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Question 1 Report
Which of the following types of electromagnetic waves is used in night vision goggles?
Answer Details
Night vision goggles use infrared waves to enable the user to see in the dark.
Infrared waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation that have longer wavelengths than visible light. They fall between the visible and microwave regions on the electromagnetic spectrum. Unlike visible light, which is visible to the human eye, infrared waves cannot be seen without the use of specialized devices such as night vision goggles.
When it is dark, objects do not emit visible light that can be detected by the human eye. However, they do emit heat in the form of infrared radiation. Night vision goggles work by detecting and amplifying this infrared radiation, which is then converted into visible light that can be seen by the user.
The goggles contain an image intensifier tube that is sensitive to infrared radiation. This tube amplifies the incoming infrared light and converts it into an image that can be seen through the goggles. The resulting image appears green because the human eye is more sensitive to green light.
Therefore, to see in the dark, night vision goggles use infrared waves to detect and amplify the infrared radiation emitted by objects. This enables the user to have enhanced vision in low-light conditions or complete darkness.
Question 2 Report
How much net work is required to accelerate a 1200 kg car from 10 ms-1 to 15 ms-1
Answer Details
Question 3 Report
Which of the following is/are not true about the heat capacity of a substance?
(i) It is an intensive property
(ii) Its S.I unit is jK−1
(iii) It is an extensive property
(iv) Its S.I unit is jkg−1
Answer Details
The correct answer is (ii) and (iii) only. The heat capacity of a substance is a measure of how much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of the substance by a certain amount. It is an important property in thermodynamics. (i) It is not true that heat capacity is an intensive property. Intensive properties do not depend on the size or amount of the substance. For example, density and temperature are intensive properties. However, heat capacity does depend on the size or amount of the substance. The heat capacity of a substance increases with its mass or amount. Therefore, statement (i) is false. (ii) It is true that the SI unit of heat capacity is joules per kelvin (J/K). Heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat energy (in joules) required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree kelvin. Therefore, statement (ii) is true. (iii) It is not true that heat capacity is an extensive property. Extensive properties depend on the size or amount of the substance. Examples of extensive properties include mass and volume. However, heat capacity is an intensive property as explained earlier. Therefore, statement (iii) is false. (iv) It is true that the SI unit of heat capacity is joules per kilogram per kelvin (J/(kg·K)). This unit is commonly used for specific heat capacity, which is the heat capacity per unit mass. Therefore, statement (iv) is true. In summary, the correct statement is that (ii) and (iii) are not true about the heat capacity of a substance.
Question 4 Report
Which of the following materials is a good insulator?
Answer Details
A good insulator is a material that does not easily allow heat or electricity to pass through it. It acts as a barrier, preventing the flow of heat or electricity. Out of the given options, rubber is a good insulator.
Rubber is made up of long chains of molecules that are closely packed together. These chains do not allow the easy movement of heat or electricity. This means that when heat or electricity tries to pass through rubber, it encounters resistance, making it difficult for it to flow.
In contrast, materials like silver, water, and copper are good conductors rather than insulators.
Silver is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat because its atoms have loosely bound electrons that are free to move. This allows for the easy transfer of heat or electricity throughout the material.
Water is also a good conductor of both heat and electricity. It contains charged particles called ions that can carry electric current. Additionally, water molecules are able to transfer heat through convection.
Copper is widely used in electrical wiring because it is an excellent conductor of electricity. Like silver, its atoms have free electrons that can move easily and transfer electrical energy.
Therefore, rubber is the material that serves as a good insulator, while silver, water, and copper are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Question 5 Report
A 35 kΩ is connected in series with a resistance of 40 kΩ. What resistance R must be connected in parallel with the combination so that the equivalent resistance is equal to 25 kΩ?
Answer Details
For the combination in series;
⇒R1 = 35kΩ + 40kΩ = 75kΩ
R is combined with 75kΩ in parallel to give 25kΩ
= 1Req
= 1R
+ 1R
= 125
= 1R
+ 175
= 125
- 175
+ 1R
= 3−175
= 1R
= 275
= 1R
= 752
= R
; R = 37.5k Ω
Question 6 Report
Which process is responsible for production of energy in stars?
