(a) Describe briefly four methods of weed dispersal. (b) Describe three mechanical and three cultural methods of weed control.
Question 1 Report
(a) Describe briefly four methods of weed dispersal. (b) Describe three mechanical and three cultural methods of weed control.
Answer Details
(a) Four methods of weed dispersal
- Wind dispersal: light seeds with hairs or wings (e.g. Tridax, Spear grass) are blown by wind.
- Water dispersal: seeds are carried by run-off water and streams to new sites.
- Animal dispersal: seeds with hooks or spines stick to animal fur, or are eaten and passed out in droppings.
- Self/explosive dispersal: the fruit bursts open on drying and flings the seeds away (e.g. Centrosema).
- (Man/agents also disperse weed seeds through contaminated crop seed, farm implements and manure.)
(b) Three mechanical methods of weed control
- Hand pulling / hoeing of weeds.
- Slashing or cutting with a cutlass.
- Mowing, tillage or ploughing to uproot and bury weeds.
Three cultural methods of weed control
- Mulching the soil surface to smother weeds.
- Crop rotation to break the weed life-cycle.
- Use of close/proper spacing and cover crops to shade out weeds.
- (Flooding of fields and timely land preparation are also acceptable.)
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