JAMB UTME - Geography - 2021
Question 1 Report
A major percentage of the world's exports of citrus fruits is from the
Answer Details
A major percentage of the world's exports of citrus fruits comes from the Mediterranean region. The Mediterranean region, which includes countries such as Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey, has a warm and sunny climate that is ideal for growing citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. These fruits are widely cultivated in the region, and a large portion of the production is exported to other countries. This region has long been known for its fertile soils and favorable growing conditions, making it one of the major citrus-producing areas in the world. In addition, the Mediterranean region has a long history of citrus cultivation and a strong tradition of producing high-quality fruit. So, while citrus fruits can be grown in other regions such as the tropical and cool temperate regions, the Mediterranean region remains the largest exporter of these fruits.
Question 2 Report
Which of the following is a vegetation characteristics of the Tropical rainforest?
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Question 3 Report
These are landforms producing agent except
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Out of the given options, storms are not a landform producing agent. Landforms are natural features on the Earth's surface, such as mountains, valleys, and plains, that are created over long periods of time through the actions of various agents. These agents include natural forces such as water, wind, ice, and gravity. Waves, rivers, and glaciers are all agents that can shape the Earth's surface over time. Waves can erode coastlines and create features like sea cliffs and sea caves. Rivers can carve out valleys and canyons through erosion and transport sediment downstream. Glaciers can also erode and transport sediment, as well as create features such as moraines and U-shaped valleys. On the other hand, storms are not an agent that shapes the Earth's surface in a significant way. Storms are short-lived weather events that can cause erosion and deposition in some areas, but they are not powerful enough to create significant landforms on their own. However, storms can interact with other landforming agents like rivers and waves, exacerbating their effects and creating more dramatic changes to the landscape.
Question 4 Report
The following are responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America except
Answer Details
The option that is not responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America is "inadequate capital". The concentration of industries in eastern United States is due to the availability of two important factors: a large market and abundant natural resources. The eastern region of the US has a large population that provides a ready market for industrial products. Additionally, the region has numerous natural resources such as coal, iron ore, and waterways that are necessary for industrial production. High technology can also contribute to the concentration of industries in eastern United States as it attracts skilled labor and supports innovation. However, it is not the primary factor responsible for the concentration of industries in the region. On the other hand, inadequate capital would hinder industrial growth and development. Therefore, it cannot be responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States.
Question 5 Report
Nigeria's major export commodity is
Answer Details
Nigeria's major export commodity is petroleum, also known as crude oil. Petroleum is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. It is a valuable resource that is used in a wide range of applications, including transportation, power generation, and manufacturing. In Nigeria, petroleum was discovered in the 1950s, and it has since become the country's major export commodity, accounting for a significant portion of the country's revenue. Nigeria is one of the largest oil producers in Africa and one of the top oil exporters in the world. The oil industry has had a significant impact on Nigeria's economy, providing employment opportunities and contributing to the country's economic growth. However, there have also been concerns about the environmental impact of oil exploration and the management of the revenue generated from the industry. In summary, Nigeria's major export commodity is petroleum, which is a valuable resource used in various industries. The discovery and production of oil have had a significant impact on Nigeria's economy, but there are also challenges and concerns associated with the industry.
Question 6 Report
The tourist centre of Ogbunike care is located near
Answer Details
The correct answer is "Onitsha in Anambra state." Ogbunike Cave is a popular tourist destination in Nigeria, known for its beautiful natural caves and rock formations. It is located in Ogbunike, a small town in Anambra state, in the southeastern part of the country. Onitsha, which is one of the largest cities in Anambra state, is located just a few kilometers from Ogbunike and is the closest major city to the Ogbunike Cave tourist center. The town of Ogbunike can be accessed via the Onitsha-Owerri expressway, and the cave is only a short distance from the town center. Therefore, the correct answer is "Onitsha in Anambra state" since it is the nearest major city to the tourist center of Ogbunike Cave.
Question 7 Report
An important mineral deposit in south Africa which has attracted a large number of white settler is
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Question 8 Report
The following are the importance of highland in Nigeria except
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The importance of highlands in Nigeria does not include being a source of minerals. Highlands are elevated areas of land that are generally located at higher altitudes than the surrounding areas. In Nigeria, there are several highland areas, including the Jos Plateau and the Mambilla Plateau. These highlands have several important features and benefits. One of the key benefits of highlands is that they occupy good land that is suitable for agriculture. The higher altitudes often mean cooler temperatures, which can be beneficial for certain crops. Additionally, the soil in highland areas may be richer and more fertile, which can result in higher crop yields. Highlands can also serve as settlement sites, as they are often more defensible than lowland areas. Historically, many highland areas in Nigeria have been used as sites for forts and other defensive structures. Another important feature of highlands is that they are often the source of rivers. The high elevations allow for the accumulation of water, which can then flow downhill and form rivers and other bodies of water. These rivers can be important sources of water for irrigation, as well as for domestic and industrial use. While highlands may contain minerals, they are not typically a major source of mineral resources in Nigeria. Mineral resources in Nigeria are more commonly found in other areas, such as the Niger Delta and the Jos Plateau. In summary, highlands in Nigeria are important for their suitability for agriculture, their historical use as settlement sites, and their role as sources of rivers. While they may contain minerals, this is not typically their primary importance.
