The contrasting pair of genes affecting a trait and located at the same position on homologous chromosomes is referred to as

The contrasting pair of genes affecting a trait and located at the same position on homologous chromosomes is referred to as "alleles." Alleles are different versions of the same gene that code for different traits, and they are located on the same locus on each of the two homologous chromosomes. One allele is inherited from each parent and determines the expression of the trait. The two alleles can be either homozygous (identical) or heterozygous (different), and the expression of the trait will depend on whether one or both of the alleles are dominant or recessive.