JAMB UTME - History - 2012 | Green Bridge CBT

Question 1 Report

Britain suppressed the trans-Atlantic slave trade because

there was no more market for slaves in America

it had become very inhuman

the Christian missions preached against it

it became unfavourable to her industrial progress.

Answer Details

Following the Industrial Revolution, the European countries needed raw materials for their industries not slaves who used to provide cheap manual labour.

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Read lesson note on Trans-atlantic Slave Trade (WAEC)

Nigeria In International Organizations

Trans-atlantic Slave Trade

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Question 2 Report

VThe Berber scholar, al-Mukhtar, contributed to the success of the Masina Jihad by

preparing the ground through the Qadiriyyah Brotherhood

fighting alongside Seju Ahmadu

mobilizing various groups to fight for Seku Ahmadu

appealing to Ardo Moudo to support Seku Ahmadu.

Answer Details

The Berber scholar, al-Mukhtar, contributed to the success of the Masina Jihad by preparing the ground through the Qadiriyyah Brotherhood. The Masina Jihad was a religious movement in West Africa led by Seku Ahmadu, who sought to establish an Islamic state. Al-Mukhtar, who was a leader of the Qadiriyyah Brotherhood, played an important role in mobilizing support for the movement by spreading its teachings and helping to establish a network of followers. The Qadiriyyah Brotherhood was a Sufi order that emphasized the importance of spiritual purity and the unity of all Muslims. Al-Mukhtar used his influence within the order to promote the Masina Jihad and to encourage people to join the movement. His efforts helped to lay the groundwork for the success of the Masina Jihad, which was able to establish a powerful Islamic state in the region.

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The Sokoto Caliphate

Economic Activities And Growth Of States

Yorubaland

Islamic Reform Movements And State Building In West Africa

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Question 3 Report

Nationalist activities developed earlier in British West Africa than in French West Africa because

British colonies were accorded equal status with Britain

Britain had more colonies than France

African chiefs in French colonies were highly respected

of the systems of administration adopted by the colonial powers.

Answer Details

The reason why nationalist activities developed earlier in British West Africa than in French West Africa was due to the systems of administration adopted by the colonial powers. The British had a more indirect approach to administration, allowing for more local autonomy and gradual development of African leadership. On the other hand, the French had a more direct and centralized approach, exerting more control over their colonies and suppressing African leadership. This led to a slower development of nationalist sentiment in French West Africa compared to British West Africa.

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The Second Phase Of The British Conquest In Nigeria

Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence

Introduction To The History Of Ghana

Sierra Leone From Independence To 2000

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Question 4 Report

The survival of Ethiopia as an independent polity was as a result of the

alliance with some European powers

strong economic base of the kingdom

location of the kingdom

introduction of a compulsory military service

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Question 5 Report

Which of the following served as federal ministers under the Tafawa Balewa Administration?

Alhaji Muhammadu Ribadu and Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh.

Chief Kolawole Balogun and Alhaji Adamu Ciroma.

Alhaji Muhammadu Inuwa Wada and Chief Richard Akinjide

Chief Aja Nwachukwu and Alhaji Umaru Dikko.

Answer Details

Alhaji Muhammadu Ribadu and Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh served as federal ministers under the Tafawa Balewa Administration in Nigeria.

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Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence

The Politics Of The First Republic And Military In Nigeria

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Question 6 Report

European traders did not venture into the interior of Nigeria before the 19th century because

they were ignorant of the area

the African middlemen served their needs

of their fear of the African middlemen

they were very few in number.

European Penetration And Impact

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Question 7 Report

In pre-colonial Nigeria, intergroup contacts were encourage mostly by

economic interdependence

military alliance

marriage ties

political ties

Answer Details

In pre-colonial Nigeria, intergroup contacts were mostly encouraged by marriage ties. This means that people from different groups would marry each other, which would create a bond between their families and promote peaceful relationships between the groups. Additionally, intermarriage would often lead to economic and political ties between the groups, as well as the exchange of cultural practices and traditions. These interactions helped to create a sense of unity and cooperation among the various groups in Nigeria. While economic interdependence and political ties were also important factors in promoting intergroup contacts, marriage ties played a particularly significant role in bringing people from different groups together.