Answer Details
The process responsible for the production of energy in stars is nuclear fusion.
Nuclear fusion is the process where two or more atomic nuclei come together to form a heavier nucleus. In stars, the fusion of hydrogen nuclei (protons) into helium nuclei is the main source of energy.
Here's how it works:
This ongoing fusion process in stars is called stellar nucleosynthesis. It occurs throughout the star's lifetime until the available hydrogen in the core is depleted. At this point, depending on the star's mass, different fusion reactions may take place, leading to the production of heavier elements.
In summary, nuclear fusion, the fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei, is the process responsible for the production of energy in stars.
Question 7 Report
The diagram above illustrates the penetrating power of some types of radiation. X, Y and Z are likely
Answer Details
The penetrating power of alpha rays, beta rays, and gamma rays varies greatly. Alpha particles can be blocked by a few pieces of paper. Beta particles pass through paper but are stopped by aluminum foil. Gamma rays are the most difficult to stop and require concrete, lead, or other heavy shielding to block them.
Therefore, X = γ-ray; Y = α-particle; Z = β-particle
Question 8 Report
A 400 N box is being pushed across a level floor at a constant speed by a force P of 100 N at an angle of 30.0° to the horizontal, as shown in the the diagram below. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the floor?
Answer Details
W = 400 N; P = 100 N; θ = 30o; μ = ?
Frictional force (Fr) = μR (where R is the normal reaction)
The forces acting along the horizontal direction are Fr and Px
∴ Pcos 30° - Fr = ma (Pcos 30° is acting in the +ve x-axis while Fr in the -ve x-axis)
⇒ 100cos 30° - μR = ma
Since the box is moving at constant speed, its acceleration is zero
⇒ 100cos 30° - μR = 0
⇒ 100cos 30o = μR ----- (i)
The forces acting in the vertical direction are W, Py and R
∴ R - Psin 30° - W = 0 (R is acting upward (+ve) while Py and W are acting downward (-ve) and they are at equilibrium)
⇒ R - 100sin 30° - 400 = 0
⇒ R = 100sin 30° + 400
⇒ R = 50 + 400 = 450 N
From equation (i)
⇒ 100cos 30° = 450μ
⇒μ=100cos30°
N = 100cos30°450
= μ = 0.19
Question 9 Report
Which of the following is an example of a couple?
Answer Details
A couple is a pair of forces that are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction, and that are applied to a body at different points. The forces of a couple do not produce any translation, but they do produce a rotation.
Question 10 Report
How much work is done against the gravitational force on a 3.0 kg object when it is carried from the ground floor to the roof of a building, a vertical climb of 240 m?
Answer Details
To calculate the work done against gravitational force, we can use the formula:
Work = Force x Distance
In this case, the force we are working against is the gravitational force. The gravitational force is the force with which the Earth pulls objects towards its center. The formula for gravitational force is:
Force = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity
The mass of the object is given as 3.0 kg. The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s^2.
Now, we need to find the distance the object is being carried, which is 240 m.
Plugging these values into the formulas, we have:
Force = 3.0 kg x 9.8 m/s^2 = 29.4 N
Work = 29.4 N x 240 m
Therefore, the work done against the gravitational force is equal to 29.4 N x 240 m = 7056 J = 7.1 kJ (rounded to one decimal place).
So, the correct answer is 7.2 kJ.
Question 11 Report
In the diagram above, if the south poles of two magnets stroke a steel bar, the polarities at X and Y will respectively be
Answer Details
The polarities at X and Y would be north and north.
Question 12 Report
Find the tension in the two cords shown in the figure above. Neglect the mass of the cords, and assume that the angle is 38° and the mass m is 220 kg
[Take g = 9.8 ms-2]
Answer Details
W = mg = 220 x 9.8 = 2156 N
⇒Sin 38º = 2156T1
⇒ T1 = 2156Sin38
⇒ T1 = 3502 N
Cos 38º = T2T1
⇒ T2 = 3502 x Cos 38º
⇒ T2 = 2760 N
; T1
= 3502 N, T2
= 2760 N.
