(a) Draw a sketch map of Africa. On the map, show and name one area of any two of the following (i) Equatorial climate; (ii) Mediterranean climate; (iii) Ho...

(a) Sketch map of Africa showing two climatic areas

Key: green shading represents the Equatorial Climate in the Congo Basin; yellow shading represents the Hot Desert Climate in the Sahara.

(b) Characteristics of the Equatorial climate

1. Temperatures are high throughout the year, averaging about 26°C to 27°C.
2. The annual range of temperature is very small, usually about 2°C to 3°C.
3. Rainfall is heavy and well distributed throughout the year, often reaching about 200 cm or more annually.
4. There are usually two rainfall maxima, occurring around the equinoxes.
5. Most rainfall is convectional and commonly falls as heavy afternoon showers accompanied by thunder and lightning.
6. Relative humidity is high throughout the year and cloud cover is extensive.

(c) Economic importance of forest vegetation in Africa

1. It supplies valuable hardwood and timber for building, furniture making, paper and other industries.
2. Lumbering, sawmilling and the sale of timber provide employment, income and foreign exchange.
3. Forests provide fuel wood and charcoal for domestic and industrial use.
4. They supply raw materials and useful products such as rubber, fruits, nuts, palm products and medicinal herbs.
5. Forest reserves conserve wildlife and provide sites for tourism and recreation.