Read lesson note on Origin And Formation Of States In The Nigeria Area (JAMB)

Origin And Formation Of States In The Nigeria Area

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Question 8 Report

Which of the following is the most important source of the history of the Hausa states?

Tarikh-as Sudan.

The European account.

The Kano Chronicle.

The Arab traders’ account.

Answer Details

The most important source of the history of the Hausa states is The Kano Chronicle. This is a collection of historical records and accounts of events that took place in the ancient city-state of Kano, which is located in what is now northern Nigeria. The Chronicle contains information about the origins of the Hausa people, the development of the various Hausa city-states, and the political and social systems that existed in the region. The Kano Chronicle is considered to be the most important source of information about the history of the Hausa states because it was written by local historians who had access to first-hand accounts of the events they recorded. Unlike the European and Arab accounts, which were written by outsiders who had limited knowledge of the region, the Kano Chronicle was written by people who were intimately familiar with the customs, traditions, and political systems of the Hausa people. In summary, while other sources of information about the Hausa states are also important, the Kano Chronicle is the most valuable because it provides a detailed and accurate account of the history and culture of the Hausa people.

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Land And Peoples Of The Nigeria Area

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Question 9 Report

The Lyttlelton Constitution is considered a landmark in the history of Nigeria, because it

created a federal structure of government for the country

made ministers accountable to the electorate

recognized Lagos as a federal territory

gave ministers full authority over their ministries

The Civil War

European Penetration And Impact

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Question 10 Report

The main goal of the British expedition against the Aro was to

eliminate all opposition to their presence in the hinterland

pave the way for the Christianization of Igboland

destroy the Ibini-Ukpabi oracle

liberate the Igbo from Aro bondage

Answer Details

The main goal of the British expedition against the Aro was to eliminate all opposition to their presence in the hinterland. The Aro were a powerful and influential group in southeastern Nigeria, and they controlled trade routes and engaged in slave trading. The British saw the Aro as a threat to their presence in the region and sought to eliminate this opposition in order to secure their own power and control. The expedition against the Aro was a military campaign aimed at neutralizing their power and establishing British control in the region.

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Land And Peoples Of The Nigeria Area

Igbo

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Question 11 Report

One of the objectives for the formation of the South African Native Congress in 1912 was to

establish a political party

encourage black participation in governance

retrieve all lands seized by the whites

integrate the various groups and races.

Problems Of Nation-building In Africa

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Question 12 Report

The nationalist movement in Nigeria during the post-war period was primarily led by

the intelligentsia

businessmen

students

local chiefs

Answer Details

The nationalist movement in Nigeria during the post-war period was primarily led by the intelligentsia. The intelligentsia consisted of educated and politically conscious Nigerians who were committed to the idea of Nigerian independence from British colonial rule. These individuals were often university graduates, lawyers, journalists, and civil servants, and they used their positions of influence to promote nationalist ideas and advocate for self-government. They formed political parties such as the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) and the Action Group (AG), which became instrumental in pushing for Nigerian independence. While other groups such as businessmen, students, and local chiefs also played important roles in the nationalist movement, it was the intelligentsia who provided the intellectual and ideological leadership that drove the movement forward.

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Question 13 Report

The Mfecane resulted in the

division and fragmentation of the Zulu nation

formation of the Ndebele state

decrease in Boer influence in South Africa

dispersal of the Zulu to the Katanga copper belt.

Origin, Political, Social And Economic Organization (The Gambia Only)

The New Imperialism And European Occupation Of Africa

The Mfecane

External Influences

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Question 14 Report

The Battle of Tel el-Kebir was fought between

the British and the Urabists

Tawfiq and the Mahdists

the Khedive and the Wafdists

Napoleon and the Mamluks

Answer Details

The Battle of Tel el-Kebir was fought between the British and the Urabists. It took place on September 13, 1882, near the village of Tel el-Kebir in Egypt. The Urabi Revolt, led by Colonel Ahmed Urabi, had challenged the Khedive Tawfiq's authority, leading to a political crisis in Egypt. The British, who had economic and strategic interests in Egypt, saw the Urabi Revolt as a threat to their interests and decided to intervene. The British forces, led by General Garnet Wolseley, launched a surprise attack on the Urabist army and defeated them, putting an end to the Urabi Revolt and re-establishing British control over Egypt. The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is considered to be a significant event in Egyptian and British history, as it marked the beginning of British colonial rule in Egypt.