Question 13 Report
Which of the following thermometers measures temperature from the thermal radiation emitted by objects?
Answer Details
A pyrometer thermometer measures temperature from the thermal radiation emitted by objects.
When objects are heated, they emit thermal radiation, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation. This radiation is primarily in the infrared wavelength range. A pyrometer thermometer is specifically designed to measure the intensity of this thermal radiation and convert it into a temperature reading.
The pyrometer thermometer works based on the principle of measuring the amount of thermal radiation reaching the sensor. This is done using a detector that is sensitive to the infrared wavelength range. The detector absorbs the thermal radiation emitted by the object and generates an electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the radiation.
The electrical signal from the detector is then processed by the thermometer's electronics to calculate and display the corresponding temperature. The calibration of the thermometer ensures accurate temperature readings based on the known relationship between the intensity of thermal radiation and temperature.
Pyrometer thermometers are commonly used in industrial applications where contact-based temperature measurement methods are not feasible or accurate enough. They can measure temperatures of objects from a distance without physically touching them, which makes them suitable for measuring high temperatures, moving objects, or objects in hazardous or inaccessible environments.
Therefore, the pyrometer thermometer is the correct option for measuring temperature from thermal radiation emitted by objects.
Question 14 Report
A piano wire 50 cm long has a total mass of 10 g and its stretched with a tension of 800 N. Find the frequency of the wire when it sounds its third overtone note.
Answer Details
T=800N; I=50cm=0.5m,
m=10g=0.01kg
fundamental freq: fo
=?
fo
= 121√Tμ
μ =m1
=0.010.5
⇒ fo
=12×0.5
√8000.02
fo
⇒√ 40,000
⇒1st overtone = 2fo
=2×200 = 400Hz
⇒2nd overtone =3fo
=3×200=600Hz
∴3rd over tone= 4fo
=4×200=800Hz
Question 15 Report
From the diagram above, if the potential difference across the resistor, capacitor and inductor are 60V, 120V and 30V respectively, the effective potential difference is
Answer Details
Question 16 Report
An object is placed 35 cm away from a convex mirror with a focal length of magnitude 15 cm. What is the location of the image?
Answer Details
Let's understand how a convex mirror forms images. In a convex mirror, the center of curvature and the focal point lie behind the mirror. Convex mirrors always produce virtual, upright, and diminished images.
Here, we are given that the object is placed 35 cm away from the convex mirror and the mirror has a focal length of 15 cm.
To find the location of the image, we can use the mirror formula, which states:
1/f = 1/v - 1/u
Where: - f is the focal length of the mirror, - v is the distance of the image from the mirror (negative for virtual image), - u is the distance of the object from the mirror (negative for real object in front of the mirror).
In this case, f = 15 cm and u = -35 cm (negative because the object is in front of the mirror).
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
1/15 = 1/v - 1/-35
Simplifying the equation, we get:
1/v = 1/15 + 1/35
To add the fractions, we find the common denominator, which is 105. Then, we have:
1/v = (7 + 3)/105
1/v = 10/105
Simplifying further, we get:
1/v = 2/21
To solve for v, we take the reciprocal on both sides of the equation:
v = 21/2
Therefore, the location of the image is 10.5 cm behind the mirror.
Question 17 Report
Name the type of equilibrium for each position of the ball
Answer Details
To determine the type of equilibrium for each position of the ball, we need to understand what each type of equilibrium means. 1. **Unstable equilibrium**: This occurs when a small disturbance or change in the system causes the object to move away from its equilibrium position. In other words, the system is "unstable" and will not return to its original position on its own. 2. **Neutral equilibrium**: This occurs when a small disturbance or change in the system does not cause the object to move away from its equilibrium position. The system remains in its new position without any tendency to return to its original position. 3. **Stable equilibrium**: This occurs when a small disturbance or change in the system causes the object to move away from its equilibrium position, but the system has a tendency to return to its original position on its own. Now, let's analyze each position of the ball: A - **Unstable equilibrium**: Suppose the ball is placed at position A. If the ball is slightly disturbed or moved from this position, it will roll away further from its original position and won't come back on its own. Hence, position A is an unstable equilibrium. B - **Stable equilibrium**: Suppose the ball is placed at position B. If the ball is slightly disturbed or moved from this position, it will oscillate back and forth but eventually come back to its original position. This indicates that position B is a stable equilibrium. C - **Neutral equilibrium**: Suppose the ball is placed at position C. If the ball is slightly disturbed or moved from this position, it will stay at the new position without any tendency to return to its original position. This identifies position C as a neutral equilibrium. Based on the explanations above, the correct answer is: A - unstable, B - stable, C - neutral.