Question 9 Report
_______ is the condition of the lower atmosphere of a place over a short period
Answer Details
The condition of the lower atmosphere of a place over a short period is called weather. Weather describes the day-to-day atmospheric conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity that occur in a specific location at a particular time. It can change rapidly and varies from place to place, even within the same region. In contrast, climate refers to the long-term average weather conditions of a region, including factors such as temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric pressure, over a period of many years.
Question 11 Report
In a combined maximum and minimum thermometer, the difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for that day gives the
Answer Details
The difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for a particular day is called the diurnal range of temperature. A combined maximum and minimum thermometer records both the highest and lowest temperatures that occur during a given period, typically a day. The highest temperature recorded is the maximum daily temperature, and the lowest temperature recorded is the minimum daily temperature. The diurnal range of temperature is the difference between these two values, indicating how much the temperature fluctuated over the course of the day. For example, if the highest temperature recorded was 30 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature recorded was 15 degrees Celsius, then the diurnal range of temperature for that day would be 15 degrees Celsius.
Question 12 Report
The best solution to the rapid depletion of forest resources in West Africa is to
Answer Details
The best solution to the rapid depletion of forest resources in West Africa is to introduce forest conservation techniques. This approach involves implementing sustainable practices that protect the natural environment and enable communities to benefit from the forest resources without damaging them. It includes measures such as reducing deforestation, promoting reforestation, and enforcing laws against illegal logging and other harmful activities. Reserving hectares of land for plantations may not be a sustainable solution, as it can lead to monoculture and may not provide the same benefits as natural forests. Importing wood from other countries may exacerbate the problem, as it encourages overconsumption and does not address the underlying issues of deforestation. Employing more forest guards can help deter illegal activities, but it may not be enough without also implementing conservation techniques. Therefore, implementing forest conservation techniques is the best solution as it promotes the sustainable use of forest resources while protecting the natural environment and supporting local communities.
Question 13 Report
___________ is a layer of very fine wind-deposited sand and silt?
Answer Details
Loess is a layer of very fine wind-deposited sand and silt. It is created when wind carries small particles of sediment, such as sand and silt, from one place to another and deposits them in a layer. Loess is usually found in areas with strong winds, such as the prairies of North America, the steppes of Asia, and the deserts of Africa. This type of soil is fertile and is often used for agriculture.
Question 14 Report
Where the salinity of an ocean is high;
Answer Details
When the salinity of an ocean is high, the ocean water becomes more dense. This dense water tends to sink towards the bottom of the ocean and flow along the ocean floor towards areas where the salinity is lower. So, the correct answer is: the ocean water is dense and creeps at the bottom of the ocean towards low salinity areas.
Question 15 Report
Question 16 Report
If the scale of two maps are (a;1:100,000 and b;1:400,000) what is the ground distance if the distance between two towns on the maps is 10cm
Answer Details
To determine the ground distance between the two towns on the map, we need to use the scale of the map. The scale tells us how many units of distance on the map (in this case, centimeters) correspond to one unit of ground distance (in this case, kilometers). For map a with a scale of 1:100,000, 1 centimeter on the map represents 100,000 centimeters or 1 kilometer on the ground. Therefore, 10 centimeters on the map represents 10 x 1 kilometer = 10 kilometers on the ground. For map b with a scale of 1:400,000, 1 centimeter on the map represents 400,000 centimeters or 4 kilometers on the ground. Therefore, 10 centimeters on the map represents 10 x 4 kilometers = 40 kilometers on the ground. So the correct answer is 10km, 40km.
Question 18 Report
What is the process of lowering and levelling of the earth surface by gradual breaking and wearing away of such earth's surfaces.
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Question 19 Report
Which of the following countries is located in North Africa.
Answer Details
Algeria is located in North Africa. North Africa is a region of the African continent that includes several countries such as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Sahara Desert to the south. Zaire, also known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is located in Central Africa. Rwanda is located in East Africa. Namibia is located in Southern Africa. Therefore, the correct answer is Algeria.
Question 20 Report
Kossou Dam is located on River
Answer Details
Kossou Dam is located on the Bandama River. The Bandama River is a major river in Ivory Coast, located in West Africa. The Kossou Dam is one of the largest dams on this river, and it is an important source of hydroelectric power for the country. The dam was built in the 1960s and is located about 60 kilometers north of the city of Yamoussoukro. The Bandama River is approximately 800 kilometers long and is the longest river entirely within Ivory Coast. It is an important source of water for irrigation and other agricultural activities, and it is also an important transportation route for goods and people. The Kossou Dam was built to harness the power of the Bandama River and generate electricity for the country. The dam has a capacity of 174 megawatts and is able to supply power to much of the country. In addition to generating electricity, the dam also helps to control flooding in the area and provides water for irrigation and other purposes. In summary, the Kossou Dam is located on the Bandama River in Ivory Coast. The Bandama River is an important source of water for irrigation and transportation, and the dam is an important source of hydroelectric power for the country.