Read lesson note on Egypt Under Mohammed Ali And Khedive Ismail (JAMB)

Egypt Under Mohammed Ali And Khedive Ismail

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Question 15 Report

The Africans transported across the Atlantic as slaves were mostly

people with criminal records

disabled persons

people with low income

able-bodied men

Answer Details

The Africans transported across the Atlantic as slaves were mostly able-bodied men. Slavery was a system where people were forcibly taken from Africa, and then sold as property to work on plantations in the Americas. Plantation owners needed strong, healthy workers to do physically demanding labor, such as planting and harvesting crops. This is why they mostly chose able-bodied men, who were seen as the most capable of doing hard labor. The slave trade was a brutal and inhumane practice that lasted for centuries and had a profound impact on both Africa and the Americas.

Read lesson note on Trans Atlantic Slave Trade In West Africa (WAEC)

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Read lesson note on Sierra Leone, Liberia And Christian Missionary Activities In West Africa (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Trans-atlantic Slave Trade (WAEC)

Trans Atlantic Slave Trade In West Africa

Islam In West Africa

Sierra Leone, Liberia And Christian Missionary Activities In West Africa

Trans-atlantic Slave Trade

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Question 16 Report

King Leopold’s colonial ventures in the Congo were aimed at

making Belgium a great colonial power

carving out an empire for himself

putting a stop to domestic slave trade in the area

introducing Western education to the people.

Answer Details

King Leopold's colonial ventures in the Congo were aimed at carving out an empire for himself. Leopold was the king of Belgium, and he was interested in establishing a colony that would provide him with personal wealth and prestige. He used the pretext of humanitarianism and the desire to "civilize" the African people to obtain international recognition and support for his project. In reality, Leopold's exploitation of the Congo's natural resources, particularly rubber, led to widespread abuse and brutality towards the Congolese people, including forced labor, mutilation, and mass killings. Leopold's focus was on enriching himself rather than promoting the welfare of the Congolese people. While there were some efforts to introduce Western education to the Congo, this was primarily to benefit Leopold's interests rather than to improve the lives of the Congolese.

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Question 17 Report

Sayyid Said increased the volume of trade with the Europeans by

allowing them to take control of the trade with the hinterland

replacing Indian middlemen with Europeans

allowing European consuls to reside in Zanzibar

making English the lingua franca of Zanzibar.

Answer Details

The European consuls were to ensure compliance with commercial treaties signed between their countries and the Omani rulers and to protect citizens of their countries from molestations.

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The Colonial Economy

External Influences

Islam In West Africa

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Question 18 Report

The French colonial policy of assimilation failed in Africa because

African culture was deeply rooted

the African elite were opposed to it

it was not consistently implemented

it was expensive to implement.

Answer Details

The French colonial policy of assimilation failed in Africa mainly because African culture was deeply rooted. Assimilation was a policy that aimed to turn African colonies into French territories by imposing French language, culture, and values on the African population. However, this approach did not work because African societies had their own distinct cultures that they valued and wanted to preserve. Additionally, the policy was often not consistently implemented or was opposed by African elites who wanted to maintain their own power and influence. The costs of implementing the policy also made it difficult to sustain in the long term. These factors contributed to the failure of the French colonial policy of assimilation in Africa.

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Early European Contact (Sierra Leone Only)

External Influences

European Contacts – Liberia (Economic And Social Effects)

West Africa And International Organizations

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Question 19 Report

During the colonial period, agricultural policy in Nigeria was designed to

raise the financial base of the country

make the economy compete favourably in the world market

provide raw materials for British industries

demonstrate Britain’s concern for the development of its colonies.

Answer Details

During the colonial period in Nigeria, agricultural policy was primarily designed to provide raw materials for British industries. The British colonial government wanted to extract resources from Nigeria to support their own economy, and agriculture was seen as a way to do that. The policies were not focused on raising the financial base of the country or making the Nigerian economy competitive in the world market. Instead, they were designed to benefit the British economy. The idea of demonstrating Britain's concern for the development of its colonies was not a primary goal of the agricultural policies in Nigeria during the colonial period.

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Question 20 Report

The NCNC London Delegate pressed for

free primary education for all Nigerian children

autonomy for the regions

a revision of the Richards Constitution

outright independence for Nigeria.