Question 18 Report
A lorry accelerates uniformly in a straight line with acceleration of 4ms-1 and covers a distance of 250 m in a time interval of 10 s. How far will it travel in the next 10 s?
Answer Details
Question 19 Report
Rainbow formation is as a result of the combination of which of the following phenomena?
(i) Reflection
(ii) Dispersion
(iii) Total internal reflection
(iv) Refraction
Answer Details
As light ray enters a drop of water the light is refracted at the surface and at the end of the drop, it is totally internally reflected in which the reflected light returns to the front surface, where it again undergoes refraction as it moves from water to air. The result of this is a dispersed light of colours of different wavelengths.
Question 20 Report
An air bubble of radius 4.5 cm initially at a depth of 12 m below the water surface rises to the surface. If the atmospheric pressure is equal to 10.34 m of water, the radius of the bubble just before it reaches the water surface is
Question 21 Report
Which of the following is a type of wave that is both mechanical and longitudinal?
Answer Details
A wave that is both mechanical and longitudinal is sound waves.
Sound waves are created by the vibration of an object, such as a speaker, which causes the air particles around it to vibrate. These vibrations then travel through the air in the form of a wave.
Sound waves are classified as mechanical waves because they require a medium, such as air, water, or solid objects, to travel through. Without a medium, sound waves cannot propagate.
Furthermore, sound waves are classified as longitudinal waves because the particles in the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave. This means that as the sound wave travels, the particles in the medium move back and forth in the same direction as the wave itself.
In contrast, water waves and seismic waves are mechanical waves, but they are not longitudinal. Water waves are categorized as transverse waves because the particles in the water move up and down at right angles to the direction of the wave. Seismic waves, which include earthquake waves, can be both transverse and longitudinal, but typically the primary seismic waves are classified as transverse waves.
Lastly, light waves are not mechanical waves but rather electromagnetic waves. They do not require a medium to travel through and can propagate in a vacuum, unlike sound waves.
Question 22 Report
A wire of radius 0.2 mm is extended by 0.5% of its length when supported by a load of 1.5 kg. Determine the Young's modulus for the material of the wire.
[Take g = 10 ms-2]
Question 23 Report
The electrolyte used in the Nickel-Iron (NiFe) accumulator is
Answer Details
The electrolyte used in the Nickel-Iron (NiFe) accumulator is **potassium hydroxide solution**.
In a Nickel-Iron accumulator, the electrolyte is the substance that allows the flow of electric current between the electrodes. It is essential for the proper functioning of the accumulator.
Potassium hydroxide solution is the ideal electrolyte for the NiFe accumulator due to its properties. It has good electrical conductivity, which means it allows the movement of ions between the positive and negative electrodes, enabling the flow of electrons and facilitating the charging and discharging process.
In addition to good conductivity, potassium hydroxide solution also has other beneficial properties for the NiFe accumulator. It is stable, ensuring a longer lifespan for the accumulator. It is also less prone to self-discharge, meaning the accumulator can retain its charge for a longer period without significant loss.
Therefore, the electrolyte used in the Nickel-Iron (NiFe) accumulator is potassium hydroxide solution.
Question 24 Report
The sensitivity of a thermometer is
Answer Details
The sensitivity of a thermometer refers to the smallest temperature change that it can detect or measure. In other words, it measures how fine or precise the thermometer is in detecting changes in temperature. A thermometer with high sensitivity is able to detect even small changes in temperature, while a thermometer with low sensitivity may only detect larger temperature fluctuations.
