(a)Lst five landforms found in the upper course of a river. (b) Highlight three differences and two Similarities between an alluvial fan and a delta.
Question 1 Report
(a)Lst five landforms found in the upper course of a river.
(b) Highlight three differences and two Similarities between an alluvial fan and a delta.
Answer Details
(a) Five landforms found in the upper course of a river
- V-shaped valley (deep, narrow valley cut by vertical erosion).
- Interlocking spurs (projecting ridges the river winds around).
- Waterfalls (and rapids where the river crosses hard rock bands).
- Gorges (steep-sided rocky valleys, often below a retreating waterfall).
- Potholes (circular hollows drilled into the rocky bed by swirling pebbles).
(Cascades and cataracts are also acceptable.)
(b) Alluvial fan and delta compared
Three differences
| Alluvial fan | Delta |
|---|---|
| Forms on land, where a river leaves a steep highland and reaches a plain. | Forms at the mouth of a river, where it enters a sea or lake. |
| Deposition is caused by a sudden reduction in gradient/slope. | Deposition is caused by the check of the current on meeting standing water and flocculation. |
| Built of coarser materials (gravel, sand) and is usually cone-shaped in profile. | Built of finer materials (silt, mud, clay) and is often triangular or bird-foot in plan. |
Two similarities
- Both are depositional landforms built from river load (alluvium).
- Both are formed where the river's velocity and carrying capacity fall sharply, and both have gentle, fan-like or spreading shapes crossed by distributaries.
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