Answer Details

It, among other things not listed here except the correct option, sought the establishment of a legislative house in each of the four British colonial
territories.

Read lesson note on Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence (JAMB)

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Read lesson note on Indigenous Crafts And Industries (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence

The Decolonization Process In Nigeria, 1922-1960

Liberia’s Relationship With The Outside World

Indigenous Crafts And Industries (Nigeria Only)

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Question 21 Report

The establishment of Freetown in 1822 facilitated

the settlement of freed slaves

Christian missionary activities

humanitarian activities

the improvement of agriculture.

Answer Details

The establishment of Freetown in 1822 facilitated the settlement of freed slaves. Freetown was established as a place where freed slaves from Britain and other countries could start new lives. The city served as a safe haven for people who had been freed from slavery and was seen as a symbol of hope for those still enslaved. The settlement of freed slaves in Freetown helped to create a thriving community and laid the foundation for the growth of Sierra Leone as a nation.

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Read lesson note on The Activities Of Samori Toure In Sierra Leone (WAEC)

Christian Missionary Activities And Their Impact (Sierra Leone Only)

The Founding Of The Settlement Colony Of Sierra Leone To The Declaration Of The Crown Colony

The Role Of The Colonial Government In Contacts Between The Colony And The Hinterland

The Activities Of Samori Toure In Sierra Leone

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Question 22 Report

In 1973, Nigeria broke diplomatic relations with Israel because of Israel’s

occupation of Egyptian territory

support for apartheid South Africa

support for Biafra during the war

raid on Entebbe airport in Uganda.

Answer Details

Israel defeated the joint army of the six Arab nations in 1967 and again in 1973 and went ahead to annex some
important regions of Egypt.

Read lesson note on The Civil War (JAMB)

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Read lesson note on Nigeria In International Organizations (JAMB)

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The Civil War

The Abacha Regime

Nigeria In International Organizations

European Penetration And Impact

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Question 23 Report

Which of the following was one of the demands of the National Congress of British West Africa?

Establishment of a university in each of the colonies.

Expulsion of all Syrians and Lebanese from the colonies.

Election of Africans into each colony’s council.

Restriction of the activities of Christian missionaries in the colonies.

Answer Details

One of the demands of the National Congress of British West Africa was the election of Africans into each colony’s council. This means that the Congress wanted African people to be able to participate in the governing and decision-making processes in their colonies. This demand was a call for greater political representation and inclusion for African people in their own communities.

Read lesson note on Origin, Political, Social And Economic Organization (The Gambia Only) (WAEC)

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Read lesson note on Historiography And Historical Skills (West Africa) (WAEC)

Origin, Political, Social And Economic Organization (The Gambia Only)

Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence

Historiography And Historical Skills (West Africa)

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Question 24 Report

A major reason for the introduction of indirect rule in Northern Nigeria was to

ensure perfect control of the economy

further weaken the position of the elite class

assist the Christian missionaries in their activities

secure cheap labour for railway construction.

Answer Details

Control of the economy would grant them unhindered access to raw materials for the European industries
and ready markets for the products from the industries.

Read lesson note on The Establishment Of Colonial Rule Up To 1914 (JAMB)

Read lesson note on European Penetration And Impact (JAMB)

The Establishment Of Colonial Rule Up To 1914

European Penetration And Impact

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Question 25 Report

One of the main aims of the British conquest of Buganda was to

gain access to the cape of Good Hope

pain control of the gold mines of Bunyoro

prevent other Europeans from controlling the source of the Nile

take control of the trade routes in the area.

Answer Details

One of the main aims of the British conquest of Buganda was to prevent other Europeans from controlling the source of the Nile. The Nile River was an important resource for the British Empire, and they wanted to make sure that they had control over it. The Kingdom of Buganda was located in the region around the Nile, and the British saw it as a strategic place to establish their influence. By conquering Buganda, the British were able to secure their control over the Nile and prevent other European powers from getting a foothold in the region. This helped to further solidify their position in the area and ensure their access to the resources of the Nile.

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The Sokoto Caliphate

Yorubaland

External Influences

The First Phase Of The British Conquest Of Nigeria

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Question 26 Report

Rabeh’s greatest challenge after conquering Borno was

normalizing relations with Sokoto Caliphate

rebuilding the armed forces

reviving the ailing economy

safeguarding the religion of Islam.