Therefore, in the given options, the statement "the smallest temperature change that can be detected or measured" accurately describes the sensitivity of a thermometer.
Question 25 Report
The property of wave shown in the diagram above is?
Answer Details
The property of the wave shown in the diagram is diffraction.
Diffraction is the bending or spreading out of waves as they encounter an obstacle or pass through an opening. It occurs when waves encounter an obstacle that is comparable in size to their wavelength.
In the diagram, you can see that the wave is encountering an opening or a slit, and as a result, it is spreading out or bending around the edges of the opening. This bending or spreading out is characteristic of diffraction.
Diffraction is an important phenomenon in wave behavior and is observed in various situations, such as when sound waves pass through a doorway or when light waves pass through a narrow slit. It helps us understand how waves interact with obstacles and openings in their path.
In summary, the property of the wave shown in the diagram is diffraction, which is the bending or spreading out of waves as they encounter an obstacle or pass through an opening.
Question 26 Report
Which of the following is NOT an example of elementary modern physics?
Answer Details
Classical mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the motion of macroscopic objects. It is based on the principles of Newton's laws of motion and is not considered to be part of elementary modern physics.
The other three options, quantum mechanics, special relativity, and nuclear physics, are all considered to be part of elementary modern physics because they deal with the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels.
Question 27 Report
A simple pendulum, has a period of 5.77 seconds. When the pendulum is shortened by 3 m, the period is 4.60 seconds. Calculate the new length of the pendulum
Question 28 Report
A beam of light traveling in water is incident on a glass which is immersed in the water. The incident beam makes an angle of 40o
with the normal. Calculate the angle of refraction in the glass.
[Refractive index of water = 1.33, Refractive index of glass = 1.5]
Question 29 Report
In an AC circuit, resonance occurs when the impedance of the circuit is:
Answer Details
In an AC circuit, resonance occurs when the impedance of the circuit is minimum.
Impedance is the total opposition to the flow of alternating current in a circuit, and it consists of two components: resistance (R) and reactance (X).
Reactance can be further divided into two types: inductive reactance (XL) and capacitive reactance (XC).
At resonance, the inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign. This means that their effects cancel each other out, resulting in a minimum total reactance.
Since impedance is the combination of resistance and reactance, when the reactance is at its minimum, the impedance of the circuit is also at its minimum.
So, in summary, resonance occurs in an AC circuit when the impedance is minimum. At resonance, the inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance cancel each other out, resulting in a minimum total reactance and minimum impedance.
Question 30 Report
A 200 kg load is raised using a 110 m long lever as shown in the diagram above. The load is 10m from the pivot P. If the efficiency of the the lever is 80%, find the effort E required to lift the load.
[Take g = 10ms-2]
Answer Details
To find the effort E required to lift the load, we first need to understand the concept of mechanical efficiency in levers.
A lever is a simple machine that consists of a rigid beam (lever arm) that pivots around a fixed point called the fulcrum. In this case, the fulcrum is point P.
The mechanical efficiency of a lever is defined as the ratio of the output work done (load lifted) to the input work done (effort applied). Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Efficiency = (Output Work / Input Work) * 100%
In this problem, the load is the output work and the effort is the input work.
Given: Load = 200 kg Length of lever (distance between fulcrum and load) = 10 m Efficiency = 80% Gravitational acceleration (g) = 10 m/s^2
To calculate the effort, let's first calculate the output work:
Output Work = Load * Distance lifted
The distance lifted is equal to the length of the lever arm, which is 10 m.
Output Work = 200 kg * 10 m = 2000 kg·m
Since 1 kg·m is equivalent to 10 J (1 Joule), we can convert the units:
Output Work = 2000 kg·m * 10 J/kg·m = 20000 J
Now, let's calculate the input work:
Input Work = Effort * Distance moved by the effort
The distance moved by the effort is the length of the lever arm, which is 110 m.
