated in the interior parts of continents where they are free from constant sea erosion

Answer Details

The answer is D - The older fold mountains have been subjected to the forces of denudation for longer geological periods. Denudation refers to the wearing away of the Earth's surface by processes such as erosion and weathering. The older fold mountains have existed for much longer periods and have been exposed to these processes for a longer time, which has resulted in them being lower and less rugged than the newer ones. In contrast, the newer fold mountains are still being formed and have not yet had as much time to undergo denudation.

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Question 21 Report

What is the longitude of a place X whose time is noon when Greenwich meantime is 6p.m?

45°W

60°E

60°W

90°E

90°W

Answer Details

The earth rotates 360 degrees in 24 hours, which means that it rotates 15 degrees per hour. The time difference between Greenwich meantime and Place X is 6 hours. Therefore, the difference in longitude between Greenwich and Place X is 6 x 15 = 90 degrees. Since the time at Place X is 12 pm (noon), we know that it is halfway between sunrise and sunset, which means that it is roughly at the meridian line of that location. Therefore, we can calculate the longitude of Place X by adding or subtracting half of the 360-degree circumference of the earth from the longitude of the Greenwich meridian (which is 0 degrees). Since the time difference between Greenwich and Place X is westward (Greenwich time is ahead of Place X time), we need to subtract 90 degrees from the Greenwich meridian to get the longitude of Place X, which is 90 degrees west, or 90°W. Therefore, the correct answer is option (E) 90°W.

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Question 22 Report

Which if the following minerals is most likely to be absent in a region consisting mainly of igneous and metamorphic rocks?

Gold

Coat

Tin

Copper

Diamond

Answer Details

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