Answer Details

Rabeh had an efficient army at that time and his immediate aim certainly did not include establishing any contact with the Sokoto caliphate as he saw himself as another Muslim reformer.

Read lesson note on The Sokoto Caliphate (JAMB)

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The Sokoto Caliphate

Kanem-borno

Islam In West Africa

European Penetration And Impact

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Question 27 Report

An important function of FEDECO during the 1979 elections was

establishing party offices

promulgating the new constitution into law

swearing-in of elected officials

delineating electoral constituencies.

Answer Details

During the 1979 elections, an important function of FEDECO (Federal Electoral Commission of Nigeria) was delineating electoral constituencies. This means that FEDECO was responsible for creating and defining the boundaries of the various electoral districts or constituencies in the country. This was a crucial function because it ensured that each constituency had an equal number of voters and that there was a fair distribution of electoral power among the different regions of Nigeria. This function was essential for the conduct of a free and fair election in the country.

Read lesson note on The Politics Of The First Republic And Military In Nigeria (JAMB)

The Politics Of The First Republic And Military In Nigeria

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Question 28 Report

The strategy for accelerated agricultural development of the Obasanjo regime in the 1970’s focused on

improving transportation network to the rural areas

establishing agro-allied industries

achieving food self-sufficiency

establishing new marketing boards.

Answer Details

He aimed to achieve this through the ‘Operation Feed the Nation’ scheme..

Read lesson note on Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Murtala/Obasanjo Regime (JAMB)

Nationalism, Constitutional Developments And Independence

Murtala/Obasanjo Regime

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Question 29 Report

The Ekiti Parapo was aimed at

checking European inroad into Yorubaland

restoring the dignity of the Alaafin

reducing the powers of Ibadan

forming a federated government.

Answer Details

The Ekiti Parapo was a coalition of Ekiti towns in the 19th century Yoruba land. The primary aim of the Ekiti Parapo was to check the expansionist agenda of the Ibadan empire, which was seeking to conquer and dominate the smaller kingdoms in the region. Therefore, the correct option is "reducing the powers of Ibadan." The Ekiti Parapo was not formed to check European inroads into Yorubaland, restore the dignity of the Alaafin, or form a federated government.

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Indigenous Crafts And Industries (Sierra Leone Only)

Sierra Leone And The Trans-atlantic Slave Trade

Yorubaland

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Question 30 Report

One feature of European diplomacy in the scramble for Africa was

exchanging of ambassadors among them

holding Africans hostage for negotiations

negotiating with African leaders for territories

reconciling differences over territorial claims.

Answer Details

European powers held conferences in which they signed treaties among themselves to settle disagreements
among them over rival claims laid to African territories.

Read lesson note on The New Imperialism And European Occupation Of Africa (JAMB)

Read lesson note on External Influences (WAEC)

The New Imperialism And European Occupation Of Africa

External Influences

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Question 31 Report

The Nok civilization suggests that

Nigeria passed through different stages of development

Civilization in the area began with the Stone Age

The people of Nigeria came from the East

Nigerian civilization is related to that of Greek.

Answer Details

The Nok civilization is a complex and sophisticated culture that existed in what is now Nigeria over 2,000 years ago. It suggests that Nigeria has a rich history and has passed through different stages of development, including the Stone Age. The Nok people were not from the East, but they developed their own unique civilization that was not directly related to that of Greece. However, they did have their own advanced social, political, and economic systems, as well as a rich cultural heritage that is still studied today.

Read lesson note on Land And Peoples Of The Nigeria Area (JAMB)

Land And Peoples Of The Nigeria Area

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Question 32 Report

The Yoruba background to the Oba of Benin is emphasized by the

similarities of Benin and Ife arts

similarities in their political structures

relationship between Oranmiyan and Ogiso dynasties

Oranmiyan legend in Benin history.

Answer Details

There was no relationship between the Oranmiyan and Ogiso Dynasties the letter of which had been superceded by the republican system; and Oranmiyan connection with Benin history produced similarities in life and Benin art as well as in their political structures

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Yorubaland

Nupe

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Question 33 Report

A major reason for the military intervention in Nigeria’s politics in 129966 was the

pro-West posture of Nigeria’s foreign policy

over-bearing power of traditional rulers

attempt by government to retire top military officers

crisis of the 1964 General Elections.