Input Work = Effort * 110 m
Using the formula for mechanical efficiency, we can rewrite it as:
Efficiency = (Output Work / Input Work) * 100%
Solving for the effort:
Effort = (Output Work / (Efficiency/100)) / Distance moved by the effort
Effort = (20000 J / (80/100)) / 110 m
Simplifying the equation:
Effort = (20000 J / 0.8) / 110 m
Effort = 250 J / m
Given that g = 10 m/s^2, we know that 1 N = 1 kg·m/s^2. Therefore, we can convert the units:
Effort = (250 J / m) / (1 kg·m/s^2 / 1 N)
Effort = 250 N
Therefore, the effort E required to lift the load is 250 N.
Question 31 Report
The near point of a patient's eye is 50.0 cm. What power (in diopters) must a corrective lens have to enable the eye to see clearly an object 25.0 cm away?
Question 32 Report
A missile is launched with a speed of 75 ms-1 at an angle of 22° above the surface of a warship. Find the horizontal range achieved by the missile. Ignore the effects of air resistance.
[Take g = 10 ms-1]
Question 33 Report
On a particular hot day, the temperature is 40°C and the partial pressure of water vapor in the air is 38.8 mmHg. What is the relative humidity?
Answer Details
To calculate the relative humidity, we need to understand the concept of saturation and how much water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature.
Saturation is the point at which the air is holding the maximum amount of water vapor it can hold at a particular temperature. Once the air reaches saturation, any additional moisture will start to condense into liquid water.
The amount of water vapor that the air can hold increases with temperature. Warmer air can hold more water vapor, while cooler air can hold less.
Now, let's calculate the relative humidity using the given information:
1. Find the saturation vapor pressure at 40°C: - The saturation vapor pressure is the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a specific temperature. - At 40°C, the saturation vapor pressure is approximately 55.3 mmHg.
2. Calculate the relative humidity: - Relative humidity is the ratio of the current partial pressure of water vapor to the saturation vapor pressure, expressed as a percentage. - Relative Humidity = (Partial pressure of water vapor / Saturation vapor pressure) * 100 - In this case, the partial pressure of water vapor is 38.8 mmHg and the saturation vapor pressure at 40°C is 55.3 mmHg. - Plugging in these values into the formula, we get: Relative Humidity = (38.8 mmHg / 55.3 mmHg) * 100 = 70.2%
Therefore, the relative humidity on this particular hot day is approximately 70%.
Answer: The correct option is 70.
Question 34 Report
The working of the beam balance is based on the principle of
Answer Details
The working of the beam balance is based on the principle of moments.
Moments, also known as torques, are a measure of the turning effect of a force. In the case of the beam balance, it is the moments that help determine the equilibrium or balance of the system.
The beam balance consists of a beam or lever that is supported at a pivot point called the fulcrum. On either end of the beam, there are pans where the objects to be weighed are placed.
When objects of different weights are placed on the pans, the beam becomes unbalanced. This causes the beam to tilt towards the side with the heavier object. However, in order to achieve equilibrium or balance, the moments on both sides of the beam must be equal.
The moment of a force is calculated by multiplying the magnitude of the force by the perpendicular distance from the point of rotation (the fulcrum) to the line of action of the force.
By adjusting the position of the counterweights or by moving the objects on the pans, the moment on each side of the beam can be balanced, resulting in the beam becoming level or horizontal. This indicates that the weights on both sides are equal.
Therefore, the beam balance operates on the principle of moments, where the balance is achieved by equalizing the moments on both sides of the fulcrum.
Question 35 Report
A step-down transformer is used on a 2.2 kV line to deliver 110 V. How many turns are on the primary windings if the secondary has 25 turns?
Answer Details
To determine the number of turns on the primary winding of a step-down transformer, we need to understand how a transformer works and how the voltage is transformed from the primary to the secondary winding.
A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding.
The voltage ratio between the primary and secondary windings is determined by the ratio of the number of turns in each winding. This means that if we decrease the number of turns in the secondary winding compared to the primary winding, we can reduce the voltage output.
In this case, we are given that the secondary winding has 25 turns and we want to deliver 110 V. The primary winding has a higher voltage, which is 2.2 kV (kilovolts) or 2200 V.