Question 21 Report
Which of the following is a way of controlling soil erosion
Answer Details
Contour ploughing is a way of controlling soil erosion. Soil erosion is the process of the removal of topsoil by agents such as wind or water. When the topsoil is removed, it leads to the loss of important nutrients and organic matter that are necessary for plant growth. Soil erosion also leads to the degradation of the soil structure, making it difficult for plants to grow. Contour ploughing involves ploughing furrows along the contours of a slope rather than up and down. This helps to slow down the runoff of water and reduce soil erosion. By ploughing along the contour, the furrows act as a barrier that traps water and allows it to soak into the soil. This helps to improve the water-holding capacity of the soil, which is essential for plant growth. In summary, contour ploughing is an effective way of controlling soil erosion because it helps to slow down the runoff of water and reduce soil loss.
Question 22 Report
An example of a coastline of emergence is
Answer Details
An example of a coastline of emergence is a raised beach. A coastline of emergence refers to a type of coastline that is formed when the land is rising relative to the sea level. This can be caused by tectonic activity or changes in the level of the land due to the melting of glaciers. When the land rises, the sea level falls, which exposes the previously submerged shoreline. This results in the formation of a raised beach, which is a distinctive feature of a coastline of emergence. A raised beach is a beach that is located above the current sea level, and it is typically characterized by a flat or gently sloping surface. Other features of a coastline of emergence may include sea cliffs, wave-cut platforms, and marine terraces. These features are formed by the erosion of the land by the sea when it was at a higher level, followed by the uplift of the land. An example of a coastline of emergence can be found along the coast of Norway. The Norwegian coastline has experienced significant uplift due to tectonic activity, which has resulted in the formation of raised beaches, sea cliffs, and marine terraces. In summary, a coastline of emergence is a type of coastline that is formed when the land rises relative to the sea level. One of the distinctive features of this type of coastline is a raised beach, which is a beach that is located above the current sea level. An example of a coastline of emergence can be found along the coast of Norway.
Question 23 Report
Which of the following is not an element of climate
Answer Details
Attitude is not an element of climate. Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, wind, and air pressure in a particular area. Attitude refers to a person's feelings or opinions about something, and does not relate to the physical characteristics of the climate.
Question 24 Report
Sparse population in the middle belt of Nigeria can not be attributed to
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Question 28 Report
Which of the following is an effect of the earth's revolution?
Answer Details
One effect of the earth's revolution is that it determines a year. The earth takes approximately 365.24 days to complete one orbit around the sun, which is known as a year. As the earth moves around the sun, it also causes changes in the amount of sunlight that different parts of the planet receive, which in turn affects the seasons. The tilt of the earth's axis also plays a role in determining the seasons. As the earth moves in its orbit, different parts of the planet are tilted towards or away from the sun, which causes the variations in the amount of daylight and darkness we experience throughout the year. Therefore, while day and night, dawn and twilight, and apparent sunrise and sunset are also effects of the earth's rotation, the revolution primarily determines a year.
Question 29 Report
Which of the following is not a graphical representation of statistical data?
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Question 30 Report
The dam which is not used in the gezira is the
Answer Details
None of the options provided, including A swan, are a dam in the Gezira region of Sudan. However, among the major dams in Sudan, the one that is not located in Gezira is the Jebel Azulia Dam. This dam is located on the Blue Nile in the Northern state of Sudan, about 25 kilometers north of the capital city of Khartoum. The Gezira region of Sudan is known for its large irrigation scheme, which utilizes water from the Blue Nile to cultivate various crops. The region has two major dams that are used for irrigation, namely the Sennar and Roseires dams. Therefore, if the question specifically refers to dams in the Gezira region, the answer would be either Sennar or Roseires.
Question 33 Report
Use the map below to answer this question above
What is the feature labelled K on the map is
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Question 34 Report
Which of the following processes leads to the loss of carbon from the air
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Question 35 Report
Which of the following zones is the least industrialized in Nigeria?
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Question 37 Report
The outer structure of the earth is made up of the following except?
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Question 38 Report
Which of the following statements is true of the North Atlantic Sea route?
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Question 39 Report
River regime is best described as the
Answer Details
River regime is best described as the seasonal variation in the volume of water in a river. It refers to the pattern of the flow of water in a river over the course of a year, which is affected by changes in temperature, precipitation, and other factors. The river regime describes the variations in the discharge, or the amount of water flowing in the river, over time. This variation can be influenced by several factors, such as the amount and timing of rainfall, the amount of snowmelt, and the presence of dams or other structures that regulate the flow of the river. In some regions, rivers have a well-defined regime with distinct seasons of high and low water, while in other regions, the regime may be less predictable due to more erratic weather patterns. Understanding the river regime is important for managing water resources, predicting floods, and maintaining ecosystems that depend on the natural flow of rivers.