Answer Details

A major reason for the military intervention in Nigeria's politics in 1966 was the crisis of the 1964 General Elections. The elections were marred by widespread irregularities, electoral malpractice, and violence, which led to a loss of confidence in the political system. This crisis created a power vacuum, which was exploited by the military to take control of the government. While it is true that Nigeria had a pro-West posture in its foreign policy, the over-bearing power of traditional rulers, and an attempt by the government to retire top military officers, these were not the main reasons for the military intervention in 1966. The crisis of the 1964 General Elections was the main factor that led to the intervention.

Read lesson note on The Politics Of The First Republic And Military In Nigeria (JAMB)

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The Politics Of The First Republic And Military In Nigeria

The Buhari Regime

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Question 34 Report

Christianity spread fast in Nigeria because it

was associated with Western education

had superior spiritual appeal

preached social equality

was opposed to oppression by rulers

Christian Missionary Activities In West Africa

Patterns Of Colonial Rule In Africa

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Question 35 Report

Morocco was of strategic importance to the European countries because

of its good climatic conditions

it was highly industrialized

it possessed good mineral resources

it provided an entrance to the Mediterranean.

Answer Details

Morocco was of strategic importance to the European countries because it provided an entrance to the Mediterranean. This means that European countries were interested in controlling Morocco because it was located on the northwestern coast of Africa and provided easy access to the Mediterranean Sea. The Mediterranean was a crucial route for trade and transportation, and controlling Morocco allowed European powers to gain control over this important area. Additionally, Morocco's strategic location made it a valuable site for military bases and naval operations, further increasing its importance to European powers. While Morocco has some mineral resources and good climatic conditions, it was primarily its location that made it so valuable to European countries.

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The New Imperialism And European Occupation Of Africa

Centralized And Non-centralized States

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Question 36 Report

The main reason for the construction of the railway from Port-Harcourt into the hinterland was the

discovery of tin in Jos area

discovery of a deep sea harbor at Port-Harcourt

discovery of coal at Udi

need to evacuate export crops from the hinterland.

Answer Details

Coal is a very heavy mineral which cannot be carried by road transport

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Question 37 Report

In Africa, the colonial authorities introduced modern means of transportation in order to

develop the internal markets

increase farmers’ purchasing power

encourage urban development

promote import-export trade.

Answer Details

In Africa, colonial authorities introduced modern means of transportation to promote import-export trade. These modern modes of transportation such as railroads, ports, and roads allowed for easier movement of goods from one place to another, both within the continent and across the seas. This increased the volume of trade, enabling African countries to export raw materials to the colonial powers and import manufactured goods in return. This process boosted the economies of colonial powers at the expense of the colonized nations. While the introduction of modern means of transportation may have had some impact on the development of internal markets, increased farmers' purchasing power, and encouraged urban development, these were not the main reasons for their introduction.

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Economic And Social Developments In The Colonial Period (The Gambia Only)

External Influences

Origin And Formation Of States In The Nigeria Area

Patterns Of Colonial Rule In Africa

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Question 38 Report

The 1960 Sharpeville revolt was specifically against

labour laws

land laws

marriage laws

pass laws

Answer Details

The 1960 Sharpeville revolt was specifically against pass laws. Pass laws were a system of regulations that required black South Africans to carry a pass book at all times, which contained their personal information and employment history. These laws restricted the movement of black South Africans and made it difficult for them to find work and travel freely. The Sharpeville revolt was a peaceful demonstration against these laws, but it turned violent when police opened fire on the protesters, killing 69 people and injuring many more. The event became a turning point in South Africa's history, leading to increased international pressure and eventually the end of apartheid.

Read lesson note on Sierra Leone, Liberia And Christian Missionary Activities In West Africa (JAMB)

Sierra Leone, Liberia And Christian Missionary Activities In West Africa

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Question 39 Report

Protests by trade unions in Nigeria during the colonial period were aimed at

achieving political independence

establishing more industries

obtaining specific benefits for members

fighting corruption among government officials.

Answer Details

The protests by trade unions in Nigeria during the colonial period were aimed at obtaining specific benefits for members. These benefits included better working conditions, higher wages, and job security. The trade unions also fought against unfair labor practices by employers, such as arbitrary dismissals, long working hours, and poor working conditions. Through their protests and strikes, the trade unions were able to negotiate better working conditions for their members and improve the overall labor standards in Nigeria. However, the trade unions' activities also contributed to the larger movement for political independence, as they challenged the colonial authorities' economic and political power.