To determine the number of turns on the primary winding, we can set up a simple equation using the voltage ratios:
Primary voltage / Secondary voltage = Primary winding turns / Secondary winding turns
Plugging in the values we have:
2200 V / 110 V = Primary winding turns / 25 turns
Simplifying the equation:
20 = Primary winding turns / 25
To solve for the number of turns on the primary winding, we can cross multiply:
20 x 25 = Primary winding turns
Therefore, the number of turns on the primary winding is 500.
So, the correct answer is 500.
Question 36 Report
A man swung an object of mass 2 kg in a circular path with a rope 1.2 m long. If the object was swung at 120 rev/min, find the tension in the rope.
Answer Details
To find the tension in the rope, we can first use the formula for centripetal force, which is given by:
F_centripetal = (m * v^2) / r
where: - F_centripetal is the centripetal force - m is the mass of the object - v is the velocity of the object - r is the radius of the circular path
In this case, the mass of the object (m) is given as 2 kg and the radius (r) is given as 1.2 m.
Now, to find the velocity (v), we need to convert the given value of 120 rev/min to m/s.
Here's how we can do that:
1. First, convert the revolutions per minute (rev/min) to revolutions per second (rev/s) by dividing by 60 (since there are 60 seconds in a minute):
120 rev/min = 120/60 rev/s = 2 rev/s
2. Next, we need to convert the revolutions per second to the linear velocity in meters per second (m/s). To do this, we need to find the circumference of the circular path.
The circumference of a circle is given by the formula:
C = 2πr where r is the radius of the circular path.
Substituting the value of the radius (r = 1.2 m) into the formula, we have:
C = 2π * 1.2 = 2.4π Now, to find the linear velocity (v), we can multiply the circumference (C) by the number of revolutions per second (2 rev/s):
v = C * rev/s = 2.4π * 2 = 4.8π m/s
Now that we have the values of m (2 kg) and v (4.8π m/s), we can substitute them into the centripetal force formula to find the tension in the rope:
F_centripetal = (m * v^2) / r = (2 * (4.8π)^2) / 1.2
Simplifying further:
F_centripetal = (2 * 23.04π^2) / 1.2
F_centripetal = 38.4π^2
Finally, to get a numerical value for the tension in the rope, we can approximate the value of π to 3.14 and calculate the centripetal force:
F_centripetal ≈ 38.4 * 3.14^2 ≈ 379 N
Therefore, the tension in the rope is approximately 379 N.
Therefore, the correct answer is 379.
Question 37 Report
Which of the following is NOT a limitation of experimental measurements?
Answer Details
Instrument resolution is not a limitation of experimental measurements. It is the smallest change in a measured quantity that can be detected by an instrument. While instrument resolution limits the accuracy of a measurement, it is not a limitation of experimental measurements itself.
Question 38 Report
An open-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure in a gas tank. When the atmospheric pressure is 101,325 Pa
, what is the absolute pressure in Pa
in the tank if the height of the mercury in the open tube is 25 cm higher
Question 39 Report
A charge of 4.6×10−5
C is placed in an electric field of intensity 3.2×104
Vm−1
. What is the force acting on the electron?
Answer Details
To calculate the force acting on the charge in an electric field, we can use the formula: F = q * E Where: F is the force acting on the charge, q is the charge of the particle, and E is the electric field intensity. In this case, the charge is given as 4.6 × 10^(-5) C and the electric field intensity is given as 3.2 × 10^4 V/m. Substituting these values into the formula: F = (4.6 × 10^(-5) C) * (3.2 × 10^4 V/m) To multiply numbers in scientific notation, we multiply the coefficients and add the exponents: F = (4.6 * 3.2) * (10^(-5 + 4)) C * V/m F = 14.72 * 10^(-1) C * V/m To simplify, we can convert the result to standard form: F = 1.472 C * V/m Therefore, the force acting on the charge is **1.472 N**.
Question 40 Report
An explosion occurs at an altitude of 312 m above the ground. If the air temperature is -10.00°C, how long does it take the sound to reach the ground?
[velocity of sound at 0 deg = 331 ms-1]
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