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European Penetration And Impact

West Africa And International Organizations

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Question 40 Report

A major consequence of the Great Trek was the

restriction of movement of the whites in South Africa

agitation for black-white equality in South Africa

annexation of white communities by the Africans

the expansion of white communities in South Africa

Answer Details

A major consequence of the Great Trek was the expansion of white communities in South Africa. The Great Trek was a mass migration of Boers (Dutch settlers) from the British-controlled Cape Colony in South Africa to the interior of the continent. The Boers were seeking new lands and greater independence from British rule. As a result of the Great Trek, white communities expanded into the interior of South Africa and established the Boer republics of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal). This expansion had significant implications for the indigenous African populations, who were often displaced or subjected to colonial rule.

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Question 41 Report

Ibadan-Ijebu relations in the 19th Century became hostile as a result of

boundary disputes between them

succession to the Ijebu throne

British annexation of Lagos

Ibadan’s attempt to reach the coast.

Answer Details

The Ijebu and Egba were fiercely opposed to Ibadan’s attempt to procure arms and ammunition directly from
Lagos to prosecute her wars.

Read lesson note on Yorubaland (JAMB)

Yorubaland

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Question 42 Report

Nineteenth century Egyptian nationalism principally aimed at

controlling the Suez Canal

forming a constitutional government in Egypt

bringing down the monarchy

ensuring Egyptian independence.

Answer Details

In the nineteenth century, Egyptian nationalism primarily aimed at ensuring independence for Egypt. Egyptian nationalists wanted to end the country's status as a subject state under Ottoman rule and gain greater control over Egypt's own affairs. They were motivated by a desire for self-rule, a sense of national pride, and a rejection of foreign interference in their country's politics and economy. While the nationalists also had other goals, such as creating a constitutional government and limiting the power of the monarchy, these were seen as means to the larger end of achieving independence. Similarly, controlling the Suez Canal, while an important strategic objective, was not the primary aim of Egyptian nationalism at this time. The ultimate goal was to secure Egypt's sovereignty and national identity.

Read lesson note on Egypt Under Mohammed Ali And Khedive Ismail (JAMB)

Egypt Under Mohammed Ali And Khedive Ismail

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Question 43 Report

The development of mircoliths is associated with the

Middle Age Stone

Late Stone Age

Iron Age

Early Stone Age.

Answer Details

The development of micro-liths is associated with the Late Stone Age. Micro-liths are small stone tools, typically less than 5 cm in length, that were produced using a technique called micro-blade technology. This involved the production of small, parallel-sided blades from specially prepared cores, which could then be used as tools or affixed to a handle to create composite tools. Micro-liths were used by hunter-gatherer societies during the Late Stone Age to create a variety of tools, such as arrowheads, scrapers, and knives. This technology allowed for more efficient use of raw materials, as well as increased precision and versatility in tool making. Micro-liths are also associated with the emergence of more complex social and economic systems during this period, as they allowed for increased specialization and the development of trade networks.

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Question 44 Report

Major General Aguiyi-Ironsi introduced a unitary system of government because

of the command structure of the military

it was the wish of the people

he wanted more revenue for the central government

other military officers were planning to overthrow him

The Sokoto Caliphate

The Politics Of The First Republic And Military In Nigeria

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Question 45 Report

The Mahdists revolt in the Sudan was successful

They believed they had a superior faith

it enjoyed widespread support

the Egyptian army was poorly trained

General Gordon was an incompetent commander.

Answer Details

The Mahdists revolt in the Sudan was successful due to a combination of factors. One of the main reasons was the widespread support they enjoyed from the local population, who believed in their superior faith. Additionally, the Egyptian army that was sent to suppress the revolt was poorly trained and ill-equipped. Finally, General Gordon, who was appointed to lead the British relief expedition, was unable to effectively defend Khartoum and was seen as an incompetent commander. All these factors together contributed to the success of the Mahdists revolt in the Sudan.

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Question 46 Report

The jihadists emerged victorious in Gobir because

their cause was just

the Hausa rulers were divided

they had superior weapons

the masses supported them.